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RESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. BUTTERFLY’S GUIDE TO SURVIVAL: UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMIDITY Survival of the fittest has been the norm in nature. Every organism that has to survive, has to find ways to escape from its predators or develop skills to adapt to the adversities of its environment. But, how does the immobile and defenseless pupa of a butterfly survive from being caught by predators? A new study has now explored strategies used by the pupa during its A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
HOW DO TARO LEAVES REPEL WATER? In a recent study, researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) have examined how the structure of leaves of the taro plant (Colocasia esculenta) helps in PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Pangolins, also called scaly anteaters, are nocturnal mammals found in parts of Asia and Africa. Thanks to reckless hunting all over the world, including in India, these beautiful creatures now have the unfortunate distinction of being the world’s mostRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. BUTTERFLY’S GUIDE TO SURVIVAL: UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMIDITY Survival of the fittest has been the norm in nature. Every organism that has to survive, has to find ways to escape from its predators or develop skills to adapt to the adversities of its environment. But, how does the immobile and defenseless pupa of a butterfly survive from being caught by predators? A new study has now explored strategies used by the pupa during its A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
HOW DO TARO LEAVES REPEL WATER? In a recent study, researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) have examined how the structure of leaves of the taro plant (Colocasia esculenta) helps in PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Pangolins, also called scaly anteaters, are nocturnal mammals found in parts of Asia and Africa. Thanks to reckless hunting all over the world, including in India, these beautiful creatures now have the unfortunate distinction of being the world’s mostRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Eyes are one of the most complex organs found in animals. Through evolution the eyes of animals have evolved to suit some needs better than others. Some animals can see the world in 3D, while some others can see in the dark. Animals living in places where the light doesn’t reach like caves, can’t use their eye and hence have primitive eyes. Researchers from Institute for Stem Cell Biology RESEARCHERS DESCRIBE A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF RAIN Researchers from NCBS, NHM, WII, Mizoram University, Pachunga University College, and IISc have documented a new genus and species of Natricine snake from Northeast India. A HERBAL REMEDY TO FIGHT BOTULINUM, THE MOST POISONOUS Bringing a great relief to food lovers, particularly fans of processed foods, scientists from the USA and India have reported having found a herbal compound to fight botulinum, the most poisonous bacterial toxin that causes food poisoning. The study was published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.The lethal botulinum toxins are produced by the bacteria THE IMPACT OF HYDROLOGICAL BARRIERS ON FISH SPECIES Dams and other hydrological barriers are essential for the production of hydroelectricity and to direct water to water-deficient areas. But the presence of these structures are known to interfere with the ecology of the river, affecting the flora and fauna inhabiting it. The western ghats of India are home to many endemic fish species which are affected by these hydrological TOWARDS A BETTER CURE FOR NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES How many tropical diseases do you know of? Malaria, dengue and sleeping sickness immediately come to mind. Maybe leprosy, if you think hard enough. But, many of us may not have heard of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a less dangerous but much more prevalent cousin of kala azar or black fever. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by the protozoan Leishmania parasites which are WHY DO SOME FLIES DISPERSE MORE THAN OTHERS? Researchers from IISER Pune, have reported that environment and evolution can influence the ‘dispersal syndrome’ in fruit flies. This study was supported by the DST, Government of India. CAPTIVE BIG CATS SHOW STRESS IN DIFFERENT WAYS Captivity and confinement has had devastating effects on humans and the same can be true in the case of wild animals, especially the big cats. In this new study, scientists observe the hormones produced by captive big cats, like the Bengal Tiger or Leopard, to measure the amount of stress they endure during captivity. The study also throws light on stereotypy - a coping DO ANIMALS HAVE MINDS? Do animals have consciousness and free will? Are they capable of making informed decisions or do they merely act out based on instinct?A unique interaction and discussion took place at the National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Bangalore, on 14th of February on “Animal Minds”. The session consisted of a philosophical enquiry into the minds or the lack thereof, of non-humananimals
RESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. THE SORRY TALE OF SNAKEBITES IN INDIA The analysis shows that deaths due to snakebites in India, between 2001-2014, stood at about 808,000—amounting to about 4.8 deaths per 100,000 people. Those in the age group of 30-69 years accounted for nearly half of the total deaths. These numbers show that the average risk of an Indian dying from snakebite prematurely before age 70 is HOW DO TARO LEAVES REPEL WATER? The flakes and honeycomb-like cavities, in essence, help in providing the water-repelling effect. The researchers manufactured a new hydrophobic surface by building hexagonal cavities of varying sizes out of an epoxy-based polymer on silicon, mimicking the taro leaf. Since over 70% of the polygons in the taro leaves were hexagons, theychose
MIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 for A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS A new approach to classify urban coastal areas. Chinmayi T. S. Read time: 5 mins. Mumbai Jun 27, 2018, (Research Matters): IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
LUNGS MAY STILL HAVE SCARS LEFT BEHIND BY TUBERCULOSIS Lungs may still have scars left behind by tuberculosis, shows study. The mere mention of tuberculosis scares many, considering it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Though the disease is curable by multi-drug therapy, increasing cases of drug-resistance in the causative bacteria remains a public health crisis. BUTTERFLY’S GUIDE TO SURVIVAL: UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMIDITY Survival of the fittest has been the norm in nature. Every organism that has to survive, has to find ways to escape from its predators or develop skills to adapt to the adversities of its environment. But, how does the immobile and defenseless pupa of a butterfly survive from being caught by predators? A new study has now explored strategies used by the pupa during its CHILDREN OF MIGRANT CONSTRUCTION WORKERS FACE A DISRUPTED Children of migrant construction workers face a disrupted quality of life. Infants require the highest level of nutrition for healthy growth and development. A four-month-old child, for example, uses 30% of its consumed food for growth. Adequate intake of minerals, like calcium and potassium, are known to be conducive to their wholesomediet.
RESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. THE SORRY TALE OF SNAKEBITES IN INDIA The analysis shows that deaths due to snakebites in India, between 2001-2014, stood at about 808,000—amounting to about 4.8 deaths per 100,000 people. Those in the age group of 30-69 years accounted for nearly half of the total deaths. These numbers show that the average risk of an Indian dying from snakebite prematurely before age 70 is HOW DO TARO LEAVES REPEL WATER? The flakes and honeycomb-like cavities, in essence, help in providing the water-repelling effect. The researchers manufactured a new hydrophobic surface by building hexagonal cavities of varying sizes out of an epoxy-based polymer on silicon, mimicking the taro leaf. Since over 70% of the polygons in the taro leaves were hexagons, theychose
MIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 for A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS A new approach to classify urban coastal areas. Chinmayi T. S. Read time: 5 mins. Mumbai Jun 27, 2018, (Research Matters): IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
LUNGS MAY STILL HAVE SCARS LEFT BEHIND BY TUBERCULOSIS Lungs may still have scars left behind by tuberculosis, shows study. The mere mention of tuberculosis scares many, considering it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Though the disease is curable by multi-drug therapy, increasing cases of drug-resistance in the causative bacteria remains a public health crisis. BUTTERFLY’S GUIDE TO SURVIVAL: UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMIDITY Survival of the fittest has been the norm in nature. Every organism that has to survive, has to find ways to escape from its predators or develop skills to adapt to the adversities of its environment. But, how does the immobile and defenseless pupa of a butterfly survive from being caught by predators? A new study has now explored strategies used by the pupa during its CHILDREN OF MIGRANT CONSTRUCTION WORKERS FACE A DISRUPTED Children of migrant construction workers face a disrupted quality of life. Infants require the highest level of nutrition for healthy growth and development. A four-month-old child, for example, uses 30% of its consumed food for growth. Adequate intake of minerals, like calcium and potassium, are known to be conducive to their wholesomediet.
RESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. DYE | RESEARCH MATTERS Researchers have studied the characteristics of a natural dye extracted from Indigofera tinctoria leaves. WELCOME AJIT, A ‘MADE IN INDIA’ MICROPROCESSOR Welcome AJIT, a ‘Made in India’ Microprocessor. Researchers at IIT Bombay develop the country’s first indigenously designed and fabricated microprocessor. India’s electronics market is in its biggest boom ever. Fuelled by the demand for electronic devices, it A HERBAL REMEDY TO FIGHT BOTULINUM, THE MOST POISONOUS Bringing a great relief to food lovers, particularly fans of processed foods, scientists from the USA and India have reported having found a herbal compound to fight botulinum, the most poisonous bacterial toxin that causes food poisoning. The study was published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.The lethal botulinum toxins are produced by the bacteria A NEW APPROACH TO CLASSIFY URBAN COASTAL AREAS A new approach to classify urban coastal areas. Chinmayi T. S. Read time: 5 mins. Mumbai Jun 27, 2018, (Research Matters): IIT Bombay study proposal to account for ecological sensitivity to help developmental and planning authorities. The recent homecoming of the olive ridley turtles highlighted how Indian coasts are hotspots tomigratory animals.
DO ANIMALS HAVE MINDS? Do animals have consciousness and free will? Are they capable of making informed decisions or do they merely act out based on instinct?A unique interaction and discussion took place at the National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Bangalore, on 14th of February on “Animal Minds”. The session consisted of a philosophical enquiry into the minds or the lack thereof, of non-humananimals
INDIA TOPS THE LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH HIGHEST ANTIBIOTIC Antibiotics, drugs used to treat bacterial infections, have been pivotal in curing many bacterial diseases since its discovery in 1928. However, an emerging threat to using them is the rise of bacterial strains that are resistant to antibiotics. In a recent study, a team of researchers have used Drug Resistance Index (DRI) to measure the effectiveness of antibiotics against specific bacteria. RESEARCHERS DESCRIBE A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF RAIN ‘Ruahlawmrul’—as the locals call it—is a rain-loving snake currently known only from Aizawl, the capital of Mizoram. In English, it is known as the Mizo rain snake for its love for rain. FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Flatworms have more complex vision than previously thought, find researchers. Humans have remarkably sophisticated eyes. We view the world as a high-definition color movie in three dimensions. We also rapidly process what we see, since 40% of our brain is devoted to vision. Even as you are reading this article, your eyes and brain are THE IMPACT OF HYDROLOGICAL BARRIERS ON FISH SPECIES Dams and other hydrological barriers are essential for the production of hydroelectricity and to direct water to water-deficient areas. But the presence of these structures are known to interfere with the ecology of the river, affecting the flora and fauna inhabiting it. The western ghats of India are home to many endemic fish species which are affected by these hydrologicalRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Flatworms have more complex vision than previously thought, find researchers. Humans have remarkably sophisticated eyes. We view the world as a high-definition color movie in three dimensions. We also rapidly process what we see, since 40% of our brain is devoted to vision. Even as you are reading this article, your eyes and brain are PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 forMIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic HOW DO AEROSOLS AFFECT THE INDIAN MONSOON? The result is a large convective tower cloud that brings heavy rainfall. Thus, the presence of high amounts of aerosols during the monsoon months lead to the formation of taller clouds with a large number of ice particles and, eventually, heavier rainfall. The researchers of the current study, in their analysis of the satellitedata, found that
POWER VS. ELECTRICITY Power is defined as energy consumed per unit time, energy meaning the capability to do work. It is measured in Watts. However, we define power as the energy produced by various means. This is where the difference between power and electricity becomes distorted. Electricity is also a power as it is produced by electrical means. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER TWO ENDEMIC TERMITE SPECIES IN THE In a recent study, scientists have discovered two new species in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. To date, this group of termites has been documented only in the Western Ghats of India. The termite species were named after Sri K.A. Dineshan and Sri. Manikandan Nair of the Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, who collected the samples from the field and contributed greatly SCIENTISTS EXPLORE ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL The allopathic system of medicine that treats symptoms of diseases using drugs came into existence in the 19th century. Before that, traditional medicines were common in many Asian countries, including India. A common drawback of allopathic medications is their undesired side effects caused by the adverse reactions of specific drug compounds with parts of our body. CAPTIVE BIG CATS SHOW STRESS IN DIFFERENT WAYS Captivity and confinement has had devastating effects on humans and the same can be true in the case of wild animals, especially the big cats. In this new study, scientists observe the hormones produced by captive big cats, like the Bengal Tiger or Leopard, to measure the amount of stress they endure during captivity. The study also throws light on stereotypy - a copingRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Flatworms have more complex vision than previously thought, find researchers. Humans have remarkably sophisticated eyes. We view the world as a high-definition color movie in three dimensions. We also rapidly process what we see, since 40% of our brain is devoted to vision. Even as you are reading this article, your eyes and brain are PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 forMIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic HOW DO AEROSOLS AFFECT THE INDIAN MONSOON? The result is a large convective tower cloud that brings heavy rainfall. Thus, the presence of high amounts of aerosols during the monsoon months lead to the formation of taller clouds with a large number of ice particles and, eventually, heavier rainfall. The researchers of the current study, in their analysis of the satellitedata, found that
POWER VS. ELECTRICITY Power is defined as energy consumed per unit time, energy meaning the capability to do work. It is measured in Watts. However, we define power as the energy produced by various means. This is where the difference between power and electricity becomes distorted. Electricity is also a power as it is produced by electrical means. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER TWO ENDEMIC TERMITE SPECIES IN THE In a recent study, scientists have discovered two new species in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. To date, this group of termites has been documented only in the Western Ghats of India. The termite species were named after Sri K.A. Dineshan and Sri. Manikandan Nair of the Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, who collected the samples from the field and contributed greatly SCIENTISTS EXPLORE ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL The allopathic system of medicine that treats symptoms of diseases using drugs came into existence in the 19th century. Before that, traditional medicines were common in many Asian countries, including India. A common drawback of allopathic medications is their undesired side effects caused by the adverse reactions of specific drug compounds with parts of our body. CAPTIVE BIG CATS SHOW STRESS IN DIFFERENT WAYS Captivity and confinement has had devastating effects on humans and the same can be true in the case of wild animals, especially the big cats. In this new study, scientists observe the hormones produced by captive big cats, like the Bengal Tiger or Leopard, to measure the amount of stress they endure during captivity. The study also throws light on stereotypy - a copingRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. DYE | RESEARCH MATTERS Researchers have studied the characteristics of a natural dye extracted from Indigofera tinctoria leaves. COULD LESSONS IN CONTROLLING KALA-AZAR GUIDE OUR RESPONSE A sandfly taking a blood meal through human skin. The current COVID-19 pandemic has shown how unprepared we are in handling a global crisis. In many parts of the world, it has relentlessly exposed the inefficiencies and misplaced priorities ofpolicy-makers.
A HERBAL REMEDY TO FIGHT BOTULINUM, THE MOST POISONOUS Bringing a great relief to food lovers, particularly fans of processed foods, scientists from the USA and India have reported having found a herbal compound to fight botulinum, the most poisonous bacterial toxin that causes food poisoning. The study was published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.The lethal botulinum toxins are produced by the bacteria TOXIC POLLUTANTS IN THE AIR ARE TAKING THE TOLL ON For years, chemicals in pesticides were thought to be the culprits, leading to the mass death of insects. Now, a new study has found that toxic pollutants in the air are equally responsible for this misery. Much like in humans, polluted air is affecting the survival, behaviour, health and genes of pollinating insects, honey bees in thiscase.
YOGA - THE SCIENCE OF HOLISTIC LIVING Yoga is considered to be India’s gift of goodness and health to the world. With millions of people around the world having benefitted by regular practice, yoga indeed has changed several lives for the good. On this International Day of Yoga, here is all you need to know about the history, the scientific basis for Yoga and some of the benefits realised by those who practice Yoga regularly. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER TWO ENDEMIC TERMITE SPECIES IN THE In a recent study, scientists have discovered two new species in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. To date, this group of termites has been documented only in the Western Ghats of India. The termite species were named after Sri K.A. Dineshan and Sri. Manikandan Nair of the Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, who collected the samples from the field and contributed greatly ANDAMAN SEA INFLUENCES CURRENTS IN BAY OF BENGAL The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a group of islands and a Indian union territory situated 1200 kms from the easternmost boundary of the Indian peninsula. Although some distance from the mainland, scientists have now found evidence for the effects the islands and the surrounding Andaman sea have on the climate on the mainland. Using satellite data and computer simulations, SCIENTISTS EXPLORE ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL The allopathic system of medicine that treats symptoms of diseases using drugs came into existence in the 19th century. Before that, traditional medicines were common in many Asian countries, including India. A common drawback of allopathic medications is their undesired side effects caused by the adverse reactions of specific drug compounds with parts of our body. ARUNACHAL PRADESH A TREASURE TROVE OF BUMBLEBEES, FINDS Arunachal Pradesh a treasure trove of bumblebees, finds study. In the high elevations of the Himalayas, bumblebees are important pollinators for many wild and agricultural plants. These fuzzy bees are adapted to cold climates and play a crucial ecological role in a landscape that is not comfortably habitable for many other insects.RESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Flatworms have more complex vision than previously thought, find researchers. Humans have remarkably sophisticated eyes. We view the world as a high-definition color movie in three dimensions. We also rapidly process what we see, since 40% of our brain is devoted to vision. Even as you are reading this article, your eyes and brain are PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 forMIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic HOW DO AEROSOLS AFFECT THE INDIAN MONSOON? The result is a large convective tower cloud that brings heavy rainfall. Thus, the presence of high amounts of aerosols during the monsoon months lead to the formation of taller clouds with a large number of ice particles and, eventually, heavier rainfall. The researchers of the current study, in their analysis of the satellitedata, found that
POWER VS. ELECTRICITY Power is defined as energy consumed per unit time, energy meaning the capability to do work. It is measured in Watts. However, we define power as the energy produced by various means. This is where the difference between power and electricity becomes distorted. Electricity is also a power as it is produced by electrical means. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER TWO ENDEMIC TERMITE SPECIES IN THE In a recent study, scientists have discovered two new species in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. To date, this group of termites has been documented only in the Western Ghats of India. The termite species were named after Sri K.A. Dineshan and Sri. Manikandan Nair of the Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, who collected the samples from the field and contributed greatly SCIENTISTS EXPLORE ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL The allopathic system of medicine that treats symptoms of diseases using drugs came into existence in the 19th century. Before that, traditional medicines were common in many Asian countries, including India. A common drawback of allopathic medications is their undesired side effects caused by the adverse reactions of specific drug compounds with parts of our body. CAPTIVE BIG CATS SHOW STRESS IN DIFFERENT WAYS Captivity and confinement has had devastating effects on humans and the same can be true in the case of wild animals, especially the big cats. In this new study, scientists observe the hormones produced by captive big cats, like the Bengal Tiger or Leopard, to measure the amount of stress they endure during captivity. The study also throws light on stereotypy - a copingRESEARCH MATTERS
Research based news stories & highlights in science, engineering, technology & humanities in India. FLATWORMS HAVE MORE COMPLEX VISION THAN PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT Flatworms have more complex vision than previously thought, find researchers. Humans have remarkably sophisticated eyes. We view the world as a high-definition color movie in three dimensions. We also rapidly process what we see, since 40% of our brain is devoted to vision. Even as you are reading this article, your eyes and brain are PLANTING NATIVE TREES HELP DEGRADED RAINFOREST RECOVER Did you know that the world has lost over half of its tropical forests due to logging for commercial plantations, forest fires and diseases, since 1960? Currently, it is known that nearly 8 million hectares of tropical forests are lost per year, severely affecting biodiversity, as tropical forests are home to over half of global biodiversity, and impacting the lives of 1.6 billion people. PANGOLIN HUNTING IN ASSAM: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND Killing a pangolin means a lot for a poor tribal hunter. The price of pangolin scales ranged between 10,000 and 20,000 INR per kg. “Our results suggested that commercial gain has supplanted traditional use as the primary driver for pangolin hunting. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn Rs 9,000 forMIRA MURALI
Writer. I did my BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering in Chennai. I'll be pursuing my MS in ECE at Carnegie Mellon University soon and I hope to specialise in Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV). I'm fascinated by the area of Artificial Intelligence and am keen on delving further into the application of ML to robotic HOW DO AEROSOLS AFFECT THE INDIAN MONSOON? The result is a large convective tower cloud that brings heavy rainfall. Thus, the presence of high amounts of aerosols during the monsoon months lead to the formation of taller clouds with a large number of ice particles and, eventually, heavier rainfall. The researchers of the current study, in their analysis of the satellitedata, found that
POWER VS. ELECTRICITY Power is defined as energy consumed per unit time, energy meaning the capability to do work. It is measured in Watts. However, we define power as the energy produced by various means. This is where the difference between power and electricity becomes distorted. Electricity is also a power as it is produced by electrical means. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER TWO ENDEMIC TERMITE SPECIES IN THE In a recent study, scientists have discovered two new species in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. To date, this group of termites has been documented only in the Western Ghats of India. The termite species were named after Sri K.A. Dineshan and Sri. Manikandan Nair of the Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, who collected the samples from the field and contributed greatly SCIENTISTS EXPLORE ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL The allopathic system of medicine that treats symptoms of diseases using drugs came into existence in the 19th century. Before that, traditional medicines were common in many Asian countries, including India. A common drawback of allopathic medications is their undesired side effects caused by the adverse reactions of specific drug compounds with parts of our body. CAPTIVE BIG CATS SHOW STRESS IN DIFFERENT WAYS Captivity and confinement has had devastating effects on humans and the same can be true in the case of wild animals, especially the big cats. In this new study, scientists observe the hormones produced by captive big cats, like the Bengal Tiger or Leopard, to measure the amount of stress they endure during captivity. The study also throws light on stereotypy - a coping DYE | RESEARCH MATTERS Researchers have studied the characteristics of a natural dye extracted from Indigofera tinctoria leaves. TOXIC ELEMENTS, RELEASED SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION In the 18th and 19th century, Britain was abuzz with cranking steam engines, rattling power looms, and clattering machines. Amidst this daily ding, the world was witnessing a defining movement in human history—the Industrial Revolution—that soon spread to the rest of Western Europe. Powered by coal, the production of most things transitioned from hand to machine, spurring a COULD LESSONS IN CONTROLLING KALA-AZAR GUIDE OUR RESPONSE A sandfly taking a blood meal through human skin. The current COVID-19 pandemic has shown how unprepared we are in handling a global crisis. In many parts of the world, it has relentlessly exposed the inefficiencies and misplaced priorities ofpolicy-makers.
THE SCIENCE BEHIND MILK India is the world’s largest milk producer and it produced 140 million tonnes of milk just last year. Though we know the milk comes from bovines (cows and buffaloes), how exactly is it produced in mammals?All mammals have the ability to secrete milk to nurture and feed their young ones. The mammalian DNA contains specific genes that code for milk synthesis, production and THE LAWS OF ELECTROMAGNETISM AT THE SCALE OF A FEW ATOMS The laws of electromagnetism at the scale of a few atoms. Physicists discovered the relationship between electricity and magnetism more than a century ago. The intricate relationship between these entities, previously thought to be separate, currently goes by the name ‘electromagnetism’. It largely governs the world in which we live. TOXIC POLLUTANTS IN THE AIR ARE TAKING THE TOLL ON For years, chemicals in pesticides were thought to be the culprits, leading to the mass death of insects. Now, a new study has found that toxic pollutants in the air are equally responsible for this misery. Much like in humans, polluted air is affecting the survival, behaviour, health and genes of pollinating insects, honey bees in thiscase.
WEEDY RICE VS. CULTIVATED RICE: RESEARCHERS FIND OUT THE In a recent study published in the journal Scientific Reports, researchers from the Jawaharlal Nehru University, India, and Louisiana State University, USA, have analysed the differences in the genome of a variety of weedy rice, with that of two cultivated rice varieties. Weedy rice, as the name suggests, is a variety of rice that grows like weed in paddy fields. FIRST-EVER HOMINOID APE FOSSILS DISCOVERED IN PENINSULAR This is the first-ever discovery of a Sivapithecus fossil outside the Siwaliks. “This is a landmark discovery which represents a significant southern range extension of Miocene hominoids in the Indian peninsula. It is the farthest south that it has been found. This finding, almost 1000 km south of Siwaliks has increased thegeographic range
ANDAMAN SEA INFLUENCES CURRENTS IN BAY OF BENGAL The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a group of islands and a Indian union territory situated 1200 kms from the easternmost boundary of the Indian peninsula. Although some distance from the mainland, scientists have now found evidence for the effects the islands and the surrounding Andaman sea have on the climate on the mainland. Using satellite data and computer simulations, BUTTERFLY’S GUIDE TO SURVIVAL: UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMIDITY Survival of the fittest has been the norm in nature. Every organism that has to survive, has to find ways to escape from its predators or develop skills to adapt to the adversities of its environment. But, how does the immobile and defenseless pupa of a butterfly survive from being caught by predators? A new study has now explored strategies used by the pupa during its Skip to main content__
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FUNDAMENTAL AND DERIVED LAWS IN MULTISCALE SYSTEMSBy Mahendra
Verma
Bengaluru / May 1, 2020 This article is a tribute to Phillip Anderson, who passed away on March 29, 2020. Besides his pioneering works in condensed-matter physics, he also wrote extensively on the theme of reductionism andmultiscale physics.
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