Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
More Annotations
A complete backup of https://kingroup.ru
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://talkwithwebvisitors.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://abcjesuslovesme.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://betterbraces.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://sanjuanjournal.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://productplan.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://museumofworldwarii.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://photofast.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://peiraiotika.gr
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://ultimate-ski.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://imoveoutofthebox.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Favourite Annotations
A complete backup of https://www.mmvfilms.com/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://nekosubs.net/nekos/lostorage-conflated-wixoss
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://www.arab16.com/tags/israeli.html
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://huarenpaint.en.alibaba.com/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://isoroms.com/petz-horsez-2-iso-pcsx2-download/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://mundotecnico.info/viewtopic.php?t=3748
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Text
values
FILM X ARCHITECTURE SUMMER SCHOOL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Film x Architecture Summer School. #Summer School. 5 Jul - 6 Aug 2021. Copenhagen Architecture Festival, Copenhagen, DK. Online. The 2021 CAFx Summer School topic is inclusive and non-discriminatory architectural solutions in an urban, residential or rural environment. CAFx is launching a global short film competition in 2021, focusing onthe
2021 CREATIVE EXCHANGE: LANDSCAPES OF CARE :: FUTURE With the 2021 Creative Exchange: Landscapes of Care, one of the key European events for networking and presentation of architectural ideas, Future Architecture Platform will introduce a new season of its European Architecture Program via a live webcast for the first timevia
POST-PANDEMIC HOUSING COMMUNITIES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE In this framework, the project aims to establish a new housing solution paradigm through disaggregated communities around the world, hosted under an Architecture that bets on ecology and self-sufficiency, in a post-pandemic era in which the city slows downits expansion and
BAUBOTANIK :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Baubotanik projects are built, but live. And they show all the positive aspects we know from trees: They provide shade, cool and filter the air, regulate the natural water cycle, produce oxygen and absorb CO2. Their impressive canopies are aesthetically enriching and a co-habitat for humans, plants and animals. ARCHITECTURE & ENTROPY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations UNCONSCIOUS & ARCHITECTURE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Giulia Tubelli is an architect based in Milan, her studied started in Genoa (IT) and ended in Berlin. Her practice which she is leading since a couple of years after working for established offices (Libeskind, Arup, 5+1) in Italy, Germany and Egypt is mixing theoretical work and technical professional work with the aim to investigate the connection between art and architecture in all itsaspects.
MATERIA PRIMA :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Mexico. Materia Prima is a collaborative research project conceived by Erika Loana and Gabriela Sisniega, Mexican architects who have worked together with different projects since 2011. The project started in three locations: Chihuahua, Morelos and Mexico City. These three cities are the places that are immediate for us to study carefully. ARCHITECTURE VS POLITICS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture should take a role in criticising political habits that influence the built environment and social life. File under. # Other. Politics and Architecture are in a close relation. It is mainly politics, what influences architecture and urbanity - laws, fundings and competitions for public projects, determine the architecturalprocess.
THE FUTURE OF E-WASTE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The future of E-waste. The proposal is about transforming electronic waste from an emergency of the future to a new architecture possibility. In 2016, 44.7 million metric tonnes of e-waste were generated. This is an equivalent of almost 4,500 Eiffel towers. Electronic waste will be an emergency in the future. FUTURE ARCHITECTURE PLATFORMNEWSFRIENDSABOUTIN THE MEDIACONTACTPRESS Designers, architects and urban planners are increasingly taking on the task of managing social and political issues of relationships, neighborhoods, energy flows, mobility, cultural heritage, identity and urban change, rather than just spatial and formal aspects. The theme ‘Landscapes of care’ focuses on a change of direction in thevalues
FILM X ARCHITECTURE SUMMER SCHOOL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Film x Architecture Summer School. #Summer School. 5 Jul - 6 Aug 2021. Copenhagen Architecture Festival, Copenhagen, DK. Online. The 2021 CAFx Summer School topic is inclusive and non-discriminatory architectural solutions in an urban, residential or rural environment. CAFx is launching a global short film competition in 2021, focusing onthe
2021 CREATIVE EXCHANGE: LANDSCAPES OF CARE :: FUTURE With the 2021 Creative Exchange: Landscapes of Care, one of the key European events for networking and presentation of architectural ideas, Future Architecture Platform will introduce a new season of its European Architecture Program via a live webcast for the first timevia
POST-PANDEMIC HOUSING COMMUNITIES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE In this framework, the project aims to establish a new housing solution paradigm through disaggregated communities around the world, hosted under an Architecture that bets on ecology and self-sufficiency, in a post-pandemic era in which the city slows downits expansion and
BAUBOTANIK :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Baubotanik projects are built, but live. And they show all the positive aspects we know from trees: They provide shade, cool and filter the air, regulate the natural water cycle, produce oxygen and absorb CO2. Their impressive canopies are aesthetically enriching and a co-habitat for humans, plants and animals. ARCHITECTURE & ENTROPY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations UNCONSCIOUS & ARCHITECTURE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Giulia Tubelli is an architect based in Milan, her studied started in Genoa (IT) and ended in Berlin. Her practice which she is leading since a couple of years after working for established offices (Libeskind, Arup, 5+1) in Italy, Germany and Egypt is mixing theoretical work and technical professional work with the aim to investigate the connection between art and architecture in all itsaspects.
MATERIA PRIMA :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Mexico. Materia Prima is a collaborative research project conceived by Erika Loana and Gabriela Sisniega, Mexican architects who have worked together with different projects since 2011. The project started in three locations: Chihuahua, Morelos and Mexico City. These three cities are the places that are immediate for us to study carefully. ARCHITECTURE VS POLITICS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture should take a role in criticising political habits that influence the built environment and social life. File under. # Other. Politics and Architecture are in a close relation. It is mainly politics, what influences architecture and urbanity - laws, fundings and competitions for public projects, determine the architecturalprocess.
THE FUTURE OF E-WASTE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The future of E-waste. The proposal is about transforming electronic waste from an emergency of the future to a new architecture possibility. In 2016, 44.7 million metric tonnes of e-waste were generated. This is an equivalent of almost 4,500 Eiffel towers. Electronic waste will be an emergency in the future. POST-PANDEMIC HOUSING COMMUNITIES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE In this framework, the project aims to establish a new housing solution paradigm through disaggregated communities around the world, hosted under an Architecture that bets on ecology and self-sufficiency, in a post-pandemic era in which the city slows downits expansion and
ARCHITECTURE & ENTROPY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations ARCHITECTURE INSPIRED BY NATURE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE After 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has the answers for our design need and performance. File under. # Environment. The Votu Hotel was designed to achieve high performance on thermal comfort. It is located at Bahia, Brazil with an annual temperature average of 750F and high humidity rate. The project was developed using Biomimicry. BRIDGE AND DOOR :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Bridge and Door. The buildings are based on Georg Simmel essay, Bridge and Door. Connecting and separating bring us the architectural idea of permanent interchange in between people and space. "The image of external things possesses for us the ambiguous dimension that in external nature everything can be considered to be connected, but alsoas
ARCHITECTURE OF WASTE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The project attempts to response the challenges of food and fuel supplies that the UK faces in the future. Idea by. Bong Yeung. 8 Fuk Lee Street, Tai Kok Tsui. Hong Kong. Hong Kong. Born in Hong Kong, Bong Yeung studied Architecture and graduated from the Bartlett in 2011. Acquired Dean’s List for ‘Distinction in Design’ and Meritin
CO-MACHINES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Co-Machines are an urban strategy of political objects recovering space from private interest back into the hands of the city dweller. The current social climate points to a future where institutions of power that once seemed impenetrable will be forced open from below by grassroots and self-organised movements. SELF SUFFICIENT STRUCTURES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The proposal is the combination of rammed earth architecture, solar panels, agritecture and rain water harvesting that produces clean energy and food for its habitants using it city waste reducing pollution by 75-80 percent. Self Sufficient Structures. Utilizing city waste to build structure that generates energy for itself andsurrounding area.
INHABIT THE WALL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Inhabit the Wall. Changing the role of a wall by searching for spatial qualities of a 2D object and so increasing the adoptability of buildings. In the name of environment, architecture is becoming exclusionary and so alien in its surroundings. PLACES OF SOLIDARITY IN PUBLIC SPACE :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Belgium. RVW focuses on interdisciplinary collaborations that deal with the urban realm. In particular ‘the place’ of vulnerable populations concerns us; by approaching questions on minorities in the public sphere we aim to rethink the architectural field. RVW studies interfaces between architecture, sociology, history, art ALL THE BEAUTIES OF THE CITY / ANDI SCHMIED, PRIVATE VIEWS PRIVATE VIEWS. Andi Schmied. An artist book, showcasing the views of over thirty of Manhattan's most luxurious private residential skyscrapers, seen through the eyes of a fictional billionaire FUTURE ARCHITECTURE PLATFORMNEWSFRIENDSABOUTIN THE MEDIACONTACTPRESS Designers, architects and urban planners are increasingly taking on the task of managing social and political issues of relationships, neighborhoods, energy flows, mobility, cultural heritage, identity and urban change, rather than just spatial and formal aspects. The theme ‘Landscapes of care’ focuses on a change of direction in thevalues
FILM X ARCHITECTURE SUMMER SCHOOL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Film x Architecture Summer School. #Summer School. 5 Jul - 6 Aug 2021. Copenhagen Architecture Festival, Copenhagen, DK. Online. The 2021 CAFx Summer School topic is inclusive and non-discriminatory architectural solutions in an urban, residential or rural environment. CAFx is launching a global short film competition in 2021, focusing onthe
BAUBOTANIK :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Baubotanik projects are built, but live. And they show all the positive aspects we know from trees: They provide shade, cool and filter the air, regulate the natural water cycle, produce oxygen and absorb CO2. Their impressive canopies are aesthetically enriching and a co-habitat for humans, plants and animals. SYMBIOSIS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Type of project. Systemic changes. The future of architecture in our existing world must follow an entirely new direction and dimension more adequate to the new requirements. The global challenges that we are facing , social, environmental and future, with the accelerated progress in technology, are conditioning any physical intervention inour
ARCHITECTURE & ENTROPY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations CO-MACHINES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Co-Machines are an urban strategy of political objects recovering space from private interest back into the hands of the city dweller. The current social climate points to a future where institutions of power that once seemed impenetrable will be forced open from below by grassroots and self-organised movements. STANDARDISATION AND MODULARITY WITH FLEXIBILITY :: FUTURE The proposal also includes 3 types of buildings (urban villa, section building and tower) that can adapt to various contexts like city center and outskirts or can be combined in order to serve as catalysts of urban change of the cities of future architecture. Standardisation and Modularity with Flexibility. Proposal for affordable Housing. BRIDGE AND DOOR :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Bridge and Door. The buildings are based on Georg Simmel essay, Bridge and Door. Connecting and separating bring us the architectural idea of permanent interchange in between people and space. "The image of external things possesses for us the ambiguous dimension that in external nature everything can be considered to be connected, but alsoas
INHABIT THE WALL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Inhabit the Wall. Changing the role of a wall by searching for spatial qualities of a 2D object and so increasing the adoptability of buildings. In the name of environment, architecture is becoming exclusionary and so alien in its surroundings. AMADAI CULTURAL CENTER :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Amadai Cultural Center. in the process of giving birth, the first thing that appears is the head, so by burying half of the building visually and eventually in a way that the other half seems to head-out of ground. Sustainable, cold climate and heritage oriented design have been featured by introversion, buried form, low height, canopy, few FUTURE ARCHITECTURE PLATFORMNEWSFRIENDSABOUTIN THE MEDIACONTACTPRESS Designers, architects and urban planners are increasingly taking on the task of managing social and political issues of relationships, neighborhoods, energy flows, mobility, cultural heritage, identity and urban change, rather than just spatial and formal aspects. The theme ‘Landscapes of care’ focuses on a change of direction in thevalues
FILM X ARCHITECTURE SUMMER SCHOOL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Film x Architecture Summer School. #Summer School. 5 Jul - 6 Aug 2021. Copenhagen Architecture Festival, Copenhagen, DK. Online. The 2021 CAFx Summer School topic is inclusive and non-discriminatory architectural solutions in an urban, residential or rural environment. CAFx is launching a global short film competition in 2021, focusing onthe
BAUBOTANIK :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Baubotanik projects are built, but live. And they show all the positive aspects we know from trees: They provide shade, cool and filter the air, regulate the natural water cycle, produce oxygen and absorb CO2. Their impressive canopies are aesthetically enriching and a co-habitat for humans, plants and animals. SYMBIOSIS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Type of project. Systemic changes. The future of architecture in our existing world must follow an entirely new direction and dimension more adequate to the new requirements. The global challenges that we are facing , social, environmental and future, with the accelerated progress in technology, are conditioning any physical intervention inour
ARCHITECTURE & ENTROPY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations CO-MACHINES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Co-Machines are an urban strategy of political objects recovering space from private interest back into the hands of the city dweller. The current social climate points to a future where institutions of power that once seemed impenetrable will be forced open from below by grassroots and self-organised movements. STANDARDISATION AND MODULARITY WITH FLEXIBILITY :: FUTURE The proposal also includes 3 types of buildings (urban villa, section building and tower) that can adapt to various contexts like city center and outskirts or can be combined in order to serve as catalysts of urban change of the cities of future architecture. Standardisation and Modularity with Flexibility. Proposal for affordable Housing. BRIDGE AND DOOR :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Bridge and Door. The buildings are based on Georg Simmel essay, Bridge and Door. Connecting and separating bring us the architectural idea of permanent interchange in between people and space. "The image of external things possesses for us the ambiguous dimension that in external nature everything can be considered to be connected, but alsoas
INHABIT THE WALL :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Inhabit the Wall. Changing the role of a wall by searching for spatial qualities of a 2D object and so increasing the adoptability of buildings. In the name of environment, architecture is becoming exclusionary and so alien in its surroundings. AMADAI CULTURAL CENTER :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Amadai Cultural Center. in the process of giving birth, the first thing that appears is the head, so by burying half of the building visually and eventually in a way that the other half seems to head-out of ground. Sustainable, cold climate and heritage oriented design have been featured by introversion, buried form, low height, canopy, few ABOUT :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The Future Architecture platform is a well-balanced ecosystem of European cultural players in architecture who perform specific roles within a complex European architecture program. It connects multi-disciplinary emerging talents to high profile institutions like museums, galleries, publishing houses, biennials, and festivals. POST-PANDEMIC HOUSING COMMUNITIES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE In this framework, the project aims to establish a new housing solution paradigm through disaggregated communities around the world, hosted under an Architecture that bets on ecology and self-sufficiency, in a post-pandemic era in which the city slows downits expansion and
BAUBOTANIK :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Baubotanik projects are built, but live. And they show all the positive aspects we know from trees: They provide shade, cool and filter the air, regulate the natural water cycle, produce oxygen and absorb CO2. Their impressive canopies are aesthetically enriching and a co-habitat for humans, plants and animals. HYBRIDIZED CITY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE HYBRIDIZED CITY. The project is located in Buenos Aires City, in the area of Catalinas Norte. This building is the result of the necessities that the contemporary megalopolis presents, the needs for a new typology such as hybrid buildings: structures capable of relating different uses and combine them. Contemporary architecturehas a new
THE CARING CITY :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The caring city. Urban planning and public infrastructure for community care. Rethinking the city from a feminist and care perspective means no longer creating spaces on the basis of production rationales that are socially and politically restrictive and, instead, starting to think about environments that place a greater emphasis onthe people
SOCIAL MODULAR SYSTEM :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Housing module Supporting system is a system of different low and hi-tech solutions for supplying the housing module with the most important elements like water, electricity, food, heating. All that is controlled by a central controlling system that optimizes energy use. The choice of technological solutions and other equipment isdetermined by
BRIDGE AND DOOR :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Bridge and Door. The buildings are based on Georg Simmel essay, Bridge and Door. Connecting and separating bring us the architectural idea of permanent interchange in between people and space. "The image of external things possesses for us the ambiguous dimension that in external nature everything can be considered to be connected, but alsoas
VERTICAL OPEN SPACES :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE The vertical open space is a symbiosis of built and open space, and therefore the combination of architecture and the objectives of landscape architecture. The ‘Renaissance of the Cities’ increases the density of metropolises worldwide. An ever growing structural density leaves less room for new open spaces in the city. MOVING AND SPACE FORMING OBJECTS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE File under. # Construction. "Moving and Space forming Objects" (the Perfomativity of the Space) as architectonic space concept which is interpreted artistically, trying to overcome the contradiction between ambiguity and precision. The concept comes to realization through a specific link, inspired by existing literary texts such as "Fatal COASTAL LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS :: FUTURE ARCHITECTURE Coastal landscape dynamics. Search for sustainable solutions against erosion and flooding of the coast. This project aims to enhance the existing and identifying landscape values of the beaches of Motril (Granada-Spain), a real study area, taking advantage of a coastal protection system, based on crops of Oceanic Posidonia, to fightagainst
☰ __ __
* About
* Programme
* Ideas
* Journal
* Rooms
* Library
* __ __
* __
* __
* __
* __
SEARCH
Ideas Journal Events News VideoLatest
Latest
Gothenburg City Triennial 2021 #Lecture Series, Exhibition, Workshops, Festival4 Jun - 26 Sep 2021
Gothenburg City Triennial Gothenburg (Sweden) and online*
*
*
Architecture as a Tool for Care #Lecture Series, Publishing 20 May - 31 Oct 2021VI PER Gallery
Prague, Czech Republic*
*
*
Sensing Urban Matter #Workshops, Publishing, Talks, Virtual Environment3 May - 31 Oct 2021
Architektūros fondas Vilnius/Kaunas, Lithuania*
*
*
Future Architecture Library#Book, Publishing
1 Mar - 31 Oct 2021
dpr-barcelona
Barcelona, Spain / Online*
*
*
Essays 9 Dec 2020
What care has to do with it? Designers, architects and urban planners are increasingly taking on the task of managing social and political issues of relationships, neighborhoods, energy flows, mobility, cultural heritage, identity and urban change, rather than just spatial and formal aspects. The theme ‘Landscapes of care’ focuses on a change of direction in the values, interests and priorities that drive architecture and urbanplanning. The ...
# Social
# Planning
# Environment
# Construction
# Infrastructure
# Technology
# Economy
# Heritage
# Other
Programme 2021
Programme 2021
Edit: Honey, I'm Home! (online)#Talks
15 Jun 2021
18:00 CET
VI PER Gallery
ONLINE
*
*
*
The Space We Share
#Symposium
19 Jun 2021
S AM Swiss Architecture Museum Brasilea Foundation, Basel, Switzerland*
*
*
Design Biotop 2021: Conversations on Sustainability and (Self)Care#Talks
21 Jun - 25 Jun 2021Design Biotop
Online
*
*
*
Film x Architecture: Exploring the Intersection of Film and Landscape architecture from a designers' perspective #Lecture Series, Summer School, Workshops, Festival1 Jul - 30 Sep 2021
Copenhagen Architecture FestivalCopenhagen, Denmark
*
*
*
Film x Architecture Summer School#Summer School
5 Jul - 6 Aug 2021
Copenhagen Architecture FestivalOnline
*
*
*
Invisible Perspective: Women in the Space of Architecture#Workshops
6 Aug - 12 Sep 2021
Museum of Architecture in WrocławWroclaw, Poland
*
*
*
See all
Ideas 2021
Ideas 2021
Becoming
através
A call for practitioners and citizens to engage with places that arebecoming.
#Environment
*
*
*
Minorities in metropolis Juan Gonzalez del Cerro - Jorgelina Zabert Barber shops: the scaffolding that holds masculine pakistani communities together in el Raval.#Social
*
*
*
Marina Bay
ATRIA STUDIO
The building is conceived as a continuation of the promenade, giving value to a neglected space.#Social
*
*
*
LORZA
Matthias Ballestrem & Marta Fernandez Guardado Spatial installation, associative texts and stories that investigate the shrinking future of the universal notion of home as a personal space of intimacy and care#Social
*
*
*
The Future Memorial
Marcio Carvalho
Understand and disrupt the colonial complexities behind Lisbon's urban culture of remembrance#Heritage
*
*
*
Spaces of EmancipationAlejandra Navarrete
How can secluded communities offer spaces for future resistance, solidarity, and emancipation?#Social
*
*
*
See all
Videos See all
Architecture Film Summer School / An English GardenWill Jennings
14. Oct 2020 2020 European Architecture ProgrammeFilm
#Social #Economy #Other Architecture Film Summer School / Corona RetreatSonja Lakić
14. Oct 2020 2020 European Architecture ProgrammeFilm
#Social #Economy #Other Architecture Film Summer School / White by the AbsenceMiguel Braceli
14. Oct 2020 2020 European Architecture ProgrammeFilm
#Social #Economy #Other Architecture Film Summer School / UndomesticatedLocument
14. Oct 2020 2020 European Architecture ProgrammeFilm
#Social #Economy #OtherMedia Partners
* Newsletter
* Contact
* In the Media
* Press
Details
Copyright © 2024 ArchiveBay.com. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | DMCA | 2021 | Feedback | Advertising | RSS 2.0