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ENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE SIZING CALCULATIONS TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value.SAMPLE PROBLEM
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
SAMPLE PROBLEM
Solution. Solution to this sample problem is quite straightforward as demonstrated below. As per EnggCyclopedia's heat conduction article,. For heat transfer by conduction across a flat wall, the heat transfer rate is expressed by following equation, WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump FIXED AEROSOL FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS (NFPA 2010 Fixed aerosol fire extinguishing systems (NFPA 2010) Fire extinguishing agents covered by NFPA 2010 shall be electrically non-conductive. By definition, aerosol is a fire extinguishing medium consisting of finely divided particles, whose diameter is typically less than 10 microns.ENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE SIZING CALCULATIONS TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value.SAMPLE PROBLEM
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
SAMPLE PROBLEM
Solution. Solution to this sample problem is quite straightforward as demonstrated below. As per EnggCyclopedia's heat conduction article,. For heat transfer by conduction across a flat wall, the heat transfer rate is expressed by following equation, WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump FIXED AEROSOL FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS (NFPA 2010 Fixed aerosol fire extinguishing systems (NFPA 2010) Fire extinguishing agents covered by NFPA 2010 shall be electrically non-conductive. By definition, aerosol is a fire extinguishing medium consisting of finely divided particles, whose diameter is typically less than 10 microns.SAMPLE PROBLEM
ρ = 994.72 kg/m 3 (water density at 25 0 C - Step1) ΔZ = 3 m (minimum liquid level in the suction tank above the pump suction nozzle - Problem Statement) h L = head loss in the suction line. = pressure loss / ρg. = 0.05 × 10 5 / (994.72×9.81) = 0.5124 m. Substituting all these values in the NPSHA equation,SAMPLE PROBLEM
K is a proportionality constant which depends on a number of factors which include liquid viscosity, surface tension, entrainment loading, and the content of dissolved and suspended solids.For our sample problem, we know the 'K' value to be 0.1 m/s for removing 100 micron size liquid droplets.SAMPLE PROBLEM
Solution. Solution to this sample problem is quite straightforward as demonstrated below. As per EnggCyclopedia's heat conduction article,. For heat transfer by conduction across a flat wall, the heat transfer rate is expressed by following equation, SPIRAL-WOUND AND KAMMPROFILE GASKETS (GROOVED Spiral-wound and kammprofile gaskets (grooved) Both spiral-wound as well as kammprofile (derived from the German word ''Kamm''=comb) or grooved gaskets are used in various applications such as refineries, petrochemical plants, powert plants etc. Over the past few years, the use of kammprofile gaskets have seemed to gain momentum over the CAUSE OF PUMP OVERLOADING Check piping installation and system design. 5. Misalignment between pump and driver: - Misalignment is the main reason for pump damage and trip as it can cause damage to stuffing box, failure of mechanical seal, bearing premature and pump over heat or seize.Typically angular shaft misalignment can be up to 1° and parallel misalignment up to0.015 in.
WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. CALCULATION OF NM3/HR AND SM3/HR GAS FLOW Sample Problem Statement. What is the NM 3 /hr (normal cubic meter per hour) and SM 3 /hr (standard cubic meter per hour) flowrate corresponding to 100m 3 /hr of nitrogen flowing through a pipe? Operating temperature of nitrogen stream is 80 0 C. Operating pressure at the point of flow measurement is 25 bar.. Normal temperature and pressure conditions to be used are – T = 25 0 C and P SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN PROCEDURE This article is a high level tutorial on shell & tube heat exchanger design procedure. We will mainly look at finalizing the process parameters of a new shell & tube exchanger and preparing the process specification sheet for the new exchanger.. Shell and tube heat exchangers are the most popular and widely used heat transfer equipment in process industry. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pumpCRUDE OIL REFINING
Crude oil refining. Crude oil extracted from geological sources is a mixture of a wide range of hydrocarbons starting from lightest methane to heavy long chain hydrocarbons found in tar. The hydrocarbons are often accompanied by water, H 2 S, particulate matter such as sand etc. This crude oil stream undergoes an elaborate refining processENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators IMPORTANT EQUATIONS FOR PROCESS DESIGN Important equations for process design engineers for - mass balancing, pressure drop calculations as well as for design of process equipment and instruments. Frictional pressure drop in a line - Equations for calculating pressure drop per unit length across a pipe are given. EnggCyclopedia's pressure drop calculators for single phase and two API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. HEAT EXCHANGER APPROACH TEMPERATURE Heat exchanger approach temperature indicates the effectiveness of a utility for its intended purpose. Heat transfer rate (Q) across a heat exchanger is governed by the following equation. Q = U×A×ΔT. where, U is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the heat transfer surface area, ΔT is the temperature difference between hot and cold fluids. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump CAUSE OF PUMP OVERLOADING Centrifugal pump may draw high ampere due to the following reasons:-. 1. Speed too high: - When speed increases the power consumption and current drawn increases, as changes in power is direct proportion to the cube of the speed N. (P α N 3) To avoid overload, control the speed of the primover of the pump to meet the design specific speed.2.
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPACING OF PIPE SUPPORTS For fiber reinforced plastic pipe (FRP), support spacing in liquid service would vary from around 11-ft for 2" pipe to 22-ft for 8" pipe; and for gas service 17-ft for 2" to 40-ft for 8". For high density polyethylene (HDPE) the spacing would vary from 7-ft for 4" pipe withSDR
ENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators IMPORTANT EQUATIONS FOR PROCESS DESIGN Important equations for process design engineers for - mass balancing, pressure drop calculations as well as for design of process equipment and instruments. Frictional pressure drop in a line - Equations for calculating pressure drop per unit length across a pipe are given. EnggCyclopedia's pressure drop calculators for single phase and two API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. HEAT EXCHANGER APPROACH TEMPERATURE Heat exchanger approach temperature indicates the effectiveness of a utility for its intended purpose. Heat transfer rate (Q) across a heat exchanger is governed by the following equation. Q = U×A×ΔT. where, U is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the heat transfer surface area, ΔT is the temperature difference between hot and cold fluids. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump CAUSE OF PUMP OVERLOADING Centrifugal pump may draw high ampere due to the following reasons:-. 1. Speed too high: - When speed increases the power consumption and current drawn increases, as changes in power is direct proportion to the cube of the speed N. (P α N 3) To avoid overload, control the speed of the primover of the pump to meet the design specific speed.2.
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPACING OF PIPE SUPPORTS For fiber reinforced plastic pipe (FRP), support spacing in liquid service would vary from around 11-ft for 2" pipe to 22-ft for 8" pipe; and for gas service 17-ft for 2" to 40-ft for 8". For high density polyethylene (HDPE) the spacing would vary from 7-ft for 4" pipe withSDR
CALCULATORS
Compressibility factor calculator for natural gas. Control Valve sizing. Drum / Vessel volume calculator. Equivalent Length calculator. Flare Stack sizing calculator. Gas density calculator. Gas viscosity as a function of temperature. Heat Exchanger Shellside pressure SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
MOTOR OPERATED VALVE Motor Operated Valve. Motor Operated Valve (MOV) is an important item of Plant & Piping system. These valves are generally of large size and are used for different applications such as Pump discharge etc. Motor Operated Valves are often called as On-Off valves as the motors serve the purpose of fully opening or fully closing valves in pipelines. GAS BLOWBY - ENGGCYCLOPEDIA Gas blowby is an undesirable operation scenario for pressure vessels handling gas and liquid phase flows, often two phase separator vessels.In case of a gas blowby, the liquid is completely drained from the vessel thus gas flow from the pressure vessel can freely flow to the downstream equipments which are designed to handle liquid. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPIRAL-WOUND AND KAMMPROFILE GASKETS (GROOVED Spiral-wound and kammprofile gaskets (grooved) Both spiral-wound as well as kammprofile (derived from the German word ''Kamm''=comb) or grooved gaskets are used in various applications such as refineries, petrochemical plants, powert plants etc. Over the past few years, the use of kammprofile gaskets have seemed to gain momentum over theREDUCER K VALUE
Equivalent length, L eq = K × (D/4f). where, K is the K value for a fitting (or for all fittings combined) D is the pipe diameter f is the Fanning friction factor You can use this equivalent length is used in the above Darcy's equation, to calculate the frictional pressure losses across the pipe run including all the fittings and valves inthe path.
COLD DIFFERENTIAL TEST PRESSURE (CDTP) This set point value is known as cold differential test pressure (CDTP). For pilot operated and balanced bellows type relief valves, effect of backpressure on valve opening characteristics is very low and hence CDTP is the same as the original design set point pressurevalue.
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE SIZING CALCULATIONS P 1 = 6.51 bara (including 10% accumulation) k : Ratio of specific heats of the gas .. (C P /C V) k = 1.35. P cf : Critical flow pressure for the given flow conditions in bara. P cf = 3.5 bara. If the pressure downstream or back pressure of the relief valve is lower thanthe critical
OCTANE NUMBER
Octane Number. Octane number of a fuel is the measure of its antiknock quality when its used in a spark ignition, internal combustion engine, as compared to the antiknock quality of Iso-octane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane). The octane number of a fuel is measured in a test engine against a mixture of iso-octane and heptane.ENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators IMPORTANT EQUATIONS FOR PROCESS DESIGN Important equations for process design engineers for - mass balancing, pressure drop calculations as well as for design of process equipment and instruments. Frictional pressure drop in a line - Equations for calculating pressure drop per unit length across a pipe are given. EnggCyclopedia's pressure drop calculators for single phase and two API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. HEAT EXCHANGER APPROACH TEMPERATURE Heat exchanger approach temperature indicates the effectiveness of a utility for its intended purpose. Heat transfer rate (Q) across a heat exchanger is governed by the following equation. Q = U×A×ΔT. where, U is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the heat transfer surface area, ΔT is the temperature difference between hot and cold fluids. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump CAUSE OF PUMP OVERLOADING Centrifugal pump may draw high ampere due to the following reasons:-. 1. Speed too high: - When speed increases the power consumption and current drawn increases, as changes in power is direct proportion to the cube of the speed N. (P α N 3) To avoid overload, control the speed of the primover of the pump to meet the design specific speed.2.
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPACING OF PIPE SUPPORTS For fiber reinforced plastic pipe (FRP), support spacing in liquid service would vary from around 11-ft for 2" pipe to 22-ft for 8" pipe; and for gas service 17-ft for 2" to 40-ft for 8". For high density polyethylene (HDPE) the spacing would vary from 7-ft for 4" pipe withSDR
ENGGCYCLOPEDIA HOME
Engineering Design Calculators. Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators IMPORTANT EQUATIONS FOR PROCESS DESIGN Important equations for process design engineers for - mass balancing, pressure drop calculations as well as for design of process equipment and instruments. Frictional pressure drop in a line - Equations for calculating pressure drop per unit length across a pipe are given. EnggCyclopedia's pressure drop calculators for single phase and two API STANDARDS FOR TANKS API Standard. Title. Description. API-620. Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks. Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. API 650. HEAT EXCHANGER APPROACH TEMPERATURE Heat exchanger approach temperature indicates the effectiveness of a utility for its intended purpose. Heat transfer rate (Q) across a heat exchanger is governed by the following equation. Q = U×A×ΔT. where, U is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the heat transfer surface area, ΔT is the temperature difference between hot and cold fluids. PUMPS VIBRATIONS LIMITS AS PER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Pumps vibrations limits as per international standards. All rotating machines, pumps included, vibrate to some extent due to various reasons, the most common of which are typically the following: Normal pump wear after prolonged operation. Therefore, process and design engineers should not be so much interested as to whether or not a pump CAUSE OF PUMP OVERLOADING Centrifugal pump may draw high ampere due to the following reasons:-. 1. Speed too high: - When speed increases the power consumption and current drawn increases, as changes in power is direct proportion to the cube of the speed N. (P α N 3) To avoid overload, control the speed of the primover of the pump to meet the design specific speed.2.
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
TYPES OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES Operational characteristics of this pressure relief valve are directly affected by back pressure changes. For conventional safety relief valve, only the superimposed back pressure affects the opening characteristic and set pressure value, but the combined back pressure (superimposed backpressure plus built up backpressure) affects the blowdown characteristic and re-seat pressure value. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPACING OF PIPE SUPPORTS For fiber reinforced plastic pipe (FRP), support spacing in liquid service would vary from around 11-ft for 2" pipe to 22-ft for 8" pipe; and for gas service 17-ft for 2" to 40-ft for 8". For high density polyethylene (HDPE) the spacing would vary from 7-ft for 4" pipe withSDR
CALCULATORS
Compressibility factor calculator for natural gas. Control Valve sizing. Drum / Vessel volume calculator. Equivalent Length calculator. Flare Stack sizing calculator. Gas density calculator. Gas viscosity as a function of temperature. Heat Exchanger Shellside pressure SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EQUATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which goes through the following steps. Define process requirements for the new exchanger. Select a suitable type of shell and tube exchanger. Define design parameters such as - number of tube passes, tube size, shell ID etc. Heat exchanger calculations and modeling to get theoutput
MOTOR OPERATED VALVE Motor Operated Valve. Motor Operated Valve (MOV) is an important item of Plant & Piping system. These valves are generally of large size and are used for different applications such as Pump discharge etc. Motor Operated Valves are often called as On-Off valves as the motors serve the purpose of fully opening or fully closing valves in pipelines. GAS BLOWBY - ENGGCYCLOPEDIA Gas blowby is an undesirable operation scenario for pressure vessels handling gas and liquid phase flows, often two phase separator vessels.In case of a gas blowby, the liquid is completely drained from the vessel thus gas flow from the pressure vessel can freely flow to the downstream equipments which are designed to handle liquid. WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES Motor operated valves (commonly abbreviated as MOV on P&IDs) are valves which are actuated by electric motors. Motor operated valves are generally large valves used in different kinds of operations. Due to the large size of the valve actuator, an electric motor is needed to open or close a valve. SPIRAL-WOUND AND KAMMPROFILE GASKETS (GROOVED Spiral-wound and kammprofile gaskets (grooved) Both spiral-wound as well as kammprofile (derived from the German word ''Kamm''=comb) or grooved gaskets are used in various applications such as refineries, petrochemical plants, powert plants etc. Over the past few years, the use of kammprofile gaskets have seemed to gain momentum over theREDUCER K VALUE
Equivalent length, L eq = K × (D/4f). where, K is the K value for a fitting (or for all fittings combined) D is the pipe diameter f is the Fanning friction factor You can use this equivalent length is used in the above Darcy's equation, to calculate the frictional pressure losses across the pipe run including all the fittings and valves inthe path.
COLD DIFFERENTIAL TEST PRESSURE (CDTP) This set point value is known as cold differential test pressure (CDTP). For pilot operated and balanced bellows type relief valves, effect of backpressure on valve opening characteristics is very low and hence CDTP is the same as the original design set point pressurevalue.
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE SIZING CALCULATIONS P 1 = 6.51 bara (including 10% accumulation) k : Ratio of specific heats of the gas .. (C P /C V) k = 1.35. P cf : Critical flow pressure for the given flow conditions in bara. P cf = 3.5 bara. If the pressure downstream or back pressure of the relief valve is lower thanthe critical
OCTANE NUMBER
Octane Number. Octane number of a fuel is the measure of its antiknock quality when its used in a spark ignition, internal combustion engine, as compared to the antiknock quality of Iso-octane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane). The octane number of a fuel is measured in a test engine against a mixture of iso-octane and heptane.ENGGCYCLOPEDIA
'
* Calculators
* Equipment Sizing
* Instrument Sizing
* Miscellaneous
* Pressure Drop
* Piping Dimensions
* Physical Properties* Unit Conversion
* Acceleration
* Angle
* Angular Velocity
* Area
* Angular Acceleration* Charge
* Current
* Density
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* Energy
* Force
* Illuminance
* Inductance
* Luminance
* Magnetic flux
* Mass
* Power
* Pressure
* Speicific heat
* Temperature
* Thermal conductivity* Time
* Torque
* Velocity
* Viscosity
* Voltage
* Volume
* Process Design
* Equipments
* Instrumentation
* Piping
* Contractors & SuppliersEnggCyclopedia
* Calculators
* Equipment Sizing
* Instrument Sizing
* Miscellaneous
* Pressure Drop
* Piping Dimensions
* Physical Properties* Unit Conversion
* Acceleration
* Angle
* Angular Velocity
* Area
* Angular Acceleration* Charge
* Current
* Density
* Distance
* Energy
* Force
* Illuminance
* Inductance
* Luminance
* Magnetic flux
* Mass
* Power
* Pressure
* Speicific heat
* Temperature
* Thermal conductivity* Time
* Torque
* Velocity
* Viscosity
* Voltage
* Volume
* Process Design
* Equipments
* Instrumentation
* Piping
* Contractors & Suppliers__
EnggCyclopedia
* Calculators
* Equipment Sizing
* Instrument Sizing
* Miscellaneous
* Pressure Drop
* Piping Dimensions
* Physical Properties* Unit Conversion
* Acceleration
* Angle
* Angular Velocity
* Area
* Angular Acceleration* Charge
* Current
* Density
* Distance
* Energy
* Force
* Illuminance
* Inductance
* Luminance
* Magnetic flux
* Mass
* Power
* Pressure
* Speicific heat
* Temperature
* Thermal conductivity* Time
* Torque
* Velocity
* Viscosity
* Voltage
* Volume
* Process Design
* Equipments
* Instrumentation
* Piping
* Contractors & Suppliers ENGINEERING DESIGN CALCULATORS Equipment Sizing Calculators - for design of storage tanks, 2 phase / 3 phase separators, heat exchangers etc. Instrumentation Sizing calculators ...PROCESS DESIGN
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COLD EMAIL MARKETING FOR SMALL BUSINESSESNovember 30, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
HEAT EXCHANGER WORKING PRINCIPLESNovember 13, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Key equations for Process Engineers • Process Equipment HEAT EXCHANGER FOULING FACTORNovember 11, 2019
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LEAD GENERATION TIPS FOR ROOFTOP SOLAR EPC COMPANIESDigital Marketing
COLD EMAIL MARKETING FOR SMALL BUSINESSESHeat Transfer
• Process Design
HEAT EXCHANGER WORKING PRINCIPLESHeat Transfer
• Key equations for Process Engineers • Process Equipment HEAT EXCHANGER FOULING FACTOR Engineering Questions• Heat Transfer
• Process Equipment WHEN TO USE FINNED TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERSProcess Design
• Process
Equipment
• Utilities
HOW TO PREVENT ELECTRIC CONDENSATE PUMP FAILURE READ MORE ON "PROCESS DESIGN" Crude Oil ExtractionCrude
Oil Refining
Heat
Transfer
Key
equations for Process EngineersPhase
separation
Pressure
Drop Calculations
Process
Control
Process
Deliverables
Process
Simulation
Safety
/ Loss Prevention
Thermodynamics
Utilities
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
HEAT EXCHANGER WORKING PRINCIPLESNovember 13, 2019
Process Design
• Process
Equipment
• Utilities
HOW TO PREVENT ELECTRIC CONDENSATE PUMP FAILUREJuly 20, 2019
Process Design
STEAM QUALITY AS AN OPTIMIZATION BENCHMARKJuly 11, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
• Process
Equipment
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER FLUID ALLOCATIONMay 15, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
• Process
Equipment
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN PROCEDUREMay 15, 2019
Process Design
•
Thermodynamics
SUPERHEATED STEAM
April 20, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
•
Thermodynamics
UNDERSTANDING THE JOULE THOMSON EFFECTApril 11, 2019
Heat Transfer
• Process Design
• Process
Equipment
UNDERSTANDING LMTD FOR HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGNApril 11, 2019
MORE ABOUT "INSTRUMENTATION"Automatic Valves
Control
Valves
Relief
devices
Automatic Valves
• Instrumentation
WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOTOR OPERATED VALVES?Instrumentation
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROLInstrumentation
• Relief
devices
• Solved Sample Problems RELIEF VALVE SIZING FOR DIFFERENT CASESInstrumentation
•
Operation & Maintenance•
Relief devices
PRESSURE SAFETY VALVE (PSV) TESTINGInstrumentation
• Process
Deliverables
TYPICAL DATASHEET FOR FLOWMETERInstrumentation
• Process
Deliverables
TYPICAL PROCESS DATASHEET FOR RESTRICTION ORIFICEInstrumentation
• Process
Deliverables
LEVEL INSTRUMENT DATASHEETAutomatic Valves
• Instrumentation
•
Miscellaneous
SPLIT RANGE CONTROL LOOPAutomatic Valves
• Instrumentation
• Process
Deliverables
TYPICAL INSTRUMENT DATASHEET- MOTOR OPERATED VALVEMORE ON "PIPING"
Fittings
Piping
deliverables
Special
piping fittings
Standard
Dimensions
Valves
Fittings
• Piping
PIPING REDUCER
April 16, 2019
Engineering Calculations• Piping
REDUCER K VALUE
April 16, 2019
Piping • Special
piping fittings
• Standard Dimensions STANDARD REDUCER DIMENSIONSApril 16, 2019
Piping • Process
Equipment
WHY WE NEED A REDUCER IN PUMP SUCTION PIPING AND EXPANDER AT PUMPOUTLET?
April 15, 2019
Piping • Process
Design •
Standard Dimensions
REQUIRED INSULATION THICKNESS FOR HOT WATER AND STEAM SYSTEMSMarch 26, 2019
Piping
PIPING ENGINEERING
March 21, 2019 1 2 3… 8
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