Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
More Annotations
A complete backup of https://canadianhealthandacaremallreviews.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://igrnews.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://koomey.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://schuhplus.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://democraticac.de
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://worldmarkets.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://findjcd.org
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://poodwaddle.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://paredro.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://igeoe.pt
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://wacoinstrumentsindia.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://morethanaccountants.co.uk
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Favourite Annotations
A complete backup of camaracriciuma.sc.gov.br
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of cheomservice.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of mytennislessons.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of gis-tech.blogspot.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of demo-builder.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of sys-team-admin.ru
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Text
an end.
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. It was in this neighbourhood that, according to John Bellenden, Archdeacon of Moray, 1536, and translator of Hector Boece’s “History of Scotland”, the Battle of Cruden was foughtby
THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
VIKINGS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES The Fulda Annals tell us that the bodies of dead Vikings blocked the run of the river. The bad harvest of 892 and the threat of famine made the Vikings turn north again. After 892 their role in the low countries was limited to occasional raids (notably on Nijmegen, Groningen, Stavoren, Tiel and Utrecht). After 1010 the raids came toan end.
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. It was in this neighbourhood that, according to John Bellenden, Archdeacon of Moray, 1536, and translator of Hector Boece’s “History of Scotland”, the Battle of Cruden was foughtby
THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
THE VIKING WORLD
The Vikings’ everyday life was influenced not only by their view of the physical world around them, but also by their religion. They knew the gods lived in Asgard. They knew the gods could help them against evil forces, but they needed to treat their gods well. To sacrifice a valuable animal ( blota) to the gods put them in a good mood. YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. VIKINGS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES The Fulda Annals tell us that the bodies of dead Vikings blocked the run of the river. The bad harvest of 892 and the threat of famine made the Vikings turn north again. After 892 their role in the low countries was limited to occasional raids (notably on Nijmegen, Groningen, Stavoren, Tiel and Utrecht). After 1010 the raids came toan end.
DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
VIKING WOMEN
Marriage. Girls were married at the age of 12 -15. They were then expected to run a household. Let’s hope they got some help from the older women in the family! The marriage was agreed between families and was regarded as an alliance between the two families for mutual help and protection. The girl herself had little to say in the matter. THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
LINDHOLM HOEJE
A Viking Network Info-sheet: Lindholm Hoeje - a graveyard and a settlement. Line Kristensen, Jeannette Rahmberg, Malene Damborg, Martin Kristensen, Carsten Haugaard, Pernille Gundersen NORRØNE ORD I DEN NORMANNISKE DIALEKTEN Normanisk ord Betydning på engelsk Norrønt opphav; acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (filed, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in YTHE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Introduction. by Barrie Markham Rhodes, The Yorkshire Dialect Society. The influence of Viking language on the regional speech varieties of northern and eastern England is well documented. It is not surprising, therefore, that numerous ‘Viking’ lexical items are to be found in the traditional dialects of places such as Yorkshire and this page presents many of these. VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND A Viking Network Info-sheet: Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt.It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. VIKINGS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES Vikings in the Low Countries. Written for The Viking Network by Reinard Maarleveld. During the last years of the reign of Charles the Great (768-814) the emperor took measures against the danger of Vikingraids.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire dialect word: Generally accepted meaning: Old Norse source word: Notes and comments: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z: agate: on the way THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Boimare, J. & Boëmare (1984) Heimdal (French periodical); Bayeux, France. Lepelley, R. (1993) Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de communes de Normandie. THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN By William J. Sell. Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age.THE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Introduction. by Barrie Markham Rhodes, The Yorkshire Dialect Society. The influence of Viking language on the regional speech varieties of northern and eastern England is well documented. It is not surprising, therefore, that numerous ‘Viking’ lexical items are to be found in the traditional dialects of places such as Yorkshire and this page presents many of these. VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND A Viking Network Info-sheet: Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt.It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. VIKINGS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES Vikings in the Low Countries. Written for The Viking Network by Reinard Maarleveld. During the last years of the reign of Charles the Great (768-814) the emperor took measures against the danger of Vikingraids.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire dialect word: Generally accepted meaning: Old Norse source word: Notes and comments: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z: agate: on the way THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Boimare, J. & Boëmare (1984) Heimdal (French periodical); Bayeux, France. Lepelley, R. (1993) Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de communes de Normandie. THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN By William J. Sell. Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age. VIKINGS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES Vikings in the Low Countries. Written for The Viking Network by Reinard Maarleveld. During the last years of the reign of Charles the Great (768-814) the emperor took measures against the danger of Vikingraids.
NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN NOTE: There are some other family names whose origin is ‘other’ Germanic (Saxon or Frankish) but which are very close to Scandinavian forms: Enouf (Eginwulf), Anfray (Ansfrid), Anfri (Ansfrid), Geffroy (Gerdfrid), Gonfroy (Gunfrid), Rainfroy (Raginfrid), Rioult (Ridwulf). THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world.VIKING WOMEN
The Vikings lived in large family groups. Children, parents and grandparents lived together. When the eldest son took over the family farm, he became the head of THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Some time between 954 and 962 a party of Vikings from Orkney, led by the sons of King Eric Blood-Axe raided the Buchan coast but were defeated by the natives. The exact site of this battle is unknown but one account would suggest that it was on the slopes of the Aldie Hill at Cruden.. In 1004 Gamrie (Gardenstown) was attacked by a party of Norsemen who were in search of provisions for their THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age. THE VIKING AGE IN TRONDHEIM A Viking Network Info-sheet. The Viking Age in Trondheim. by Eva Marie Westad and her pupils. A Viking is a Nordic sea warrior, merchant and conqueror, who participated in plundering several countries in the east and the west of Europe in for ex : England, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, the Baltic, Russia and sometimes even all the way down to Constantinople .LINDHOLM HOEJE
A Viking Network Info-sheet: Lindholm Hoeje - a graveyard and a settlement. Line Kristensen, Jeannette Rahmberg, Malene Damborg, Martin Kristensen, Carsten Haugaard, Pernille Gundersen NORRØNE ORD I DEN NORMANNISKE DIALEKTEN Normanisk ord Betydning på engelsk Norrønt opphav; acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (filed, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areas THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areas THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world.THE VIKING SHIP
The Vikings set sail in the morning when the wind and tide was right. All day they sailed along the coast. At nightfall they landed at some beach, put up tents, had a cooked meal and went to sleep. Next day they set sail when the. and so on, until they reached theirdestination. This
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
MYTHOLOGY – THE VIKING GODS Odin – The god of the warriors and battle, but also the god of wisdom and poetry. Odin had a horse called Slepner with eight legs so it never got tired, and two ravens called Hugin and Munin. Odin sent the ravens out every morning and in the afternoon they came back to tell him all the news from all over the world that day. Odin lived inValhall.
THE VIKINGS AND MONEY Vikings in Norway make their own Coins Pennies ca. 995 – 1100 AD. Hoards from the Viking period show that from the 9th century onwards – stretching well into the 11th century – there was an extensive flow of foreign silver coins to Scandinavia.VIKING GIVEN NAMES
ás – the word for God in old Norse / frid – beautiful (woman) 22000. 43000. 6900. Brynhild. bryn – chain mail/ hild – fighter.900. 100. 50.
VIKING WOMEN
Marriage. Girls were married at the age of 12 -15. They were then expected to run a household. Let’s hope they got some help from the older women in the family! The marriage was agreed between families and was regarded as an alliance between the two families for mutual help and protection. The girl herself had little to say in the matter. PLACE-NAMES IN THE DANELAW Place-name elements. Most English place-names are made up of two elements (though some are three or more). In a two-element name, we call the first part the 'prefix' and the second part the 'suffix'. In The Danelaw, the prefix is often the name of the person who held that settlement. Experts in the history of names can tell us which wereViking
PLACE NAMES IN ENGLAND There are 155 place names ending in -thorpe in Yorkshire. Place names as a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Viking words. These are known as ‘Grimston hybrids’, because -ton is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning town or village, and Grim is a Viking name. The idea is that a Viking took over an Anglo-Saxon place and called it after himself. OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areas THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areas THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat PLACE NAMES IN ENGLAND There are 155 place names ending in -thorpe in Yorkshire. Place names as a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Viking words. These are known as ‘Grimston hybrids’, because -ton is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning town or village, and Grim is a Viking name. The idea is that a Viking took over an Anglo-Saxon place and called it after himself. LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world.THE VIKING SHIP
The Vikings set sail in the morning when the wind and tide was right. All day they sailed along the coast. At nightfall they landed at some beach, put up tents, had a cooked meal and went to sleep. Next day they set sail when the. and so on, until they reached theirdestination. This
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
MYTHOLOGY – THE VIKING GODS Odin – The god of the warriors and battle, but also the god of wisdom and poetry. Odin had a horse called Slepner with eight legs so it never got tired, and two ravens called Hugin and Munin. Odin sent the ravens out every morning and in the afternoon they came back to tell him all the news from all over the world that day. Odin lived inValhall.
VIKING GIVEN NAMES
ás – the word for God in old Norse / frid – beautiful (woman) 22000. 43000. 6900. Brynhild. bryn – chain mail/ hild – fighter.900. 100. 50.
VIKING WOMEN
Marriage. Girls were married at the age of 12 -15. They were then expected to run a household. Let’s hope they got some help from the older women in the family! The marriage was agreed between families and was regarded as an alliance between the two families for mutual help and protection. The girl herself had little to say in the matter. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
PLACE NAMES IN ENGLAND There are 155 place names ending in -thorpe in Yorkshire. Place names as a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Viking words. These are known as ‘Grimston hybrids’, because -ton is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning town or village, and Grim is a Viking name. The idea is that a Viking took over an Anglo-Saxon place and called it after himself. STANDARD ENGLISH WORDS WHICH HAVE A SCANDINAVIAN ETYMOLOGY Standard English: Source or present-day associations: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z: bilge (n,vb) The protuberant part of the belly of a ship orTHE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Introduction. by Barrie Markham Rhodes, The Yorkshire Dialect Society. The influence of Viking language on the regional speech varieties of northern and eastern England is well documented. It is not surprising, therefore, that numerous ‘Viking’ lexical items are to be found in the traditional dialects of places such as Yorkshire and this page presents many of these. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND A Viking Network Info-sheet: Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt.It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Some time between 954 and 962 a party of Vikings from Orkney, led by the sons of King Eric Blood-Axe raided the Buchan coast but were defeated by the natives. The exact site of this battle is unknown but one account would suggest that it was on the slopes of the Aldie Hill at Cruden.. In 1004 Gamrie (Gardenstown) was attacked by a party of Norsemen who were in search of provisions for their LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire dialect word: Generally accepted meaning: Old Norse source word: Notes and comments: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z: agate: on the way THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN By William J. Sell. Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Boimare, J. & Boëmare (1984) Heimdal (French periodical); Bayeux, France. Lepelley, R. (1993) Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de communes de Normandie. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age.THE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Introduction. by Barrie Markham Rhodes, The Yorkshire Dialect Society. The influence of Viking language on the regional speech varieties of northern and eastern England is well documented. It is not surprising, therefore, that numerous ‘Viking’ lexical items are to be found in the traditional dialects of places such as Yorkshire and this page presents many of these. ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND A Viking Network Info-sheet: Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt.It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Some time between 954 and 962 a party of Vikings from Orkney, led by the sons of King Eric Blood-Axe raided the Buchan coast but were defeated by the natives. The exact site of this battle is unknown but one account would suggest that it was on the slopes of the Aldie Hill at Cruden.. In 1004 Gamrie (Gardenstown) was attacked by a party of Norsemen who were in search of provisions for their LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire dialect word: Generally accepted meaning: Old Norse source word: Notes and comments: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z: agate: on the way THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN By William J. Sell. Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Boimare, J. & Boëmare (1984) Heimdal (French periodical); Bayeux, France. Lepelley, R. (1993) Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de communes de Normandie. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age. OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Some time between 954 and 962 a party of Vikings from Orkney, led by the sons of King Eric Blood-Axe raided the Buchan coast but were defeated by the natives. The exact site of this battle is unknown but one account would suggest that it was on the slopes of the Aldie Hill at Cruden.. In 1004 Gamrie (Gardenstown) was attacked by a party of Norsemen who were in search of provisions for theirVIKING WOMEN
The Vikings lived in large family groups. Children, parents and grandparents lived together. When the eldest son took over the family farm, he became the head of NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN NOTE: There are some other family names whose origin is ‘other’ Germanic (Saxon or Frankish) but which are very close to Scandinavian forms: Enouf (Eginwulf), Anfray (Ansfrid), Anfri (Ansfrid), Geffroy (Gerdfrid), Gonfroy (Gunfrid), Rainfroy (Raginfrid), Rioult (Ridwulf). THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN By William J. Sell. Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) By Mrs Mackinnon. Here is information about the battle of Mortlach. We found the information out of a book about Grampian battles. So here’s the information. LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) Infant and childhood life-span It has been estimated that about 17% of the population died in infancy, before reaching five years of age. THE VIKING AGE IN TRONDHEIM A Viking Network Info-sheet. The Viking Age in Trondheim. by Eva Marie Westad and her pupils. A Viking is a Nordic sea warrior, merchant and conqueror, who participated in plundering several countries in the east and the west of Europe in for ex : England, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, the Baltic, Russia and sometimes even all the way down to Constantinople .LINDHOLM HOEJE
A Viking Network Info-sheet: Lindholm Hoeje - a graveyard and a settlement. Line Kristensen, Jeannette Rahmberg, Malene Damborg, Martin Kristensen, Carsten Haugaard, Pernille Gundersen OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Ebeltoft (Denmark) Toft (Lincs), Willitoft (East Riding) Tôtes (Seine-Mar.) vik. cove, creek. Kvívik (Faroes) vik as a place name element is difficult to detect in England as it tends to be obscured by occurrences of the Old English wic (= port, trading place, special place, as in Sandwich). THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. It was in this neighbourhood that, according to John Bellenden, Archdeacon of Moray, 1536, and translator of Hector Boece’s “History of Scotland”, the Battle of Cruden was foughtby
OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
PLACE NAMES FOR LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND SIMILAR Ebeltoft (Denmark) Toft (Lincs), Willitoft (East Riding) Tôtes (Seine-Mar.) vik. cove, creek. Kvívik (Faroes) vik as a place name element is difficult to detect in England as it tends to be obscured by occurrences of the Old English wic (= port, trading place, special place, as in Sandwich). THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. It was in this neighbourhood that, according to John Bellenden, Archdeacon of Moray, 1536, and translator of Hector Boece’s “History of Scotland”, the Battle of Cruden was foughtby
THE VIKINGS IN ORKNEY The Vikings in Orkney. Written for The Viking Network by Thomas Manson. The Islands of Orkney lie north of Scotland, east of Ireland, and west of Norway. That said, it is easy enough to see how, for several centuries, Orkney held a central position in the Viking world. MIKLAGARD (THE GREAT CITY) Miklagard (The Great City) Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul. Huge city walls facing the land and sea met the Vikings when they sailed in to Constantinople mooring at the harbour in the Golden Horn. The city was the largest the Vikings knew of and it is not so strange that the Vikings referred to the city as Miklagard (The Great City).. The great wealth of the city soon made it a tempting prey THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areas NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND The Vikings had to evacuate the North-east of Scotland. During the lifetime of King Malcolm and King Sueno of Denmark, neither country would wage war on the other. The field of battle was to be consecrated and made a burial place for the dead. The Danes as well as the Scots were to receive a decent and honourable burial. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
THE BATTLE OF MORTLACH (DUFFTOWN) The battle of Mortlach was fought in 1010 by King Malcolm the 2nd against the Danes. The Vikings approached from Carron House on Speyside four miles to the West of Duftown and camped at a place called Little Conval, while King Malcolm’s army had come from the East via Glen-fiddich and camped on the other side of the river atAuchindoun.
THE BATTLE OF CRUDEN Cruden Bay is a small village on the North East coast of Scotland just South of Peterhead. The village takes its name from the stream which passes through it. It was in this neighbourhood that, according to John Bellenden, Archdeacon of Moray, 1536, and translator of Hector Boece’s “History of Scotland”, the Battle of Cruden was foughtby
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
LINDHOLM HOEJE
A Viking Network Info-sheet: Lindholm Hoeje - a graveyard and a settlement. Line Kristensen, Jeannette Rahmberg, Malene Damborg, Martin Kristensen, Carsten Haugaard, Pernille Gundersen OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
THE VIKINGS IN NORMANDY: TIMELINE From AD 820 to c. AD 920, the Viking incursions on the lower Seine became more and more frequent, resulting finally in some permanent colonisation. From c. AD 920 to AD 1020 was a consolidation period for Normandy, with the influx of numerous Scandinavian settlers, before turning increasingly to the Kingdom of France. YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
MIKLAGARD (THE GREAT CITY) Miklagard (The Great City) Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul. Huge city walls facing the land and sea met the Vikings when they sailed in to Constantinople mooring at the harbour in the Golden Horn. The city was the largest the Vikings knew of and it is not so strange that the Vikings referred to the city as Miklagard (The Great City).. The great wealth of the city soon made it a tempting prey VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areasVIKING WOMEN
Marriage. Girls were married at the age of 12 -15. They were then expected to run a household. Let’s hope they got some help from the older women in the family! The marriage was agreed between families and was regarded as an alliance between the two families for mutual help and protection. The girl herself had little to say in the matter. NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat PLACE-NAMES IN THE DANELAW Place-name elements. Most English place-names are made up of two elements (though some are three or more). In a two-element name, we call the first part the 'prefix' and the second part the 'suffix'. In The Danelaw, the prefix is often the name of the person who held that settlement. Experts in the history of names can tell us which wereViking
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
OLD NORSE WORDS IN THE NORMAN DIALECT Norman Word Meaning in English Old Norse (origin) acllaumpaer: to tie together, to fix: klampi (hook, peg) acre: acre: akr (field, harvest); åker in N, acker, yacker in Y agrap: bait which is thrown on snowcatch birds
THE VIKINGS AT SEA
DO YOU SPEAK VIKING? The Vikings spoke a language very similar to the language spoken in Germany and the Netherlands at the time. When the Vikings landed their longships in Britain, they had no problems understanding the language of their cousins the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings settled on several of the islands in the North Atlantic, among them the Faeroe Islands and ISTANBUL – “MIKLAGARD” YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the GUTHORM’S INVATION OF WESSEX Guthorm agreed with Alfred to leave the kingdom of Wessex alone and he gave Alfred men from his army to keep as hostages. If Guthorm broke his promise, Alfred could then kill the hostages. This kind of agreement had been made, and broken, before. But Alfred also wanted Guthorm and his men to accept Christianity. DANEGELD – THE VIKINGS AND MONEY IN ENGLAND Instead of fighting the invaders, some English kings preferred to pay the Vikings to leave them in peace. These payments were called ‘Danegeld’ (meaning ‘Dane debt’ or Dane payment). The Vikings collected tribute in other countries too. In Ireland in the 9th century they imposed a tax and slit the noses of anyone unwilling orunable to
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
THE VIKINGS IN NORMANDY: TIMELINE From AD 820 to c. AD 920, the Viking incursions on the lower Seine became more and more frequent, resulting finally in some permanent colonisation. From c. AD 920 to AD 1020 was a consolidation period for Normandy, with the influx of numerous Scandinavian settlers, before turning increasingly to the Kingdom of France. YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in “..be/get on your way” = “Get agate!”) See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something (“arse end of”) Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
MIKLAGARD (THE GREAT CITY) Miklagard (The Great City) Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul. Huge city walls facing the land and sea met the Vikings when they sailed in to Constantinople mooring at the harbour in the Golden Horn. The city was the largest the Vikings knew of and it is not so strange that the Vikings referred to the city as Miklagard (The Great City).. The great wealth of the city soon made it a tempting prey VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND Vikings in the north-East of Scotland. by Bob Watt. Much of the information was found in a book written in 1858 called 'Buchan' by John Pratt. It has been 'spiced up' by including some local folklore. The Vikings had a major influence in the cultural development of Orkney, Shetland, the THE VIKINGS AND THE LAW The very word LAW in English is a Viking word. The English word for a local law, e.g. laws about where you can park cars etc., is "by-law". The word "by" comes from the Scandinavian word for "town". Similarly a local election is called a "by-election". There are no indications that the ' Danelaw ' in England was more lawless than the areasVIKING WOMEN
Marriage. Girls were married at the age of 12 -15. They were then expected to run a household. Let’s hope they got some help from the older women in the family! The marriage was agreed between families and was regarded as an alliance between the two families for mutual help and protection. The girl herself had little to say in the matter. NORMAN FAMILY NAMES OF VIKING ORIGIN Norman family names of Viking origin. Osbern (Gods’, Aesir’s bear, warrior). May be Frankish/Saxon also, from Odalbert (Albert) Brynjolf (Hardened wolf,warrior. Arnulf (wolf eagle). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Godfrid (under God’s protection). May also be Frankish/Saxon. Derivative of Varange (nottom of a boat PLACE-NAMES IN THE DANELAW Place-name elements. Most English place-names are made up of two elements (though some are three or more). In a two-element name, we call the first part the 'prefix' and the second part the 'suffix'. In The Danelaw, the prefix is often the name of the person who held that settlement. Experts in the history of names can tell us which wereViking
LIST OF YORKSHIRE DIALECT WORDS OF OLD NORSE ORIGIN Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin. on the way (as in "..be/get on your way" = "Get agate!") See also gate, below. posterior, bottom, back, behind, buttocks; back of a cart or wagon; back of something ("arse end of") Has now passed into vernacularEnglish usage.
LIFE EXPECTANCY IN JORVIK As this chart shows, 50% of adult men died between 21 and 30 years of age and this may be because of warfare and the generally turbulent times. For women, the risks were in pregnancy and childbirth and 35% of them did not survive beyond 30 years. The 31 to 40 year olds were the 'middle-aged' people of the Viking Age and 50 years of age wouldbe
VIKING.NO
DISCOVER THE WORLD OF THE VIKINGS! Menu Skip to content * About The Viking Network Web * Dr. Arnaud Le Fèvre * The emergence of the Viking Network * The Viking Kings and Earls * Canute (Knud) The Great* Eric the Red
* Harald Hardrada
* Leif Ericsson
* Olav Haraldsson – Olav the Stout – Olav the Saint* Olav in Novgorod
* Olav tears down London Bridge * Ongendus – The Danish King* Dannevirke
* The Powerful Frankish Kings * The Viking Travels* A Viking Raid
* Belgium and The Netherlands* Canada
* England
* Guthorm’s Invation of Wessex* London
* Estonia
* Olaf Tryggvasons captivity in Estonia * The Voyage of the Norwegians Torulf and Egil To Estonia in 925* Finland
* France – Nordmandy * Place names based on a Scandinavian personal name element * Place names for landscape features and similar * The 10th century foundation of the Duchy of Normandy * The assertion of Norman power * The first Vikings in Normandy * The Scandinavian contribution in Normandy* Timeline
* Iceland
* Reykjavik
* Ireland
* Cork and Kilnamartyra* Dublin
* Irish words which have come from Old Norse * King Maelseachlann * The battle of Clontarf * Viking Placenames in Ireland* Wexford
* Isle of Man
* Istanbul – “Miklagard” * North America – “Vinland” * Helluland and Markland* Mound Builders
* Thorvald’s Rock
* Norway: Up and down the coast * Othere’s Voyage to the White Sea* Orkney Islands
* Literature of the Vikings in Orkney * Placenames in Orkney* Russia
* The Kremlin treasure* Scotland
* Largs
* The Battle of Cruden * The Battle of Mortlach (Dufftown) * The North-East of Scotland* Spain
* The Faroes
* Ólavsøka (The Olavs-festival) in the Faroe Islands* The Viking Ship
* The Vikings at Sea * How to sail from Norway to Greenland * Bjarni Herjólfsson* Nature can tell
* Wind
* Navigation Instruments * Othere’s Voyage to the White Sea* Viking Trade
* The Vikings and Money* Wales
* York – “Jorvik” * Eboracum – Eoforwic (Jorvik/York) * Health and hygiene * Jorvik (York) – Site and Situation * Jorvik (York) – who Ruled it and When? * Jorvik (York) and the five boroughs of the Danelaw * Jorvik (York) as a Religious Centre * Jorvik (York) as a Trading Centre * Life Expectancy in Viking Age Jorvik (York) * Metalworking and the Smith * What people ate and drank in Jorvik (York) * What was made in Viking Age Jorvik (York)? * Yorkshire Dialect Words of Old Norse Origin* The Viking World
* Kaupang in Skiringsal * Mythology – The Viking Gods * Blot (a sacrifice) * From a midwinter celebration to a Christian feast * The Vikings and the Law* Danelaw
* England and the Danelaw * Danegeld – The Vikings and money in England * Recovering The Danelaw * The Treaty of Wedmore * Place-names in The Danelaw * Scandinavian take-over of estates in The Danelaw * Scandinavian terms for landscape features in the Danelaw * The Danelaw – population, culture and heritage* Timeline
* The Vikings
* The Vikings in Scandinavia* Denmark
* Dendrological Studies * Kovirke – Fortress of Mighty Oak and Earth * Where Jutland is at its narrowest * The World of the Vikings – map * Who were the vikings?* Everyday life
* Clothes
* Food
* Hnefnatafl – The Viking Board Game* Language
* Samples of Viking language* Music
* I Dreamed a Dream
* Musical Instruments * The Jorvik Pan Flute * Types of Viking music * Viking music on Iceland * Vikings and their music * Poetry – Haavamaal * Poetic Meter in Haavamaal* Sports
* The Longhouse
* Viking Women
* Weather Aspects of Viking Life * Air masses which affect the Baltic and Skaggarack * Basin Information, Current and their effects* Clouds
* Definitions
* Fjords
* Fog
* Land and sea breezes* Miscelleaneous
* Sea Ice
* Terrain Features which affect Baltic weather * The use of climatology by the Vikings* Thunderstorms
* Weather proverbs
* Runes
* The Calendar of the Vikings * The Vikings meet Christianity * The Viking Heritage * Do you speak Viking? * Irish words which have come from Old Norse* Placenames
* The Viking Linguistic Heritage * Norman family names of Viking origin * Old Norse Words in the Norman Dialect * Place names in England * Placenames in Russia * Some Family names based on the craft of the Metalworking Smith * The Normandy-Yorkshire Linguistic Connection * Viking Given NamesSearch for:
THE VIKINGS
_WHAT IS MYTH? WHAT IS FACT? DID THE VIKINGS HAVE HORNS ON THEIR HELMETS? WHY NOT? WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT? WHAT HAVE THEY LEFT BEHIND? THE VIKING NETWORK WEB TRIES TO ANSWER THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS. THIS IS A GREAT PLACE TO START EXPLORING THE VIKINGS!_VIKING VISITS
The Vikings were great travelers, both raiding
, trading
and settling
in other lands . From Norway,Denmark and Sweden
they spread through Europe and the North Atlantic in the period of vigorous Scandinavian expansion (AD 800-1050)known as the Viking
Age.
Behind them they left a legacy not only of archaeological remains, but also of family names, place
names and field
names. Their “remains” can be found in language, local dialectsand
customs, in folk tales and oral traditions, and of course in the genetic make up of the local people themselves.THE VIKING SHIP
The development of the Viking ship, made this
expansion possible. With its flexible hull and its keel and sail, the Viking ship was far superior to ships and boats used by other peoplesat the time.
PAGANS – CHRISTIANS Originally pagan worshipersof Thor and Odin
,
many became Christians, and during the 10th century they broughtChristianity
back to Scandinavia.EVERYDAY LIFE
Of course the Vikings didn’t spend all their time raiding and trading. From the everyday lifepage you
can find information on such things as what the Vikings ate, what
games
and sports
they
played, the clothes
they wore etc.
Last updated: 3rd January, 2016, 5:42 PM This post is also available in: Norwegian Bokmål LEAVE A REPLY CANCEL REPLY You must be logged into post a comment.
This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data isprocessed .
LANGUAGES
* English
* Norsk bokmål
Proudly powered by WordPress* English
* Norsk bokmål
Details
Copyright © 2024 ArchiveBay.com. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | DMCA | 2021 | Feedback | Advertising | RSS 2.0