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CHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WCHIME EXPERIMENT
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed", which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). L’EXPÉRIENCE CHIMETRANSLATE THIS PAGE Mesurer en détails l’expansion de l’Univers représente une des façons d’en apprendre davantage sur la nature de l’énergie sombre. L’expérience CHIME cartographiera l’histoire du taux d’expansion de l’Univers en observant l’hydrogène gazeux contenu dans des galaxies distantes fortement affectées par CHIME-EXPERIMENT.CATRANSLATE THIS PAGE ýz†›wç{¿À[ Ø!QÊ gàˆˆa6ÖäÐ Ø\{3 èÈs tE~§ OæÅÏô !öÄ‹DE ™ òÅ|rî;Š' XÞ )–µÏÅNÀî%} +kÞa-Z?Ä/ Fó¥=Ã)Ág âÏÛ³%S?}WFRANÇAIS
CHIME
THE CANADIAN HYDROGEN INTENSITY MAPPING EXPERIMENT IS A REVOLUTIONARY NEW CANADIAN RADIO TELESCOPE DESIGNED TO ANSWER MAJOR QUESTIONS IN ASTROPHYSICS & COSMOLOGY. Toggle navigationMain Menu
* Location
* Instrument
* Cosmology
* Fast Radio Bursts
* Pulsars
* Team
* Publications
* News
* Gallery
Location
The CHIME Telescope is located at the Dominion Radio AstrophysicalObservatory (DRAO)
, a
national facility for astronomy operated by the National ResearchCouncil of Canada.
DRAO provides a scientific and technical infrastructure that includes engineering development laboratories, fabrication shops, a computer network, internet access, office space, and electrical power. The DRAO site is protected against man-made radio-frequency interference by municipal, provincial and federal regulation.Instrument
CHIME is a novel radio telescope that has no moving parts. Originally conceived to map the most abundant element in the universe - hydrogen - over a good fraction of the observable universe, this unusual telescope is optimized to have a high "mapping speed”, which requires a large instantaneous field of view (~200 square degrees) and broad frequency coverage (400-800 MHz). The digitized signals collected by CHIME will be processed to form a 3-dimensional map of hydrogen density, which will be used to measure the expansion history of the universe. At the same time, these signals can be combed for fast, transient radio emission, making CHIME a unique telescope for discovering new “Fast Radio Bursts” and for monitoring many pulsars on a daily basis.TELESCOPE
CHIME consists of four adjacent 20m x 100m cylindrical reflectors oriented north-south. The focal axis of each cylinder is lined with 256 dual-polarization antennas, each of which receives radiation from a large swath of sky that nearly stretches from the northern horizon to the southern horizon. This gives CHIME its enormous field of view. The CHIME antennas are custom-designed to have good sensitivity from 400 to 800 MHz, in both linear polarizations. This gives CHIME its large frequency coverage. Signals from the antennas are amplified in two stages, using low-noise amplifiers developed by the cell-phone industry. This novel application of consumer technology makes CHIME affordable. The 2048 signals from these inputs (256 antennas x 2 polarizations x 4 cylinders) are fed to the F-Engine for the initial stage of digital processing.F-ENGINE
The FPGA-based F-Engine is housed in two specially shielded 20-foot shipping containers located between the cylinders. The system digitizes each analog signal input 800 million times per second and converts each microsecond of data (2048 samples) into a 1024-element frequency spectrum between 400 and 800 MHz, with a frequency resolution of 0.39 MHz. It then organizes the data by frequency bin and sends it over optical fibre to the X-Engine for spatial correlation. The input data rate processed by the F-Engine is 13terabits/sec!
X-ENGINE
The GPU-based X-Engine is housed in two specially-shielded 40-foot shipping containers located just east of the cylinders. Each container contains 128 compute nodes housed in 15 refrigerator-sized racks. Each node is responsible for processing 4 of the 1024 frequency bins by collecting its share of digitized signals from the F-Engine and forming the product of each telescope input with all other inputs, every millisecond. These “correlation matrices” are averaged over a few seconds of time and written to disk for later processing into sky maps. The total system requires 250 kilowatts of power to operate. FAST RADIO BURST DETECTOR To search for FRBs, CHIME will continuously scan 1024 separate points or “beams” on the sky 24/7. Each beam is sampled at 16,000 different frequencies and at a rate of 1000 times per second, corresponding to 130 billion bits of data per second to be sifted through in real time. The data are packaged in the X-engine and shipped via a high-speed network to the FRB backend search engine, which is housed in its own 40-foot shipping container under the CHIME telescope. The FRB search backend will consist of 128 compute nodes with over 2500 CPU cores and 32,000 GB of RAM. Each compute node will search eight individual beams for FRBs. Candidate FRBs are then passed to a second stage of processing which combines information from all 1024 beams to determine the location, distance and characteristics of the burst. Once an FRB event has been detected, an automatic alert will be sent, within seconds of the arrival of the burst, to the CHIME team and to the wider astrophysical community allowing for rapid follow up of the burst. PULSAR MONITORING INSTRUMENT CHIME has the sensitivity to monitor practically all known pulsars in the Northern sky. The pulsar monitoring instrument will receive ten sky-tracking beams produced by CHIME's X-engine. CHIME will sample each of the ten sky-tracking beams at a resolution of 6.4 billion bits per second. The signals are sent from the X-engine to the pulsar timing monitor via a high-speed network. The timing monitor processes the signals in real time on ten dedicated compute nodes. Each node consists of a high-powered Intel processor that assembles the incoming data before passing it to an NVIDIA TitanX GPU for timing analysis. The results from the timing analysis are stored on a local multi-disk server before being shipped to Compute Canada. The data output from the pulsar timing monitor is approximately 500,000 gigabytes per year. The high-cadence of these observations will allow us to investigate the properties of neutron stars and ionized gas in the interstellar medium as well as verify the predictions of general relativity and search for gravitational waves.Cosmology
Baryon acoustic oscillations are imprinted on the matter distribution in the early Universe and their effects can still be seen in galaxy surveys. Image credit: Chris Blake and Sam Moorfield. Since the time of Edwin Hubble, it has been known the Universe is expanding. More recently, observations have shown that this expansion is accelerating. The reason for this acceleration is unknown but it has been suggested that a "Dark Energy" is causing the expansion rate to increase. The origin and physics of this Dark Energy are presently unknown. One way to probe the nature of Dark Energy is through studying in detail the expansion itself. CHIME will map the history of the expansion rate of the Universe by observing hydrogen gas in distant galaxies that were very strongly affected by Dark Energy. The experiment will measure the relic of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), spherical shells of matter over-density in which galaxies and gas are more likely to be found today. The radius of these shells was established by conditions in the early Universe (up to ~400,000 years after the Big Bang), and in principle is still detectable in the distant distribution of hydrogen gas. What this means is that, for the past 13 billion years, this characteristic distance scale evolved solely due to the expansion of the Universe, and hence provides a standard ruler to measure theexpansion rate.
The BAO scale has been measured before using galaxy surveys to map the distribution of matter. This is a long and difficult process that requires resolving each individual galaxy and has a limited redshift range. CHIME will map the distribution of matter using the 21 cm radio emission of intergalactic hydrogen at a resolution much lower than that of individual galaxies, but high enough to measure the BAO scale. This technique, known as Hydrogen Intensity (HI) Mapping, is much faster and will allow for a much larger survey volume than has ever been observed. It avoids reliance on the complicated physics of galaxy formation since galaxies are not resolved and counted, and is well suited to measuring structure on large physical scales.Fast Radio Bursts
Fast Radio Bursts are brief (few millisecond) bursts of radio waves coming from far beyond our Milky Way galaxy. The phenomenon was firstreported in 2007
and as of mid-2017, roughly two dozen have been reported. Their origin is unknown. However, they are ubiquitous: current best estimates suggest these events are arriving at Earth roughly a thousand times per day over the entire sky. Of the known detected FRBs, one, FRB 121102, has been observed to repeat and has been shown to come from a small dwarf galaxy at redshift 0.2. Whether all FRBs repeat and/or are in dwarf galaxies is yet unknown. The CHIME telescope's large collecting area, wide bandwidth and enormous field-of-view make it a superb detector of FRBs. The CHIME FRB event rate is predicted to be between 2 and 50 FRBs per day (Chawla et al. 2017). So high an event
rate promises major progress on this puzzling new astrophysical phenomenon. Bright CHIME-discovered FRBs will be found in real time and reported immediately to the worldwide astrophysical community for multi-wavelength follow up. The sensitivity of the world's major Fast Radio Burst experiments. Fast radio burst detection rate on the x-axis and radio frequency on the y-axis. CHIME has a very large expected FRB detection rate, which will be crucial for understanding the nature of this puzzlingphenomenon.
Animation illustrating the random appearance of Fast Radio Bursts on the sky. Credit: NRAO Outreach/T. Jarrett (IPAC/Caltech); B. Saxton,NRAO/AUI/NSF
Pulsars
Radio pulsars are rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars that can act as exquisitely precise cosmic clocks. Discovered in 1967by Jocelyn Bell,
radio pulsars are like cosmic light houses: they emit beams of radio light from their magnetic poles, which are misaligned with the neutron star rotation axis. Nearly 3000 pulsars are known today. Pulsar timing involves monitoring a pulsar over weeks to years and keeping count of every single pulse emitted. In this way pulsars are very useful for a wide variety of precision astrophysical measurements ranging from unique tests of relativistic theories of gravity using strong-field binary pulsars to the detection of a cosmic background of gravitational waves having periods of many years, predicted to exist due to mergers of supermassive black holes in galaxy-galaxy interactions. The latter is accomplished through a "Pulsar Timing Array" in which radio telescopes worldwide monitor dozens of very rapidly rotating pulsars on a regular basis over many years. The CHIME telescope, with its wide bandwidth and large collecting area, will be excellent for pulsar timing. Its wide field of view and novel software-steered beams will allow scientists to time up to 10 pulsars at any time, 24 hrs per day, 7 days per week. This will enable unique studies of highly variable pulsars such as nullers and mode changers, as well as daily observation of Pulsar Timing Array sources. The relatively low radio frequencies detected by the CHIME telescope will facilitate the removal of the effects of the variable interstellar medium on the radio pulses, one known important source of noise for gravitational wave experiments. This will improve the precision of the experiments carried out by Pulsar Timing Array projects like NANOGrav and the International Pulsar Timing Array , in which several CHIME/Pulsar team members are heavily involved. Artist's concept of a Pulsar Timing Array. The green grid represents the effect on space-time by a passing gravitational wave. This can be detected from timing effects on an array of pulsars monitored regularly over years. Image credit: D. Champion Animation of a double pulsar binary system. Credit: McGill University Office of Vice-Principal (Research and International Relations) McGill NCS Multimedia Services Animation by Daniel Cantin, DarwinDimensionsCollaboration
The CHIME project is co-led by the University of British Columbia, McGill University, University of Toronto, and the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory with collaborating institutions across NorthAmerica.
-------------------------COSMOLOGY TEAM
* UBC
* Mandana Amiri
* Meiling Deng, PhD student * Mateus Fandino, PhD student * Sidhant Guliani, MSc student * Prof. Mark Halpern * Prof. Gary Hinshaw * Caroline Hofer, PhD student * Nikola Milutinovic * Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, PhD student* Dr. Richard Shaw
* Prof. Kris Sigurdson* Dr. Rick Smegal
* Dr. Don Wiebe
* DRAO
* Dr. Tom Landecker
* MIT
* Dr. Kiyo Masui
* McGill
* Mohit Bhardwahj, PhD student * Dr. Jean-François Cliche* Prof. Matt Dobbs
* Adam Gilbert
* Gilbert Hsyu, MSc student * Juan Mena Parra, PhD student* Dr. Seth Siegel
* Emilie Storer, undergraduate * University of Toronto* Philippe Berger
* Prof. Dick Bond
* Nolan Denman, PhD student* Rachel Domagalski
* Dr. Mike Nolta
* Prof. Ue-Li Pen
* Andre Renard
* Ian Tretyakov
* Prof. Keith Vanderlinde * Perimeter Institute * Prof. Kendrick Smith* WVU
* Prof. Kevin Bandura* Yale
* Prof. Laura Newburgh* Carnegie Mellon
* Prof. Jeff Peterson FAST RADIO BURST/PULSAR TEAM* UBC
* Dr. Davor Cubranic * Deborah Good, PhD student * Prof. Mark Halpern* Dr. Alex Hill
* Prof. Gary Hinshaw* Dr. Cherry Ng
* Prof. Kris Sigurdson * Prof. Ingrid Stairs * Prateek Yadav, PhD student* DRAO
* Dr. Tom Landecker
* Dr. Paul Scholz
* McGill
* Bridget Andersen, MSc student * Mohit Bhardwahj, PhD student* Dr. Jojo Boyle
* Shiny Brar
* Pragya Chawla, PhD student* Prof. Matt Dobbs
* Dr. Emmanuel Fonseca * Marcus Merryfield, MSc student * Charles Moatti, undergraduate * Alex Josephy, PhD student* Prof. Vicky Kaspi
* Dr. Arun Naidu
* Chitrang Patel
* Ziggy Pleunis, PhD student * Dr. Shriharsh Tendulkar* Dr. Seth Siegel
* Andrew Zwaniga, MSc student * University of Toronto* Prof. Dick Bond
* Nolan Denman, PhD student * Prof. Bryan Gaensler * Dr. Hsiu Hsien Lin * Ryan Mckinven, PhD student* Prof. Ue-Li Pen
* Dr. Mubdi Raham
* Andre Recnik
* Prof. Keith Vanderlinde* NRAO
* Dr. Paul Demorest
* Dr. Scott Ransom
* Perimeter Institute * Utkarsh Giri, PhD student* Dr. Dustin Lang
* Masoud Rafiei Ravandi, PhD student * Prof. Kendrick Smith* WVU
* Prof. Kevin Bandura* MIT
* Dr. Kiyo Masui
Alumni: Dr. Michelle Boyce, Maya Burhanpurkar, Liam Connor, Greg Davis, Prof. David Hanna, Adam Hincks, Peter Klages, Erik Madsen, Neils Oppermann, Graeme Smecher, Kwinten Van Gassen -------------------------Funding
The CHIME telescope was built with principal funding from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation with partnership from the Provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec. The CHIME project also receives funding from NSERC and CIFAR. The CHIME team acknowledges significant contributions from the following companies: AMD, Cisco, Rogers, and Xilinx.Publications
* A Second Source of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, 2019, Nature, in press * Observations of Fast Radio Bursts at Frequencies down to 400Megahertz
The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, 2019, Nature, in press * The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Project: System Overview The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, 2018, ApJ, 863, 48 * First detection of fast radio bursts between 400 and 800 MHz byCHIME/FRB
The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, 2018, ATEL #11901 * The cloverleaf antenna: A compact wide-bandwidth dual-polarizationfeed for CHIME
Deng, M. et al. 2014, 16th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics, 1 * Limits on the ultra-bright Fast Radio Burst population from theCHIME Pathfinder
Amiri et al. 2017, Astrophys. J. 844, 161 * CHIME FRB: An application of FFT beamforming for a radio telescope Ng, C. et al., 2017, accepted to XXXIInd International Union of Radio Science General Assembly & Scientific Symposium * ICE: A Scalable, Low-Cost FPGA-Based Telescope Signal Processing and Networking System Bandura et al. 2016, Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation, 5,1641005
* Holographic Beam Mapping of the CHIME Pathfinder Array Berger et al. 2016, Proc. SPIE, 9906, 99060D * A compression scheme for radio data in high performance computing Masui et al. 2015, Astronomy & Computing, 12, 181 * GPU Kernels for High-Speed 4-Bit Astrophysical Data Processing Klages et al. 2015, IEEE ASAP Conference * A GPU-based Correlator X-engine Implemented on the CHIME Pathfinder Denman et al. 2015, IEEE ASAP Conference * An Efficient Real-time Data Pipeline for the CHIME PathfinderX-engine
Recnik et al. 2015, IEEE ASAP Conference * Coaxing Cosmic 21 cm Fluctuations from the Polarized Sky usingm-mode Analysis
Shaw et al. 2015, Phys. Rev. D 91, 083514 * Managing Hardware Configurations and Data Products for the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Hincks, Shaw & CHIME Collaboration, 2015, ASPC, 495, 523 * Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) Pathfinder Bandura et al. 2014, Proc. SPIE, 9145, 914522 * Calibrating CHIME, A New Radio Interferometer to Probe Dark Energy Newburgh et al. 2014, Proc. SPIE, 9145, 91454V * A Radio-Frequency-over-Fiber link for large-array radio astronomyapplications
Mena et al. 2013, Journal of Instrumentation, 8 T10003 * All-Sky Interferometry with Spherical Harmonic Transit Telescopes Shaw et al. 2013, Astrophysical Journal, 781, 57News
CHIME in the News
Thanks to Canadian Telescope, Scientists Are Closer to Solving One of Astronomy’s Biggest Mysteries Published January 10, 2019 Researchers using a powerful new Canadian telescope have detected six fast radio bursts from the same spot in the sky — a rare‘repeater’
What Explains the Fascinating Radio Bursts from Outer Space Published January 10, 2019 Don Lincoln writes that while there are multiple theories to explain the recent fast radio bursts, it's unlikely aliens are trying to makecontact with Earth.
Canadian Telescope Finds Mysterious Radio Flashes from Deep Space Published January 9, 2019 Haul from new radio array includes a second repeating fast radio burst Bevy of Mysterious Fast Radio Bursts Spotted by Canadian Telescope Published January 8, 2019 Bounty includes second known example of a repeating burst Load more news storiesGallery
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CHIME in a late stage of cylinder construction. CHIME in late stages of construction, shown with a crane. CHIME is located at DRAO near Penticton, BC. The CHIME Pathfinder, viewed from the north. The CHIME cylinder surface as viewed from one end. View of CHIME under some morning clouds. The CHIME Pathfinder, viewed from the west. Adam Hincks near the forms for the first few support feet for CHIME. Birgit Rogalla surveying the shapes of the CHIME reflectors with a total station and retro-reflectors on a small cart. Cherry Ng connects fibreoptic cables to CHIME. David Hanna and Kwinten Van Gassen install cassettes with antenna and amplifiers attached on the CHIME focal line. David Hanna works on plumbing for CHIME cooling system. Gilbert Hsyu installs coaxial cable trays for CHIME. The team from Greyback near the stairs of Cylinder C near to the end of CHIME cylinder construction. The foreman, Dwaye Crashley is at theleft.
CHIME student installs amplifiers for CHIME Pathfinder. Ziggy Pleunis and Vicky Kaspi display their cabling prowess outside the East Receiver Hut vestibule. Iain Stewart from NRC tours the East Receiver Hut during CHIMEconstruction.
Keith Vanderlinde installs graphics processing units for the CHIMEcorrelation.
Laura Newburgh and David Hanna prepare to install cassettes with antenna and amplifiers attached on the focal line. Mandana Amiri installs coaxial cables for CHIME. CHIME students collaborate to assemble trays to hold coaxial cablesfor CHIME.
Seth Siegel and Nolan Denman discuss fiberoptic cable routing at aCHIME receiver hut.
Philippe Berger stands atop the CHIME focal line. Richard Shaw installs coaxial cables to the CHIME receiver hutbulkhead.
Seth Siegel and Kwinten Van Gassen install fiberoptic cables. The East CHIME Pathfinder cylinder, with antennas installed. The CHIME Pathfinder can be found at the end of the rainbow. The CHIME Pathfinder under the stars. The CHIME site at DRAO, prior to CHIME construction. The CHIME team celebrates the completion of the Pathfinder instrument. Cables are delivered for the CHIME Pathfinder. CHIME cylinders under construction. CHIME site construction. Early stages of CHIME construction. Early stages of CHIME construction. Laying concrete supports for CHIME cylinders. Early stages of CHIME construction. Laying concrete supports for CHIME cylinders. CHIME in the moonlight, viewed from the northwest. CHIME at night, viewed from the northwest. The CHIME cylinder surface, viewed in the starlight. A view of the CHIME site from the south. Left to Right: CHIME, the John A. Galt 26 m telescope, the CHIME Pathfinder. CHIME cylinders viewed from the northeast. The CHIME cylinder surface, viewed in sunlight. Open Image in New TabPeople
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