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SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
THE STUFF OF SOCIAL CLASS From p. 185 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. Cultural capital can exist in three forms: in the embodied state. 3 Embodied capital refers to cultural capital that cannot be separated from the person who holds it. Put simply, it is a part of our very physical being. One example is language, which can confer certain advantages if it signalssomething
NETWORK SOCIETY
Castells argues that globalization is a network of production, culture, and power that is constantly shaped by advances in technology, which range from communications technologies to genetic engineering. Castells suggests that the rules of global capitalismhave
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for the BLACK FEMINIST EPISTEMOLOGY The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
THE STUFF OF SOCIAL CLASS From p. 185 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. Cultural capital can exist in three forms: in the embodied state. 3 Embodied capital refers to cultural capital that cannot be separated from the person who holds it. Put simply, it is a part of our very physical being. One example is language, which can confer certain advantages if it signalssomething
NETWORK SOCIETY
Castells argues that globalization is a network of production, culture, and power that is constantly shaped by advances in technology, which range from communications technologies to genetic engineering. Castells suggests that the rules of global capitalismhave
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for the BLACK FEMINIST EPISTEMOLOGY The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was without question the most eminent American sociological theorist of the 1940s and 1950s. Parsons synthesized the classical theoretical ideas of Weber, Durkheim, and Vilfredo Pareto to develop (with Edward Shils) his “action theory.”. Parsons’s action theory focused on the integration ofsocial structural
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for theSOCIAL FORMS
Social Forms. In everyday social life, we often focus on the content of our social interactions with others—for example, “what is the right thing way to react to my boss’ outlandish work demands?” or “what the heck was my husband thinking when he said that to me?”But, for Simmel, the task of the sociologist was less about looking at the contents that distinguish types of social SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED The thinking of the Frankfurt School was heavily shaped by three key historical events: (1) the failure of the working-class revolution that Marx had predicted in Western Europe, (2) the rise of Nazism and (3) the expansion of capitalism into a new, “mass” form of production and consumption, often referred to as “Fordism” afterthe
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED From p. 428 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. Placing U.S. Black women’s experiences in the center of analysis without privileging those experiences shows how intersectional paradigms can be especially important for rethinking the particular matrix of domination The matrix of domination, according to Collins, refers to how power is organized through overlapping or interlocking systems of MERTON, ROBERT. 1957. SOCIAL THEORY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE Merton’s classic outlines the foundations for a functionalist sociology. Includes his classic work on manifest and latent functions, an excellent companion to the work of Parsons and Shils. STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALISM C. Wright Mills. C. Wright Mills (1916–1962) was perhaps the most vocal and powerful critic of the structural–functionalist approach to sociology that was dominant in the mid-twentieth century. Mills was a critical sociologist in the vein of Marx and the Frankfurt School, and felt that American sociological theory in the 1940s and 1950s was SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Émile Durkheim. Émile Durkheim (1858–1917) was born in the northeastern French town of Épinal. He came from a long line of French Jews, though he would only go to rabbinical school for a few years before denouncing religion. Always a gifted student, Durkheim entered the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in 1879, studyingthe classics
SEEING OUR SELF AS AN OBJECT, ONLINE From p. 454 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. It is the characteristic of the self as an object to itself that I want to bring out. This characteristic is represented in the word “self,” which is a reflexive, and indicates that which can be both subject and object. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In itPOWER/KNOWLEDGE
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for theSACRED AND PROFANE
Sacred and Profane. For Durkheim, religion is about the separation of the sacred from the profane. The sacred refers to those collective representations that are set apart from society, or that which transcends the humdrum of everyday life. The profane, on the other hand, is everything else, all those mundane things like our jobs, ourbills
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In itPOWER/KNOWLEDGE
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for theSACRED AND PROFANE
Sacred and Profane. For Durkheim, religion is about the separation of the sacred from the profane. The sacred refers to those collective representations that are set apart from society, or that which transcends the humdrum of everyday life. The profane, on the other hand, is everything else, all those mundane things like our jobs, ourbills
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Profiles. In the spirit of contemporary social networking sites, we have designed individual “profiles” for each theorist (e.g., Weber) or school of thought (e.g., the Frankfurt School). These pages include a wealth of information ranging from biographical details and key concepts to external web content. We also introduce readers toSOCIAL FORMS
Social Forms. In everyday social life, we often focus on the content of our social interactions with others—for example, “what is the right thing way to react to my boss’ outlandish work demands?” or “what the heck was my husband thinking when he said that to me?”But, for Simmel, the task of the sociologist was less about looking at the contents that distinguish types of social SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Networks of Capital. This section begins with Karl Marx coming to grips with capitalism and the emerging class-based social order. The introductory essay, entitled “Salvaging What Wall Street Left Behind,” invites us to ponder what Marx might have said about the recent global financial crisis and one of its key culprits—creditdefault swaps.
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED The thinking of the Frankfurt School was heavily shaped by three key historical events: (1) the failure of the working-class revolution that Marx had predicted in Western Europe, (2) the rise of Nazism and (3) the expansion of capitalism into a new, “mass” form of production and consumption, often referred to as “Fordism” afterthe
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED According to this NPR report, Black women have, on average, a net worth of $100 dollars (and a median net worth of $5) compared to an average net worth of $41,000 for White women. Black women have also experienced a disproportionate decline in jobs since the beginning of the most recent U.S. recession compared to White women.DISENCHANTMENT
Biography: Max Weber (1864–1920) was born in Erfurt, Germany. The eldest of seven children, Max was a precocious but sickly child, suffering from meningitis at an early age, a disease with long-lasting side effects such as insomnia and anxiety that bothered Weber throughout his life. His father, Max Sr., was a free-wheeling,controlling
LIQUID MODERNITY
Modernity and Morality. Bauman’s personal experience with anti-Semitism and his later research on the Holocaust led him to question whether modern forms of social organization and rationality, often championed as signs of human progress, actually undercut moral obligation and responsibility. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Biography. George Herbert Mead (1863–1931) was born in South Hadley, Massachusetts to a successfully middle-class and intellectual family. His father, Hiram, was a pastor and a chair of theology at Oberlin College and his mother, Elizabeth, served asREVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for thePOWER/KNOWLEDGE
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for thePOWER/KNOWLEDGE
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL FORMS
Social Forms. In everyday social life, we often focus on the content of our social interactions with others—for example, “what is the right thing way to react to my boss’ outlandish work demands?” or “what the heck was my husband thinking when he said that to me?”But, for Simmel, the task of the sociologist was less about looking at the contents that distinguish types of social SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was without question the most eminent American sociological theorist of the 1940s and 1950s. Parsons synthesized the classical theoretical ideas of Weber, Durkheim, and Vilfredo Pareto to develop (with Edward Shils) his “action theory.”. Parsons’s action theory focused on the integration ofsocial structural
SACRED AND PROFANE
Sacred and Profane. For Durkheim, religion is about the separation of the sacred from the profane. The sacred refers to those collective representations that are set apart from society, or that which transcends the humdrum of everyday life. The profane, on the other hand, is everything else, all those mundane things like our jobs, ourbills
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED 2. Like Marx, Wallerstein contends that the capitalist world-system is built upon two important contradictions that will eventually lead to its demise. What are they? 3. Wallerstein is relatively cynical on the promises of globalization, suggesting instead that it has brought a tremendous amount of inequality and exploitation. What, if any, are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED The thinking of the Frankfurt School was heavily shaped by three key historical events: (1) the failure of the working-class revolution that Marx had predicted in Western Europe, (2) the rise of Nazism and (3) the expansion of capitalism into a new, “mass” form of production and consumption, often referred to as “Fordism” afterthe
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED According to this NPR report, Black women have, on average, a net worth of $100 dollars (and a median net worth of $5) compared to an average net worth of $41,000 for White women. Black women have also experienced a disproportionate decline in jobs since the beginning of the most recent U.S. recession compared to White women.LIQUID MODERNITY
Modernity and Morality. Bauman’s personal experience with anti-Semitism and his later research on the Holocaust led him to question whether modern forms of social organization and rationality, often championed as signs of human progress, actually undercut moral obligation and responsibility. DOMINATION | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Max Weber (1864–1920) was born in Erfurt, Germany. The eldest of seven children, Max was a precocious but sickly child, suffering from meningitis at an early age, a disease with long-lasting side effects such as insomnia and anxiety that bothered Weber throughout his life. SEEING OUR SELF AS AN OBJECT, ONLINE From p. 454 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. It is the characteristic of the self as an object to itself that I want to bring out. This characteristic is represented in the word “self,” which is a reflexive, and indicates that which can be both subject and object. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for thePOWER/KNOWLEDGE
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While Marx is probably best known in the popular imagination for the influence his writings had on communist politicians and parties after his death, in social theory, Marx’s most enduring legacy revolves around his analyses of the effects of capitalism on social life. When Marx died in London in 1883, his friend Engels read the eulogy. In it SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In Discipline and Punish, Foucault argues that modern society is a “disciplinary society,” meaning that power in our time is largely exercised through disciplinary means in a variety of institutions (prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, etc.). Governmentality and Biopower. In his later work, Foucault coined the now influentialconcept
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Habitus is one of Bourdieu’s most influential yet ambiguous concepts. It refers to the physical embodiment of cultural capital, to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences. Bourdieu often used sports metaphors when talking about the habitus, often referring to it as a “feel for thePOWER/KNOWLEDGE
TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Harvey coined the term “time–space compression” to refer to the way the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances. Harvey argues that capital moves at a pace faster than ever before, as the production, circulation, and exchange of capital happens at ever-increasing speeds, particularlyWOMAN AS OTHER
The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics. In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. De Beauvoir also focused on how control ofwomen’s sexuality
REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Social Theory Rewired | New Connections to Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classicperiod to
SOCIAL FORMS
Social Forms. In everyday social life, we often focus on the content of our social interactions with others—for example, “what is the right thing way to react to my boss’ outlandish work demands?” or “what the heck was my husband thinking when he said that to me?”But, for Simmel, the task of the sociologist was less about looking at the contents that distinguish types of social SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was without question the most eminent American sociological theorist of the 1940s and 1950s. Parsons synthesized the classical theoretical ideas of Weber, Durkheim, and Vilfredo Pareto to develop (with Edward Shils) his “action theory.”. Parsons’s action theory focused on the integration ofsocial structural
SACRED AND PROFANE
Sacred and Profane. For Durkheim, religion is about the separation of the sacred from the profane. The sacred refers to those collective representations that are set apart from society, or that which transcends the humdrum of everyday life. The profane, on the other hand, is everything else, all those mundane things like our jobs, ourbills
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED 2. Like Marx, Wallerstein contends that the capitalist world-system is built upon two important contradictions that will eventually lead to its demise. What are they? 3. Wallerstein is relatively cynical on the promises of globalization, suggesting instead that it has brought a tremendous amount of inequality and exploitation. What, if any, are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED The thinking of the Frankfurt School was heavily shaped by three key historical events: (1) the failure of the working-class revolution that Marx had predicted in Western Europe, (2) the rise of Nazism and (3) the expansion of capitalism into a new, “mass” form of production and consumption, often referred to as “Fordism” afterthe
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED According to this NPR report, Black women have, on average, a net worth of $100 dollars (and a median net worth of $5) compared to an average net worth of $41,000 for White women. Black women have also experienced a disproportionate decline in jobs since the beginning of the most recent U.S. recession compared to White women.LIQUID MODERNITY
Modernity and Morality. Bauman’s personal experience with anti-Semitism and his later research on the Holocaust led him to question whether modern forms of social organization and rationality, often championed as signs of human progress, actually undercut moral obligation and responsibility. DOMINATION | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Max Weber (1864–1920) was born in Erfurt, Germany. The eldest of seven children, Max was a precocious but sickly child, suffering from meningitis at an early age, a disease with long-lasting side effects such as insomnia and anxiety that bothered Weber throughout his life. SEEING OUR SELF AS AN OBJECT, ONLINE From p. 454 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. It is the characteristic of the self as an object to itself that I want to bring out. This characteristic is represented in the word “self,” which is a reflexive, and indicates that which can be both subject and object. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classic period to the vibrant and complex world of now. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While we’ve included some of Marx’s most influential works in the Social Theory Re-Wired reader, it is still just a small portion of his overall writing.Luckily, and much in the spirit of Marx’s political leanings, many of his works are open access and free to the public. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Michel Foucault (1926–1984) was born in Poiters, France. The son of a prestigious surgeon, Foucault did not excel in school until enrolling in college, eventually earning admittance to one of France’s most prestigious universities, the École NormaleSupérieure.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002) was born to a working-class family in a small village in southern France called Denguin. Bourdieu’s father was a small farmer turned postal worker with little formal education, but he encouraged a young Bourdieu to pursue the best educational opportunities his country had to offer.POWER/KNOWLEDGE
WOMAN AS OTHER
Simone de Beauvoir. The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics.In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Immanuel Wallerstein. While theorists of globalization tend to focus on economic and technological changes since the mid-to-late twentieth century, Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–) looks at globalization over a much longer duration.REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classic period to the vibrant and complex world of now. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED While we’ve included some of Marx’s most influential works in the Social Theory Re-Wired reader, it is still just a small portion of his overall writing.Luckily, and much in the spirit of Marx’s political leanings, many of his works are open access and free to the public. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Neither critical race nor postcolonial theory can be understood apart from histories of anti-racist and anti-colonial political struggles. But while their specific histories may differ, what critical race and postcolonial theories share in common is the fact that they emerged out of—and represent intellectual challenges to—contexts of racialoppression.
SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Michel Foucault (1926–1984) was born in Poiters, France. The son of a prestigious surgeon, Foucault did not excel in school until enrolling in college, eventually earning admittance to one of France’s most prestigious universities, the École NormaleSupérieure.
REFLEXIVITY
HABITUS | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002) was born to a working-class family in a small village in southern France called Denguin. Bourdieu’s father was a small farmer turned postal worker with little formal education, but he encouraged a young Bourdieu to pursue the best educational opportunities his country had to offer.POWER/KNOWLEDGE
WOMAN AS OTHER
Simone de Beauvoir. The publication of de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex in 1949 marked a watershed for feminist theory and politics.In it, de Beauvoir presents the idea of “Woman as Other,” a relational theory of femininity that asserts that the category of woman is defined by everything man is not. TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Immanuel Wallerstein. While theorists of globalization tend to focus on economic and technological changes since the mid-to-late twentieth century, Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–) looks at globalization over a much longer duration.REVISITING SUICIDE
From p. 41 in Social Theory Re-Wired. If therefore industrial or financial crises increase suicides, this is not because they cause poverty, since crises of prosperity have the same result; Durkheim’s Suicide is remarkable for its methods. In the opening pages of the excerpt, Durkheim traces suicide rates in regions undergoing economic booms and busts, finding that suicide rates are SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED A rich collection of web-based materials—including interactive versions of key texts, open spaces to write and reflect on readings, biographical sketches of authors, and dozens of supplementary sources—that transports social theory from its classic period to the vibrant and complex world of now. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Talcott Parsons. Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was without question the most eminent American sociological theorist of the 1940s and 1950s. Parsons synthesized the classical theoretical ideas of Weber, Durkheim, and Vilfredo Pareto to develop (with Edward Shils) his “action theory.”SOCIAL FORMS
Social Forms. In everyday social life, we often focus on the content of our social interactions with others—for example, “what is the right thing way to react to my boss’ outlandish work demands?” or “what the heck was my husband thinking when he said that to me?”But, for Simmel, the task of the sociologist was less about looking at the contents that distinguish types of social TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION Immanuel Wallerstein. While theorists of globalization tend to focus on economic and technological changes since the mid-to-late twentieth century, Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–) looks at globalization over a much longer duration. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED In The Rise and Future Demise of the World Capitalist System, Immanuel Wallerstein echoes Marx’s ideas on capital to explain world history and, in particular, its economic dimensions. SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED From p. 428 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. Placing U.S. Black women’s experiences in the center of analysis without privileging those experiences shows how intersectional paradigms can be especially important for rethinking the particular matrix of domination The matrix of domination, according to Collins, refers to how power is organized through overlapping or interlocking systems of SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Max Horkheimer. Horkheimer was one of the first and most important scholars associated with the Institute for Social Research, being appointed director of the school in 1930 and remaining in that position until his retirement in the late 1950s. DOMINATION | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Max Weber (1864–1920) was born in Erfurt, Germany. The eldest of seven children, Max was a precocious but sickly child, suffering from meningitis at an early age, a disease with long-lasting side effects such as insomnia and anxiety that bothered Weber throughout his life. ANOMIE | SOCIAL THEORY REWIRED Émile Durkheim (1858–1917) was born in the northeastern French town of Épinal. He came from a long line of French Jews, though he would only go to rabbinical school for SEEING OUR SELF AS AN OBJECT, ONLINE From p. 454 in Social Theory Re-Wired 2e. It is the characteristic of the self as an object to itself that I want to bring out. This characteristic is represented in the word “self,” which is a reflexive, and indicates that which can be both subject and object.ERROR 521
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