Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
More Annotations
A complete backup of xdlatino.blogspot.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of explicithistoire.wordpress.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Favourite Annotations
A complete backup of friskissvettis.se
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of fireflyspace.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of tusimagenesde.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of findyourmatchs.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of pheromonetalk.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Text
BBC Online
BBC WEATHERSEARCH FOR A LOCATIONIPLAYERLONDONMANCHESTERFAQSFLOODWARNINGS
Latest weather conditions and forecasts for the UK and the world. Includes up to 14-days of hourly forecast information, warnings, maps, and the latest editorial analysis and videos from the BBC THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual Garden BBC - LEARN FRENCH WITH FREE ONLINE LESSONS Learn how to speak French with audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and tests. Plus slang and French TV BBC - HOMES - PROPERTY - MORTGAGE CALCULATOR Mortgage calculator. A quick and easy way to calculate your monthly mortgage payments. Simply enter the amount you wish to borrow, the term over which you intend to pay it off and the interest rate. BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
BBC WEATHERSEARCH FOR A LOCATIONIPLAYERLONDONMANCHESTERFAQSFLOODWARNINGS
Latest weather conditions and forecasts for the UK and the world. Includes up to 14-days of hourly forecast information, warnings, maps, and the latest editorial analysis and videos from the BBC THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual Garden BBC - LEARN FRENCH WITH FREE ONLINE LESSONS Learn how to speak French with audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and tests. Plus slang and French TV BBC - HOMES - PROPERTY - MORTGAGE CALCULATOR Mortgage calculator. A quick and easy way to calculate your monthly mortgage payments. Simply enter the amount you wish to borrow, the term over which you intend to pay it off and the interest rate.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and testsBBC PODCASTS
BBC Radio 4, speech for curious minds. News, arts, comedy, politics, readings, discussion, documentaries, drama, history, money, andscience.
WWW.BBC.CO.UK
{"programme":{"type":"brand","pid":"b007v009","expected_child_count":null,"position":null,"image":{"pid":"p02lrnkz"},"media_type":null,"title":"NationalLottery Jet
BBC WORLD SERVICE
From To Days Frequency (kHz) 05:00 06:00 Daily 5875 05:00 07:00 Daily6005 06:00
BBC - RELIGIONS - CHRISTIANITY: PENTECOST Pentecost is regarded as the birthday of the Christian church ©. Pentecost is the festival when Christians celebrate the gift of the Holy Spirit. It is celebrated on the Sunday 50 days after BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: VIKING RELIGION The Viking Age was a period of considerable religious change in Scandinavia. Part of the popular image of the Vikings is that they were all pagans, with a hatred of the Christian Church, but this BBC - HISTORY - VIKING WEAPONS AND WARFARE The Vikings were daring masters of the sea. Their swift wooden longships, equipped with both sails and oars, enabled them to mountpiratical raids on
BBC - RELIGION: ZOROASTRIANISM Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago. expand all. BBC - RELIGIONS - SIKHISM: THE FIVE KS The 5 Ks are 5 physical symbols worn by Sikhs who have been initiated into the Khalsa. The five Ks are: Kesh (uncut hair) Kara (a steel bracelet) Kanga (a wooden comb) Kaccha - also spelt, Kachh BBC - RELIGIONS - CHRISTIANITY: SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS Seventh-day Adventists. The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a Millennialist Protestant Christian denomination that was founded in the 1860s in the USA. The name Seventh-day Adventist is BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and testsGCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio. MAKE THE MOMENTS THAT MATTER. JOIN THE BBC. We’re one of the most creative organisations in the world, offering a rewarding, exciting and impactful career.Explore benefits Culture and DiversityIt’s our job to make content that informsBBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual GardenBBC WORLD SERVICE
The Flatmates, an English language teaching soap. The language pointpage for episode 21
BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and testsGCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio. MAKE THE MOMENTS THAT MATTER. JOIN THE BBC. We’re one of the most creative organisations in the world, offering a rewarding, exciting and impactful career.Explore benefits Culture and DiversityIt’s our job to make content that informsBBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual GardenBBC WORLD SERVICE
The Flatmates, an English language teaching soap. The language pointpage for episode 21
BBC PODCASTS
BBC Radio 4, speech for curious minds. News, arts, comedy, politics, readings, discussion, documentaries, drama, history, money, andscience.
WWW.BBC.CO.UK
{"programme":{"type":"brand","pid":"b007v009","expected_child_count":null,"position":null,"image":{"pid":"p02lrnkz"},"media_type":null,"title":"NationalLottery Jet
BBC - HOME
BBC - Home
LEARNING ENGLISH
Last updated at 10:13 BST, Friday, 07 June 2013. Goodbye. A crossword about ways of saying goodbye BBC - HOMES - PROPERTY - NOTIFY CHECKLIST Checklist of all parties to notify about your move. Who to notify checklist. If you're moving house, it's important to inform the relevant people of your departure.BBC WORLD SERVICE
a five o'clock shadow: is a kind of beard or moustache (but not a full beard or moustache) that a man gets if he doesn't shave for a day or two matronly (adj): an older woman who is plump bald BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: THE QUEEN OF SHEBA Hollywood, too, has fallen under her spell, releasing its own polished epic version of her story in the glossy Solomon and Sheba of 1959. Thesources
BBC - LANGUAGES - SPANISH - MI VIDA LOCA Mi Vida Loca is an immersive video mystery set in Spain to help you learn simple Spanish BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: HOW DO WE KNOW To understand the Vikings as a 'people' 19th-century historians turned to the written evidence of sagas and chronicles. However, the documents don't tell BBC - HISTORY - WORLD WARS: WHY CHURCHILL LOST IN 1945 Politics in peacetime. Between 1940 and 1945 Winston Churchill was probably the most popular British prime minister of all time. In May 1945 his approval rating in the opinion polls, which had BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and testsBBC - HOME
Fried chicken. by Tom Kerridge. Tom Kerridge's amazing fried chicken recipe is sure to satisfy your cravings for juicy, smoky, spicy fast food. Match it with coleslaw for a touch of nostalgia GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual GardenBBC WORLD SERVICE
Alice is exhausted by her work at the hospital. Helen is tired of studying. We can use -ing adjectives to say how something or someone makes us feel: Alice's job is BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and testsBBC - HOME
Fried chicken. by Tom Kerridge. Tom Kerridge's amazing fried chicken recipe is sure to satisfy your cravings for juicy, smoky, spicy fast food. Match it with coleslaw for a touch of nostalgia GAMES FOR KIDS AND EARLY YEARS ACTIVITIES CBeebies helps pre-schoolers learn whilst they play fun games, watch clips, sing songs and make things with their favourite CBeebies characters and shows.TENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual GardenBBC WORLD SERVICE
Alice is exhausted by her work at the hospital. Helen is tired of studying. We can use -ing adjectives to say how something or someone makes us feel: Alice's job isBBC - GARDENING
Get gardening advice from BBC experts; identify pests and diseases, use the Plant finder and the Virtual GardenBBC PODCASTS
BBC Radio 4, speech for curious minds. News, arts, comedy, politics, readings, discussion, documentaries, drama, history, money, andscience.
WWW.BBC.CO.UK
{"programme":{"type":"brand","pid":"b007v009","expected_child_count":null,"position":null,"image":{"pid":"p02lrnkz"},"media_type":null,"title":"NationalLottery Jet
BBC - HOMES - PROPERTY - NOTIFY CHECKLIST Who to notify checklist. If you're moving house, it's important to inform the relevant people of your departure. Use our handy checklist to ensure no-one is forgotten. Services and utilities. BBC - RADIO 1 - KEEPING IT PEEL - SESSIONS The Peel Sessions are the stuff of legend. They broke all the rules and engaged the listener with rough and ready mixes of some of the world's most weird, wonderful and wired bands. BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: THE QUEEN OF SHEBA Hollywood, too, has fallen under her spell, releasing its own polished epic version of her story in the glossy Solomon and Sheba of 1959. Thesources
LEARNING ENGLISH
Last updated at 10:13 BST, Friday, 07 June 2013. Goodbye. A crossword about ways of saying goodbye BBC - LANGUAGES - SPANISH - MI VIDA LOCA Mi Vida Loca is an immersive video mystery set in Spain to help you learn simple Spanish BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: HOW DO WE KNOW To understand the Vikings as a 'people' 19th-century historians turned to the written evidence of sagas and chronicles. However, the documents don't tell BBC - HISTORY - WORLD WARS: WHY CHURCHILL LOST IN 1945 Politics in peacetime. Between 1940 and 1945 Winston Churchill was probably the most popular British prime minister of all time. In May 1945 his approval rating in the opinion polls, which had BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.CONTACT HOME
BBC iPlayer help and FAQs. Get support to resolve problems with BBC iPlayer, along with how to guides, FAQs and updates on known issues.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and tests MAKE THE MOMENTS THAT MATTER. JOIN THE BBC. We’re one of the most creative organisations in the world, offering a rewarding, exciting and impactful career.Explore benefits Culture and DiversityIt’s our job to make content that informsTENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC WORLD SERVICE
Alice is exhausted by her work at the hospital. Helen is tired of studying. We can use -ing adjectives to say how something or someone makes us feel: Alice's job is BBC - RELIGIONS - SIKHISM: THE FIVE KS The 5 Ks are 5 physical symbols worn by Sikhs who have been initiated into the Khalsa. The five Ks are: Kesh (uncut hair) Kara (a steel bracelet) Kanga (a wooden comb) Kaccha - also spelt, Kachh BBC - HOMENEWSTVSOUNDSIPLAYERSPORTWEATHER The best of the BBC, with the latest news and sport headlines, weather, TV & radio highlights and much more from across the whole ofBBC Online
THE OFFICIAL HOME OF CBBC Welcome to CBBC. Here you can play free online kids games, watch your favourite shows, chat with celebrities and join in with the fun.BBC PODCASTS
Enjoy BBC audio on the move - a wide range of programmes and highlights are available as podcasts for you to download for free.CONTACT HOME
BBC iPlayer help and FAQs. Get support to resolve problems with BBC iPlayer, along with how to guides, FAQs and updates on known issues.GCSE - BBC BITESIZE
GCSE is the qualification taken by 15 and 16 year olds to mark their graduation from the Key Stage 4 phase of secondary education in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.BBC LANGUAGES
Free online language learning: courses, audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and tests MAKE THE MOMENTS THAT MATTER. JOIN THE BBC. We’re one of the most creative organisations in the world, offering a rewarding, exciting and impactful career.Explore benefits Culture and DiversityIt’s our job to make content that informsTENNIS - BBC SPORT
The home of Tennis on BBC Sport online. Includes the latest news stories, results, fixtures, video and audio.BBC WORLD SERVICE
Alice is exhausted by her work at the hospital. Helen is tired of studying. We can use -ing adjectives to say how something or someone makes us feel: Alice's job is BBC - RELIGIONS - SIKHISM: THE FIVE KS The 5 Ks are 5 physical symbols worn by Sikhs who have been initiated into the Khalsa. The five Ks are: Kesh (uncut hair) Kara (a steel bracelet) Kanga (a wooden comb) Kaccha - also spelt, KachhBBC - HOME
Fried chicken. by Tom Kerridge. Tom Kerridge's amazing fried chicken recipe is sure to satisfy your cravings for juicy, smoky, spicy fast food. Match it with coleslaw for a touch of nostalgiaBBC - HOME
The Hairy Bikers cook some of their favourite comfort food. From feasts for friends and family to meals inspired by pub grub, they create the ultimate feel-good dishes. Episodes Recipes. Showing 1WWW.BBC.CO.UK
{"programme":{"type":"brand","pid":"b007v009","expected_child_count":null,"position":null,"image":{"pid":"p02lrnkz"},"media_type":null,"title":"NationalLottery Jet
BBC PODCASTS
BBC Radio 4, speech for curious minds. News, arts, comedy, politics, readings, discussion, documentaries, drama, history, money, andscience.
BBC - LEARN FRENCH WITH FREE ONLINE LESSONS Learn how to speak French with audio, video and games, including the alphabet, phrases, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, activities and tests. Plus slang and French TVBBC - HOME
Method. Preheat the oven to 180C/200C Fan/Gas 4. To make the chilli sauce, heat the chopped tomatoes, rose harissa, sugar and lemon juice in a small saucepan over a medium heat. Bring to a gentle BBC - ETHICS - EUTHANASIA: ETHICAL PROBLEMS OF EUTHANASIA Euthanasia is illegal in Britain. To kill another person deliberately is murder or manslaughter, even if the other person asks you to kill them. Anyone doing so could potentially face 14 years in BBC - RELIGIONS - CHRISTIANITY: SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS Seventh-day Adventists. The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a Millennialist Protestant Christian denomination that was founded in the 1860s in the USA. The name Seventh-day Adventist is BBC - RELIGIONS - CHRISTIANITY: EUTHANASIA Euthanasia is a grave violation of the law of God, since it is the deliberate and morally unacceptable killing of a human person. Pope John Paul II, Evangelium Vitae, 1995. The BBC - HISTORY - ANCIENT HISTORY IN DEPTH: HOW DO WE KNOW To understand the Vikings as a 'people' 19th-century historians turned to the written evidence of sagas and chronicles. However, the documents don't tellHomepage
ACCESSIBILITY LINKS
* Skip to content
* Accessibility HelpSign in
Notifications
* Home
* News
* Sport
* Reel
* Worklife
* Travel
* Future
* Culture
* Music
* TV
* Weather
* Sounds
* More
Search
Search the BBCSearch the BBCMORE
* Home
* News
* Sport
* Reel
* Worklife
* Travel
* Future
* Culture
* Music
* TV
* Weather
* Sounds
News
BBC NEWS NAVIGATION
Sections
* Home
* Video
* World
* US & Canada
* UK
* Business
* Tech
* Science
* Stories selected
* Entertainment & Arts* Health
* In Pictures
* Reality Check
* World News TV
* Newsbeat
* Special Reports
* Explainers
* The Reporters
* Have Your Say
* More sections
* In Pictures
* Reality Check
* World News TV
* Newsbeat
* Special Reports
* Explainers
* The Reporters
* Have Your Say
Advertisement
Stories
Stories
FUME EVENTS: THE TOXIC GASES THAT MAY BE HARMING AIRCREW ANDPASSENGERS
*
25 February 2020
* Share this with Facebook * Share this with Messenger * Share this with Twitter * Share this with Email * Share this with Facebook * Share this with WhatsApp * Share this with Messenger * Share this with Twitter* Share
Share this with
These are external links and will open in a new window*
*
*
Messenger
Share this with Messenger*
Messenger
Share this with Messenger*
*
*
*
Copy this link
https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-51633897 Read more about sharing. These are external links and will open in a new windowClose share panel
Image copyright Getty Images An incident in January, when a pilot became unresponsive at the controls of a plane coming in to land at Heathrow, is just the latest in a string of potentially dangerous "fume events" going back decades, reports the BBC's Mike Powell. This year, 2020, was only hours old when a British Airways captain issued a Mayday emergency call to the control tower at London'sHeathrow Airport.
Just minutes from landing BA633 from Athens on the evening of 2 January, his co-pilot - the first officer - had slumped at the controls. They were experiencing a "fume event", when toxic air entersthe aircraft.
The BBC has seen the Air Safety Report (ASR) of that event. BA threatens staff with disciplinary action - or even the sack - if they reveal the contents of such confidential reports, but one of them has risked it, arguing that the truth needs to be known. In the ASR the captain notes that he experienced strong smells and then became concerned that his co-pilot wasn't responding to questions and had started breathing rapidly. "By this time his head was dropping forward and he was not really usefully conscious. Approximately seven miles to touchdown, I immediately donned my oxygen mask and stated that I had control. a quick assessment and decision to continue to land. P2 now fully unresponsive." British Airways says: "It's not true that the first officer passed out, he was feeling unwell but neither of the pilots in the cockpit say he fainted." But BA does admit there was a Mayday call, signalling the highest-level of emergency, and a "fume event" on board. The company also points out that all passengers disembarked safely and that the incident has been referred to the Air Accidents InvestigationBranch.
No-one really knows how frequently such events occur, but the BBC has seen evidence that earlier this month another BA aircraft experienced a fume event, which again seriously affected the flight's first officer. It's alleged that the same aircraft was involved in two fume events in 2019, including one in which both pilots were affected - though not incapacitated.FIND OUT MORE
Listen to SOMETHING IN THE AIR? on File on Four on BBC Radio 4 at20:00 on Tuesday
Or catch up later online A veteran of the Air Accidents Investigation Branch estimates that fume events - of varying degrees of seriousness - happen at least twice a day worldwide. A study by the University of Kansas found that there were at least five a day in the United States alone. The cabin crew union BASSA says it happens on average once a day on BA flights. And the European Union's Aviation Safety Agency - or EASA - told the BBC there were more than 100 serious fume incidents within its remit in each of 2017 and 2018. The events vary in type. Sometimes there's smoke - as on BA 422 to Valencia in August 2019. Passenger Gayle Fitzpatrick, who shot the footage in the video below, says BA still hasn't told her what actually happened. BA says this is because it is awaiting the results of a Spanish air accidentinvestigation.
Media playback is unsupported on your device PASSENGER GAYLE FITZPATRICK: "THERE WAS A LOT OF SMOKE POURING INTOTHE PLANE"
Exit player
Media captionPassenger Gayle Fitzpatrick: "There was a lot of smoke pouring into the plane" Sometimes there's just an unpleasant smell. People describe it as "smelly socks", "wet dog", "ozone" or "nail varnish". Sometimes only the crew are affected. Sometimes it's passengers too. The air passengers and crew breathe on board in nearly all jet airliners is "bleed air" taken from the flow of air entering the engine and piped into the cabin. The fear is that it can become contaminated by toxic engine oil, containing chemicals calledorganophosphates.
The airline industry is adamant there's no evidence that fume events do lasting harm. But people who work for airlines are increasingly worried that their health is being damaged, and are recording incidents on their own unofficial fume-event registers. There is still no central database worldwide for all airlines. One worry is that if both pilots were affected by such an incident, a fume event could turn into a catastrophe. In 2016 another BA flight was flying to San Francisco when the pilots issued a PAN PAN emergency - one level down from a Mayday. The BBC has seen a confidential report from a member of the crew, in which he says there were reports of "dizziness, headaches, nausea, itchy red eyes, metallic taste, aggression and most worryingly forgetfulness and confusion, inability to think straight and converse normally". He goes on: "I myself experienced a moment of forgetfulness and an inability to get words out. Twelve crew were giving us cause for concern. Eight crew were on oxygen. We would 'lose' crew who would say they were going to the loo and then they'd be found at the other end of the aircraft - with them not knowing how they got there. "Crew were found in corners with blankets over their heads and others 'stuffing food in their mouths while on oxygen'. Some seemed 'spaced out' and 'slow to respond'. It was discussed about crew being capable for (managing) doors for landing but we had little choice… and hoped for the best, as so many crew had been affected." * How safe is air quality on commercial planes? * British airlines face multiple toxic air claims * BA passengers: Cabin fumes gave us breathing problems One of the crew on board during that PAN PAN emergency didn't want to be identified but told me that during the flight she had a euphoric type feeling, "a giddiness" as she puts it. "I felt disorientated and had an acrid taste at the back of my throat - a bit like the overwhelming effect that you get when you enter a nail bar. My eyes were watering and stinging. The effects after that flight are more worrying. I am regularly out of breath and have a heavy feeling on my chest and night palpitations. I had a hacking cough which three courses of antibiotics wouldn't shift. My memory has declined. The problems with regular doctors (GPs) is that they don't have aviation medicine experience." The parents of another BA crew member believe that their 34-year-old son died because of toxic air on the planes he flew in his 15-yearflying career.
Charlie and Fiona Bass paid £7,000 to cover the costs of a second autopsy - and further tests - on their son Matt Bass, who died in 2014. They say that those tests found organophosphates in Matt's body. At his inquest, BA denied his death was linked to cabin fumes. Image copyright Matt.Bass.co.uk Image caption BA cabin crew member Matt Bass died in 2014 But Matt's local MP, Henry Smith, who represents a number of aircrew and pilots who fly out of Gatwick Airport, in his constituency of Crawley, West Sussex, told the BBC that he was concerned that there had been too many fume events, and too many resulting incidents of "aerotoxic syndrome" as it is sometimes called. "I've had enough constituents come to me, one a suspected death as a result of aerotoxic syndrome and therefore I think it is incumbent on the airlines to ensure that they're not putting this aside as a minor issue but are properly investigating the health and safety of their staff and passengers," he said. Matt Bass was the inspiration for Angel Fleet - a list of those airline staff who have died, compiled by ex crew leader Dee Passon. She told me that she's shocked by how many young people appear on the list. Two of them - Karen Lysakowska and Richard Westgate - were BA pilots, both in their early 40s, when they died. Richard Westgate's post-mortem examination showed damage to his heart and nervous system, attributed by a coroner to an unintentional sleeping pill overdose. But his family says toxic cabin air could have been the cause. In 2015, the senior coroner of Dorset, Sheriff Payne, issued what's called a "Regulation 28 report" about the case to the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and British Airways. In it, he stated: _In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. Matters of Concern are as follows…_ _(1) That organo-phosphate compounds are present in aircraft cabinair._
_(2) That the occupants of aircraft cabins are exposed to organo-phosphate compounds with consequential damage to their health._ _(3) That impairment to the health of those controlling aircraft may lead to the death of occupants._ _(4) There is no real time monitoring to detect such compounds incabin air._
_(5) That no account is taken of genetic variation in the human species, such as would render individuals tolerant or intolerant ofthe exposure._
He concluded that action should be taken. Three years after that guidance, the senior coroner of Berkshire, Heidi Connor, sent a "confidential letter of guidance" prompted by the inquest into the death of Matt Bass, to all coroners in England and Wales. The BBC has seen that confidential letter. It says that should coroners be faced with a death involving a relatively young person who's a frequent flier, who dies in unexplained or complex circumstances, they may wish to consider the need for further post mortem tests and the retentionof samples.
Image
copyright Getty Images Image caption The Boeing Dreamliner does not take cabin air from the engine While crew and their families blame illnesses and deaths on toxic air, there's no real way of monitoring fume events. In a search for a solution, Pall Aerospace is developing monitoring filters which EasyJet says it will trial later this year. The Boeing 787 Dreamliner also uses a different system to provide cabin air - not the conventional bleed air system - but Dai Whittingham who's CEO of the UK Flight Safety Committee says organophosphates have been detected on the Dreamliner too. "The question I think becomes, 'How much is too much and is there a level of exposure at which people are being made ill?' And that's the type of research that now needs to be done," he says. An ex-Concorde captain, Tristan Loraine, who was medically retired after his health deteriorated has made a film, Everybody Flies, which is going on general release in the UK next month and will be shown to congressmen and senators in the US. In it, Tristan is seen monitoring the air on board a number of planes - something that some frequent-fliers have also started doing. Media playback is unsupported on your device EVERYBODY FLIES: IS THE AIR WE BREATHE ON PLANES CONTAMINATED WITH ULTRA-FINE PARTICLES?Exit player
Media captionEverybody Flies: Is the air we breathe on planes contaminated with ultra-fine particles? Attempts are being made to develop engine oil that is less toxic. It's also possible that electric aircraft engines will start coming on stream. But one expert I spoke to said it would most likely take 20 or 30 years for such engines to become available for commercial airliners carrying hundreds of passengers. Meanwhile the patience of flight attendants and pilots, who have long been demanding action from the airline industry, has worn thin. After years of gathering evidence, 10 lead cases against four UK airlines are due at the Royal Courts of Justice this year. Unite, the union behind the action, says it wants the public to know about the aviation industry's biggest secret. "An extraordinary amount of powerful evidence has been gathered," says General Secretary HowardBeckett.
"The simple reality for us is that our members are at risk from low-level exposure and it is a simple reality that frequent fliers will also be at risk as a result," he told me. The BBC asked to interview British Airways, Easyjet, Lufthansa and Ryanair. No-one was available. It was the same with aircraft manufacturers Boeing, Airbus and Bombardier. Likewise the regulators, the CAA in the UK, EASA in Europe and the FAA in America. But they do collectively argue that cabin air is always safe - and that it would be wrong to conclude that any illnesses or deaths of those who work on airliners are a result of working or travelling in an aircraft. The CAA did issue a statement, though. "Our priority is always the safety of passengers and crew and we continue to work with airlines, manufacturers and international regulators to drive improvements in safety standards across theindustry," it said.
"The overall conclusion of independent studies and evidence reviews is that there is no positive evidence of a link between exposure to contaminants in cabin air and possible acute and long-term health effects, although such a link cannot be excluded." Image copyright Getty Images The industry says that testing fume events is tricky, because they're isolated and hard to predict. They point to European tests on 61 flights which suggest that cabin air is as good as or better than at home. EASA has been trying to replicate fume events on the ground in alaboratory.
British Airways also provided a statement. "As a responsible employer, we always encourage our colleagues to tell us about any concerns, with reports passed onto the Civil Aviation Authority. Safety is our first priority and every report is thoroughly investigated, with typically 151 engineering checks before an aircraft is cleared," it said. "Fume or odour events have been found to be caused by a wide range of issues, including burnt food in the oven, aerosols and e-cigarettes, and de-icing fluid. We would never operate an aircraft if we believed it posed any health or safety risk to our customers or crew." EasyJet says: "EasyJet is a responsible employer and operates one of the world's most modern fleets and our aircraft are all fully compliant with the latest standards in terms of air quality and airconditioning.
"The health and wellbeing of our passengers and crew is EasyJet'shighest priority."
Image copyright Getty Images When I flew as air crew between 1988 and 1997, the world was a very different place. My colleagues and I had to work in cabins filled with thick clouds of cigarette smoke. Now, in another century, although cabins are tobacco-free, we've heard there could be something in the air that's for the most part unseen, but potentially very harmful. While we await the outcome of numerous court cases and the results of further research and reports, the Air Accidents Investigation Branch says it plans to publish a report on fume events later this year. Meanwhile Dee Passon, who compiles Angel Fleet, says that her list of dead crew members is growing. And she adds: "I know it is affecting passengers as well - but most passengers aren't making the connection. When they do, then airlines are going to be forced to do something about this." _Listen to Mike Powell's radio documentary, Something in the Air, on File on Four, on BBC Radio 4, at 20:00_RELATED TOPICS
* Civil Aviation Authority* Aviation safety
* Air Accidents Investigation Branch* Long Reads
* Air travel
* Aerospace
* Aviation accidents and incidents * London Heathrow Airport* British Airways
SHARE THIS STORY ABOUT SHARING* Messenger
* Messenger
STORIES
'WHY I DON'T WANT TO LIVE IN A HOUSE'*
24 February 2020
* From the section Stories Full article 'Why I don't want to live in a house' DEAD WITHIN THREE HOURS OF ARRIVAL AT A RUSSIAN PRISON*
23 February 2020
* From the section Stories Full article Dead within three hours of arrival at a Russian prisonVideo
Video
USING YOUTUBE TO EXPLAIN RELIGION*
22 February 2020
* From the section Stories Full article Using YouTube to Explain ReligionTOP STORIES
HIGH-STAKES DEBATE HAS SANDERS IN THE CROSSHAIRS The televised showdown before South Carolina and Super Tuesday primaries was a series of messy attacks. 2 hours ago HOW LEFT-WING IS THE DEMOCRATIC 2020 FIELD? 24 February 2020 EUROPE'S CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK SPREADS FROM ITALY51 minutes ago
Advertisement
FEATURES
HIGH-STAKES DEBATE HAS SANDERS IN THE CROSSHAIRS HOW FEAR SET IN OVERNIGHT IN SRI LANKA WHY A TEXAS COUNTY HAD A RADICAL RETHINK ON CRIMEAdvertisement
WHAT DID THE TRUMP-MODI ‘BROMANCE’ ACHIEVE? THE SOUND THAT IS DISAPPEARING FROM AIRPORTSVideo
OUTDOOR CAFE WARMERS SPARK HEATED DEBATE IN PARIS HOW LEFT-WING IS THE US DEMOCRATIC 2020 FIELD? HOW DO YOU SELL SOMETHING TABOO? UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHER OF THE YEAR ELSEWHERE ON THE BBCFOOTBALL PHRASES
15 sayings from around the world Full article Football phrasesMOST READ
MOST READ
* 1 Coronavirus: Outbreak spreads in Europe from Italy * 2 Singer Duffy 'drugged, raped and held captive' * 3 Budget 2020: Chancellor must raise taxes in first Budget, saysIFS
* 4 News Daily: Coronavirus latest, hospital pressures and childcarecost
* 5 Newspaper headlines: Coronavirus 'action plan' and 'masstesting' in UK
* 6 Secret doorway in Parliament leads to historical treasure trove * 7 High stakes Democrat debate has Sanders in the crosshairs * 8 Peter Nygard: FBI raids fashion mogul HQ in sex traffickingprobe
* 9 Delhi clashes: 20 killed as Hindu and Muslim groups clash * 10 Sickest patients 'facing hours stuck on trolleys'Advertisement
Advertisement
Info/CaptionWhy you can trust BBC NewsBBC NEWS NAVIGATION
Sections
* Home
* Video
* World
* World Home
* Africa
* Asia
* Australia
* Europe
* Latin America
* Middle East
* US & Canada
* US & Canada Home
* UK
* UK Home
* England
* N. Ireland
* Scotland
* Wales
* Politics
* Business
* Business Home
* Market Data
* Global Trade
* Companies
* Entrepreneurship
* Technology of Business* Connected World
* Global Education
* Economy
* Tech
* Science
* Stories selected
* Entertainment & Arts* Health
* In Pictures
* Reality Check
* World News TV
* Newsbeat
* Special Reports
* Explainers
* The Reporters
* Have Your Say
BBC NEWS SERVICES
* On your mobile
* On smart speakers
* Get news alerts
* Contact BBC News
EXPLORE THE BBC
* Home
* News
* Sport
* Reel
* Worklife
* Travel
* Future
* Culture
* Music
* TV
* Weather
* Sounds
* Terms of Use
* About the BBC
* Privacy Policy
* Cookies
* Accessibility Help* Parental Guidance
* Contact the BBC
* Get Personalised Newsletters* Advertise with us
* AdChoices / Do Not Sell My Info _Copyright © 2020 BBC._ The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.Details
Copyright © 2024 ArchiveBay.com. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | DMCA | 2021 | Feedback | Advertising | RSS 2.0