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Text
MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing l BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing l BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing l BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Select Naomi Oreskes videos: If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Praise. “ fascinating and important study. Merchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.” —Science. “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT A key tactic used by the Merchants of Doubt was to invoke the ideals of fairness and balance to persuade the media to give equal time to their views. Even the great Edward R. Murrow fell prey to this tactic, giving the tobacco industry equal time to argue that the facts regarding the harms of ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Errata. P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions”. The missing line is: “know anything about the topic under investigations. Yet, in 1997,Fred Seitz”.
BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Authors. Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution ofOceanography.
MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Select Naomi Oreskes videos: If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Praise. “ fascinating and important study. Merchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.” —Science. “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT A key tactic used by the Merchants of Doubt was to invoke the ideals of fairness and balance to persuade the media to give equal time to their views. Even the great Edward R. Murrow fell prey to this tactic, giving the tobacco industry equal time to argue that the facts regarding the harms of ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Errata. P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions”. The missing line is: “know anything about the topic under investigations. Yet, in 1997,Fred Seitz”.
BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Authors. Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution ofOceanography.
MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Select Naomi Oreskes videos: If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT A key tactic used by the Merchants of Doubt was to invoke the ideals of fairness and balance to persuade the media to give equal time to their views. Even the great Edward R. Murrow fell prey to this tactic, giving the tobacco industry equal time to argue that the facts regarding the harms of ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Errata. P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions”. The missing line is: “know anything about the topic under investigations. Yet, in 1997,Fred Seitz”.
BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Authors. Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution ofOceanography.
MERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBTWATCH MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing lMERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBTWATCH MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing lMERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting thequality of life.
KEY DOCUMENTS
Strategic Defense Initiative: Central Intelligence Agency, National Intelligence Estimate NIE 11-3/8-75: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict, Through the mid-1980s, Volume 1, Key Judgments and Summary, Advance Dissemination, crated November 17, 1975, CIA, 40. National Intelligence Estimate. Curt Covey et al., “Global Atmospheric Effects of Massive Smoke Injections from aNuclear War
VIDEO RESOURCES
Naomi Oreskes on "Giant Power: Technology, Energy, and the Beginnings of Post-Truth America" PRAISE – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT “ fascinating and important studyMerchants of Doubt deserves a wide readership. It is tempting to require that all those engaged in the business of conveying scientific information to the general public should read it.”—Science “Oreskes and Conway paint an unflattering picture of why some scientists continue to stand against the overwhelming scientific consensus on issues at the BUY – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Merchants of Doubt How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming FAQ – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT How did you and Erik decide to write Merchants of Doubt? Erik and I met in 2004 at a conference on the history of meteorology, held in the little town of Weilheim, Germany. He was working on the hi AUTHORS – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences. She arrived at Harvard in 2013 after spending 15 years as Professor of History and Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Geosciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. ERRATA – MERCHANTS OF DOUBT P. 67 – Neutral pH is listed as 6; it should be 7. P. 244, 7th line from the bottom is missing from the sentence beginning with “they do not normally organize petitions” The missing lSkip to content
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HOW A HANDFUL OF SCIENTISTS OBSCURED THE TRUTH ON ISSUES FROM TOBACCO SMOKE TO GLOBAL WARMINGMERCHANTS OF DOUBT
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on public health, environmental science, and other issues affecting the quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. In their new book, _Merchants of Doubt_, historians Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway explain how a loose–knit group of high-level scientists, with extensive political connections, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. In seven compelling chapters addressing tobacco, acid rain, the ozone hole, global warming, and DDT, Oreskes and Conway roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how the ideology of free market fundamentalism, aided by a too-compliant media, has skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. “A well-documented, pulls-no-punches account of how science works and how political motives can hijack the process by which scientific information is disseminated to the public.”—_Kirkus Review_ “Anyone concerned about the state of democracy in America should read this book.”—Former Vice President Al Gore, author of _AnInconvenient Truth_
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