TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996. TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA ND ENGINE

The Toyota ND is an inline 4 Toyota diesel engine used in both JDM and European markets.. 1ND-TV. The 1ND-TV (1.4 D-4D) is a compact Inline 4 turbocharged diesel engine.Introduced into European market in 2002 with the Yaris XP1, it was Toyota's first diesel engine to

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996. TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA ND ENGINE

The Toyota ND is an inline 4 Toyota diesel engine used in both JDM and European markets.. 1ND-TV. The 1ND-TV (1.4 D-4D) is a compact Inline 4 turbocharged diesel engine.Introduced into European market in 2002 with the Yaris XP1, it was Toyota's first diesel engine to

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia. LIST OF TOYOTA VEHICLES Toyota vehicles, past and present, sold under the Toyota brand. Most were made by the Toyota Motor Corporation.

TOYOTA A ENGINE

The next major modification was the high-performance 4A-GE, with the fuel injected version, the 4A-GE, being the most powerful.It is speculated that the 4A-GE is actually a road-going version of the Ford Cosworth BDA racing engine, reverse engineered by Toyota as the bore and stroke dimensions are similar and there are many similarities in the engine design, making it a reliable engine for

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GRANVIA

The Toyota Granvia is a large MPV produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota.Available with seven- and eight-seater configurations, it is based on the Hi Ace Powervan. Sales of the Granvia started in Japan in 1995.It has been sold in Europe and Australia and at different destinations in Asia including Hong Kong. The Granvia comes in petrol or diesel (3.0 L) and in two-wheel drive or four

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross. TOYOTA A TRANSMISSION Toyota Motor Corporation's A family is a family of automatic FWD/RWD/4WD transmissions built by Aisin-Warner.They share much in common with Volvo's AW7* and Aisin-Warner's 03-71* transmissions, which are found in Suzukis, Mitsubishis, and other Asian vehicles.

TOYOTA FJ40

The Toyota FJ40 is the model designation for a Toyota Land Cruiser 40 series made from 1960 until 1984. Most 40 series Land Cruisers were built as two-door vehicles with approximately the same dimensions as a Jeep CJ.. The model was also available under the BJ40 / 41 / 42 ( short wheelbase ),BJ43 / 44 / 46 ( middle wheelbase ) or HJ45 / 47 ( long wheelbase ) designation where it had a Diesel TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 70 SERIES The 70 Series is a family of Toyota Land Cruiser models produced from 1984 until the present day. It replaced the 25 year old 40 Series as the off-road workhorse of the Land Cruiser heritage, while the 60 Series (and later the 80, 100 and 200 Series) developed into more comfortable passenger off-road vehicles. Despite major changes in styling and numerous technological updates, the 70 Series TABC, INC. - TOYOTA WIKI TABC, Inc. TABC is a manufacturing plant in Long Beach, California. Established in 1972, TABC is the oldest Toyota North American manufacturing company. A subsidiary of TEMA (Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America Inc.), the plant occupies 30 acres. It is the primary supplier of parts for the Toyota Tacoma truck

sub-assembly.

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

LIST OF TOYOTA VEHICLES Toyota Celica (1970-2006) Toyota Celsior (1989-2005, also sold as the Lexus LS) Toyota Century (1967-present) Toyota Chaser (1977-2000) Toyota Classic (1996) Toyota Coaster. Toyota Condor (South African built version of the Kijang) Toyota Comfort (1999-present, same as Toyota Crown) Toyota Corsa (1978-1999)

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA HILUX

The Toyota Hilux, and Toyota Tacoma, are compact pickup trucks built and marketed by the Toyota Motor Corporation.The Hilux name was adopted as a replacement for the Stout in 1969, and remains in use worldwide. In North America, the Hilux name was retired in 1976 in favor of Truck, Pickup Truck, or Compact Truck, until it was renamed

the Tacoma in 1995.

TOYOTA GR ENGINE

Toyota G engine. The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, die-cast V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. Some versions use MFI, some have direct gasoline injection, and some have a combination of direct injection and MFI. This engine series also has 4 valves per cylinder, features

TOYOTA UR ENGINE

The Toyota UR engine family is a 32-valve quad-camshaft V8 piston engine series which was first introduced in 2006, starting with the 1UR-FSE engine with direct injection for the 2007 Lexus LS.The series launched with a die-cast aluminum block, aluminum heads, and magnesium cylinder covers. The UR engine has been produced in 4.6, 5.0, and 5.7 liter displacement versions. TOYOTA A TRANSMISSION Toyota Motor Corporation's A family is a family of automatic FWD/RWD/4WD transmissions built by Aisin-Warner.They share much in common with Volvo's AW7* and Aisin-Warner's 03-71* transmissions, which are found in Suzukis, Mitsubishis, and other Asian vehicles.

TOYOTA F ENGINE

The F engine is a 3.9 liter, 75/93 kW (105/125 hp), carburated gasoline engine that is capable of 261/289 N·m (189/209 ft·lbf) of torque at 2000 RPM; the difference in power and torque is different depending on the export destination.The original design was started in the early 1950s when Toyota had begun to export their vehicles

internationally.

TOYOTA MZ ENGINE

Toyota MZ engine. The Toyota MZ engine family is a V6 piston engine series. The MZ series has an aluminium engine block and aluminium alloy DOHC cylinder heads. The cylinders are lined with cast iron, and is of a closed deck design (no open space between the bores). It uses multiport fuel injection (MFI), has 4 valves per cylinder and features

HINO LIESSE

The Hino Liesse (kana:日野・リエッセ) is a light-duty bus built by Hino.The range was primarily available as city bus and tourist coach. Models. KC-RX4JFAA (1995) KK

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996.

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA ND ENGINE

The Toyota ND is an inline 4 Toyota diesel engine used in both JDM and European markets.. 1ND-TV. The 1ND-TV (1.4 D-4D) is a compact Inline 4 turbocharged diesel engine.Introduced into European market in 2002 with the Yaris XP1, it was Toyota's first diesel engine to TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996.

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA ND ENGINE

The Toyota ND is an inline 4 Toyota diesel engine used in both JDM and European markets.. 1ND-TV. The 1ND-TV (1.4 D-4D) is a compact Inline 4 turbocharged diesel engine.Introduced into European market in 2002 with the Yaris XP1, it was Toyota's first diesel engine to TOYOTA C TRANSMISSION A 5-Speed Manual Transmission for FWD cars. This gearbox is known to develop a fifth gear pop out problem as it ages, primarily due to worn shifter detents caused by the driver resting their hand on the shifter. (This was supersede by C52 Transmission) Is used in the early mk1 (AW11) MR2. Gear ratios for this transmission.

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia. LIST OF TOYOTA VEHICLES Toyota Celica (1970-2006) Toyota Celsior (1989-2005, also sold as the Lexus LS) Toyota Century (1967-present) Toyota Chaser (1977-2000) Toyota Classic (1996) Toyota Coaster. Toyota Condor (South African built version of the Kijang) Toyota Comfort (1999-present, same as Toyota Crown) Toyota Corsa (1978-1999)

TOYOTA A ENGINE

The next major modification was the high-performance 4A-GE, with the fuel injected version, the 4A-GE, being the most powerful.It is speculated that the 4A-GE is actually a road-going version of the Ford Cosworth BDA racing engine, reverse engineered by Toyota as the bore and stroke dimensions are similar and there are many similarities in the engine design, making it a reliable engine for

TOYOTA F ENGINE

The F engine is a 3.9 liter, 75/93 kW (105/125 hp), carburated gasoline engine that is capable of 261/289 N·m (189/209 ft·lbf) of torque at 2000 RPM; the difference in power and torque is different depending on the export destination.The original design was started in the early 1950s when Toyota had begun to export their vehicles

internationally.

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GR ENGINE

Toyota G engine. The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, die-cast V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. Some versions use MFI, some have direct gasoline injection, and some have a combination of direct injection and MFI. This engine series also has 4 valves per cylinder, features TOYOTA A TRANSMISSION Toyota Motor Corporation's A family is a family of automatic FWD/RWD/4WD transmissions built by Aisin-Warner.They share much in common with Volvo's AW7* and Aisin-Warner's 03-71* transmissions, which are found in Suzukis, Mitsubishis, and other Asian vehicles.

TOYOTA FJ40

The Toyota FJ40 is the model designation for a Toyota Land Cruiser 40 series made from 1960 until 1984. Most 40 series Land Cruisers were built as two-door vehicles with approximately the same dimensions as a Jeep CJ.. The model was also available under the BJ40 / 41 / 42 ( short wheelbase ),BJ43 / 44 / 46 ( middle wheelbase ) or HJ45 / 47 ( long wheelbase ) designation where it had a Diesel TABC, INC. - TOYOTA WIKI TABC, Inc. TABC is a manufacturing plant in Long Beach, California. Established in 1972, TABC is the oldest Toyota North American manufacturing company. A subsidiary of TEMA (Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America Inc.), the plant occupies 30 acres. It is the primary supplier of parts for the Toyota Tacoma truck

sub-assembly.

TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 70 SERIES The 70 Series is a family of Toyota Land Cruiser models produced from 1984 until the present day. It replaced the 25 year old 40 Series as the off-road workhorse of the Land Cruiser heritage, while the 60 Series (and later the 80, 100 and 200 Series) developed into more comfortable passenger off-road vehicles. Despite major changes in styling and numerous technological updates, the 70 Series

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA WIKI

Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand was established, the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia.

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996.

TOYOTA S ENGINE

Toyota S engine. Manufacturer. Toyota Motor Corporation. Production. 1982-2007. The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder

heads.

TOYOTA JZ ENGINE

1JZ-GE. The 2.5 L (2491 cc) 1JZ version was produced from 1990 to 2007 (last sold in the Mark II BLIT Wagon). Cylinder bore was 86 mm (3.39 in) and stroke was 71.5 mm (2.81 in). It was a 24-valve DOHC engine with two belt-driven camshafts.. Output for the non-turbo 1JZ-GE was 200 hp JIS (147 kW) at 6000 rpm and 185 ft.lbf (250 Nm) at 4000 rpm.. Like all JZ-series engines, the early 1JZ-GE is

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA TACOMA

The Toyota Tacoma is a compact pickup truck manufactured by the Toyota Motor Company since 1995. It is essentially the Toyota Hilux modified and rebadged for North America.The second-generation Tacoma was Motor Trend Magazine's Truck of the Year for 2005. Currently, it is America's best selling mid-size or compact-size pickup. The Toyota Tacoma is named after the City of

TOYOTA MZ ENGINE

Toyota MZ engine. The Toyota MZ engine family is a V6 piston engine series. The MZ series has an aluminium engine block and aluminium alloy DOHC cylinder heads. The cylinders are lined with cast iron, and is of a closed deck design (no open space between the bores). It uses multiport fuel injection (MFI), has 4 valves per cylinder and features

TOYOTA GRANVIA

The Toyota Granvia is a large MPV produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota.Available with seven- and eight-seater configurations, it is based on the Hi Ace Powervan. Sales of the Granvia started in Japan in 1995.It has been sold in Europe and Australia and at different destinations in Asia including Hong Kong. The Granvia comes in petrol or diesel (3.0 L) and in two-wheel drive or four

TOYOTA GR ENGINE

Toyota G engine. The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, die-cast V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. Some versions use MFI, some have direct gasoline injection, and some have a combination of direct injection and MFI. This engine series also has 4 valves per cylinder, features

TOYOTA FJ40

The Toyota FJ40 is the model designation for a Toyota Land Cruiser 40 series made from 1960 until 1984. Most 40 series Land Cruisers were built as two-door vehicles with approximately the same dimensions as a Jeep CJ.. The model was also available under the BJ40 / 41 / 42 ( short wheelbase ),BJ43 / 44 / 46 ( middle wheelbase ) or HJ45 / 47 ( long wheelbase ) designation where it had a Diesel

TOYOTA WIKI

Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (トヨダ), from the family name of the company's founder, Kiichiro Toyoda.In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out of 27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanese katakana letters for "Toyoda" in a circle. But Risaburo Toyoda, who had married into the family and was not born with that

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

2.0 Litre 2S-E. Second revision of the block. Already equipped with EFI.This particular engine was used in the Toyota Camry and in the Celica on the US market. Last of the few S engines which is not equipped with twincams.The single overhead cam was fitted with bucket tappets with so called "hockey puck" adjusting discs.. 3S-FE TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA WIKI

Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (トヨダ), from the family name of the company's founder, Kiichiro Toyoda.In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out of 27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanese katakana letters for "Toyoda" in a circle. But Risaburo Toyoda, who had married into the family and was not born with that

TOYOTA VISTA

TOYOTA A ENGINE

TOYOTA ECHO

The Toyota Echo is a model name previously used by the Toyota Motor Corporation on the export version of two different models. The Echo is a compact, entry-level model that is perhaps most popular for its fuel efficiency. Introduced in 1999 and discontinued in 2005, the Echo along with its successor uses an engine (1.5L) similar to the one that powered the "Tercel."

TOYOTA CRESSIDA

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA S ENGINE

2.0 Litre 2S-E. Second revision of the block. Already equipped with EFI.This particular engine was used in the Toyota Camry and in the Celica on the US market. Last of the few S engines which is not equipped with twincams.The single overhead cam was fitted with bucket tappets with so called "hockey puck" adjusting discs.. 3S-FE TOYOTA GTV - TOYOTA WIKI The Toyota GTV was a concept vehicle by Toyota with a gas turbine engine. It was first shown at the 1985 Tokyo Motor Show. A very sophisticated concept vehicle, it was based on the Toyota Carina, and was in fact a proof of concept vehicle slated initially for small-scale production.. Unlike the earlier Chrysler Turbine Car, the GTV had a de-coupled gas turbine with a two-stage heat exchanger

TOYOTA 3S-GE ENGINE

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA TOWNACE

The Toyota TownAce (body type CR21) was introduced by Toyota in Japan in April 1983 as a short wheelbase mid-engined luxury 7/8 seat MPV resembling their Space Cruiser.A 4WD version (body type CR30) was introduced in December 1985. These were produced until a facelift in September 1993 to body type CR31 which ran until October 1996.

TOYOTA S ENGINE

2.0 Litre 2S-E. Second revision of the block. Already equipped with EFI.This particular engine was used in the Toyota Camry and in the Celica on the US market. Last of the few S engines which is not equipped with twincams.The single overhead cam was fitted with bucket tappets with so called "hockey puck" adjusting discs.. 3S-FE

TOYOTA VANGUARD

The Toyota Vanguard is a compact crossover SUV that released in Japan on August 30th, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and based on the third-generation Toyota RAV4 with a long wheelbase. The Vanguard slots between the RAV4 and Kluger.. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability

TOYOTA TACOMA

The Toyota Tacoma is a compact pickup truck manufactured by the Toyota Motor Company since 1995. It is essentially the Toyota Hilux modified and rebadged for North America.The second-generation Tacoma was Motor Trend Magazine's Truck of the Year for 2005. Currently, it is America's best selling mid-size or compact-size pickup. The Toyota Tacoma is named after the City of

TOYOTA ZR ENGINE

1ZR-FE. The Toyota 1ZR-FE is a DOHC, 16 valve, 1.6L (1598cc) engine equipped with Dual VVT-i.This engine is available with either manual gearbox or a "multi-mode" transmission. Output for this engine is rated at 124 hp (92 kW) at 6000 rpm and 116 lb·ft (157 N·m) of torque at 5200 rpm gross.

TOYOTA JZ ENGINE

1JZ-GE. The 2.5 L (2491 cc) 1JZ version was produced from 1990 to 2007 (last sold in the Mark II BLIT Wagon). Cylinder bore was 86 mm (3.39 in) and stroke was 71.5 mm (2.81 in). It was a 24-valve DOHC engine with two belt-driven camshafts.. Output for the non-turbo 1JZ-GE was 200 hp JIS (147 kW) at 6000 rpm and 185 ft.lbf (250 Nm) at 4000 rpm.. Like all JZ-series engines, the early 1JZ-GE is

TOYOTA MZ ENGINE

1MZ-FE. The 1MZ-FE is a 3.0 L (2994 cc) engine.Bore is 87.5 mm and stroke is 83 mm. Output is 168-190 hp @ 5200-5400 rpm with 183-193 ft·lbf of torque at 4400 rpm. Horsepower ratings dropped after the Society of Automotive Engineers implemented a new power measurement system for vehicle engines. It has bucket tappets and was designed for good fuel economy without an overall

TOYOTA GRANVIA

The Toyota Granvia is a large MPV produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota.Available with seven- and eight-seater configurations, it is based on the Hi Ace Powervan. Sales of the Granvia started in Japan in 1995.It has been sold in Europe and Australia and at different destinations in Asia including Hong Kong. The Granvia comes in petrol or diesel (3.0 L) and in two-wheel drive or four

TOYOTA FJ40

The Toyota FJ40 is the model designation for a Toyota Land Cruiser 40 series made from 1960 until 1984. Most 40 series Land Cruisers were built as two-door vehicles with approximately the same dimensions as a Jeep CJ.. The model was also available under the BJ40 / 41 / 42 ( short wheelbase ),BJ43 / 44 / 46 ( middle wheelbase ) or HJ45 / 47 ( long wheelbase ) designation where it had a Diesel

TOYOTA GR ENGINE

The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, die-cast V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. Some versions use MFI, some have direct gasoline injection, and some have a combination of direct injection and MFI.

TOYOTA WIKI

From Toyota Wiki

Jump to navigation Jump to search Toyota Motor Corporation _Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki-gaisha_ トヨタ自動車株式会社

TYPE

Public

(TYO :

7203 ) & (NYSE

: TM

)

FOUNDED

1937

FOUNDER(S)

Kiichiro Toyoda

HEADQUARTERS

Aichi , Nagoya

and Tokyo

, Japan

KEY PEOPLE

Kiichiro Toyoda (Founder), Fujio Cho (Chairman

and Representative

Director),

Katsuhiro Nakagawa

(Vice

chairman and

Representative Director), Katsuaki Watanabe (President

and

Representative Director), Shoichiro Toyoda (Honorary Chairman)

INDUSTRY

Automotive

Robotics Financial

services

Biotechnology

PRODUCTS

Economy/mainstream/luxury vehicles

MARKET CAP

▼ USD $171.88

billion (2008)

REVENUE

▲ USD $262.39 billion (2008)

OPERATING INCOME

▲ USD $22.61 billion (2008)

NET INCOME

▲ USD $17.15 billion (2008)

TOTAL ASSETS

▲ USD $323.97 billion (2008)

TOTAL EQUITY

▲ USD 118.47 billion (2008)

EMPLOYEES

316,121

SUBSIDIARIES

522

WEBSITE

Toyota.co.jp

TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION (トヨタ自動車株式会社, _ Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki-gaisha

_?

) is a

multinational corporation headquartered in Japan

, and currently the

world's largest automaker

. Toyota

employs approximately 316,000 people around the world. In 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries , it created its first product Type A engine and in 1936 its first passenger car the Toyota AA . The company was eventually founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles

. Toyota

currently owns and operates Lexus and Scion brands and has a majority shareholding stake in Daihatsu Motors, and minority shareholdings in Fuji Heavy Industries ,

Isuzu Motors ,

and Yamaha Motors . The company includes 522 subsidiaries

.

Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City and

Nagoya (both in

Aichi ),

and in Tokyo . In

addition to manufacturing automobiles, Toyota provides financial

services

through its division

Toyota

Financial Services and also creates robots. Toyota Industries and Finance divisions form the bulk of the Toyota Group , one of the largest conglomerates in

the world.

CONTENTS

* 1 Name

* 2 History

* 3 Company overview * 4 Toyota philosophy * 4.1 The Toyota Production System

* 5 Operations

* 5.1 Worldwide presence * 5.1.1 Toyota North America * 6 Electric technology * 6.1 Plug-in hybrids * 6.2 All-electric vehicles

* 7 Prius brand

* 8 Trucks

* 9 Motorsport

* 10 Non-automotive activities

* 10.1 Aerospace

* 10.2 Philanthropy

* 10.3 Higher education

* 10.4 Robotics

* 10.5 Finance

* 10.6 Agricultural biotechnology

* 11 Numbers

* 11.1 Toyota core segment in the market

* 11.2 TRD

* 11.3 Financial information * 11.3.1 Accounting ratios * 12 Total American Sales

* 13 Outcomes

* 14 Environmental record

* 15 See also

* 16 References

* 17 External links

NAME

Toyota headquarters in

Toyota City, Japan

Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (トヨダ), from the family name of the company's founder, Kiichiro Toyoda . In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out of 27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanese katakana

letters for

"Toyoda" in a circle. But Risaburo Toyoda

, who had

married into the family and was not born with that name, preferred "Toyota" (トヨタ) because it took eight brush strokes (a fortuitous number) to write in Japanese, was visually simpler (leaving off two ticks at the end) and with a voiceless consonant instead of a voiced one (voiced consonant is considered "murky" or "muddy" sound compared to the voiceless consonant, which is "clear"). Since "Toyoda" literally means "fertile rice paddies", changing the name also helped to distance the company from associations with old fashioned farming. The newly formed word was trademarked and the company was registered in August 1937 as the "Toyota Motor Company". In predominantly Chinese speaking countries, Toyota is known as "豊田". These are the same characters as the founding family's name "Toyoda" in Japanese, which translate to "fertile rice paddies" in the Chinese language as well. From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name "Toyopet" (トヨペット). The first vehicle sold under this name was the Toyopet SA but it also included vehicles such as the Toyopet SB light truck, Toyopet Stout light truck, Toyopet Crown and the Toyopet Corona . However, when Toyota eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to connotations of Toys and pets. The name was soon dropped for the American market but continued in other markets until the mid

1960's.

HISTORY

Toyota founder Kiichiro Toyoda Toyota automatic loom (Type G) Replica of the Toyota Model AA , the first production model of Toyota in 1936 In 1933, Toyoda Automatic Loom Works created a new division devoted to the production of automobiles under the direction of the founder's son, Kiichiro Toyoda. Kiichiro Toyoda had traveled to Europe and the United States in 1929 to investigate automobile production and had begun researching gasoline-powered engines in 1930. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works was encouraged to develop automobile production by the Japanese government, which needed domestic vehicle production partly due to the worldwide money shortage and partly due to the war with China. In 1934, the division produced its first Type A Engine , which was used in the first Model A1 passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. Production of the Model AA passenger car started in 1936. Early vehicles bear a striking resemblance to the Dodge

Power Wagon

and Chevrolet

, with some parts

actually interchanging with their American originals. Although the Toyota Group is best known today for its cars, it is still in the textile

business and still

makes automatic looms , which are now computerized, and electric sewing machines

which are

available worldwide. Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent and separate company in 1937. Although the founding family's name is Toyoda (豊田), the company name was changed in order to signify the separation of the founders' work life from home life, to simplify the pronunciation, and to give the company a happy beginning. _Toyota_ (トヨタ) is considered luckier than _Toyoda_ (豊田) in Japan, where eight is regarded as a lucky number, and eight is the number of strokes it takes to write _Toyota_ in katakana

. In Chinese

, the

company and its vehicles are still referred to by the equivalent characters (traditional Chinese

:

豐田; simplified Chinese

:

丰田; pinyin :

fēng tián), with Chinese reading. During the Pacific War

(World War II)

the company was dedicated to truck production for the Imperial

Japanese Army

.

Because of severe shortages in Japan , military trucks were kept as simple as possible. For example, the trucks had only one headlight on the center of the hood. The war ended shortly before a

scheduled Allied

bombing run on the Toyota factories in Aichi

.

1947 Toyopet Model SA

1957 Toyopet

Crown

After the war, commercial passenger car production started in 1947 with the model SA . In 1950, a separate sales company, Toyota Motor Sales Co., was established (which lasted until July 1982). In April 1956, the Toyopet dealer chain was established. The following year, the Crown became the first Japanese car to be exported to the United States and Toyota's American and Brazilian

divisions, _Toyota

Motor Sales Inc._ and _Toyota do Brasil S.A._, were also established. Toyota began to expand in the 1960s with a new research and development facility, a presence in Thailand

was established,

the 10 millionth model was produced, a Deming Prize

and

partnerships with Hino Motors

and

Daihatsu were also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan was in April 1963, at Port Melbourne in Australia

. By the end

of the decade, Toyota had established a worldwide presence, as the company had exported its one-millionth unit. With high gas prices and a weak US economy in the summer of 2008, Toyota reported a double-digit decline in sales for the month of June, similar to figures reported by the Detroit Big Three

.

For Toyota, these were attributed mainly to slow sales of its Tundra pickup , as well as shortages of its fuel-efficient vehicles such as the Prius , Corolla and Yaris . In response, the company has announced plans to idle its truck plants, while shifting production at other facilities to manufacture in-demand

vehicles.

COMPANY OVERVIEW

Concept i-unit

Concept PM

The Toyota Motor Company was awarded its first Japanese Quality Control Award at the start 1980s and began participating in a wide variety of Motorsports

. Due to the 1973

oil crisis

consumers in the lucrative U.S. market began turning to small cars with better fuel economy. American car manufacturers had considered small economy cars to be an "entry level" product, and their small vehicles were made to a low level of quality in order to keep the price low. Japanese customers, however, had a long-standing tradition of demanding small fuel-efficient cars that were manufactured to a high level of quality. Because of this, companies like Toyota, Honda

, and Nissan

established a

growing presence in North America in the 1970s. In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, the Toyota Motor Corporation. Two years later, Toyota entered into a joint venture with GM called NUMMI , the _New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc,_ operating an automobile manufacturing plant in Fremont, California. The factory was an old General Motors plant that had been closed for two years. Toyota then started to establish new brands at the end of the 1980s, with the launch of their luxury division Lexus in 1989. In the 1990s Toyota began to branch out from producing mostly compact cars by adding many larger and more luxurious vehicles to its lineup, including a full sized pickup, the T100 (and later the Tundra ), several lines of SUVs, a sport version of the Camry , known as the Camry Solara

, and the Scion

brand, a group

of several affordable, yet sporty, automobiles targeted specifically to young adults. Toyota also began production of the world's best selling hybrid car, the Prius , in 1997. With a major presence with Europe, due to the success of Toyota Team Europe , the corporation decided to set up TMME , _Toyota Motor Europe Marketing & Engineering_, to help market vehicles in the continent. Two years later, Toyota set up a base in the United Kingdom

, _TMUK

_, as the company's

cars had become very popular among British drivers. Bases in Indiana

, Virginia

and Tianjin

were also set up.

In 1999, the company decided to list itself on the New York

and

London Stock Exchange

.

With over 30 million sold, the Corolla is the most popular and best selling

car in the world.

In 2001, Toyota's Toyo Trust and Banking merged to form the UFJ , _United Financials of Japan_, which was accused of corruption by the Japan's government for making bad loans to alleged Yakuza

crime syndicates

with executives accused of blocking Financial Service Agency inspections. The UFJ was listed among _Fortune Magazine's_ largest money-losing corporations in the world, with Toyota's chairman serving as a director. At the time, the UFJ was one of the largest shareholders of Toyota. As a result of Japan's banking crisis, the UFJ was merged again to become Mitsubishi UFJ

Financial

Group.

In 2002, Toyota managed to enter a Formula One

works team and

establish joint ventures with French

motoring companies

Citroën and

Peugeot , a year

after Toyota started producing cars in France. Toyota ranked eight on Forbes 2000 list of worlds leading companies for the year 2005. The company was number one in global automobile sales for the first quarter of 2008.

On December 7 ,

2004 , a U.S. press

release was issued stating that Toyota would be offering Sirius

Satellite Radios

.

However, as late as Jan. 27, 2007, Sirius Satellite Radio

and

XM Satellite radio kits were not available for Toyota factory radios. While the press release enumerated nine models, only limited availability existed at the dealer level in the U.S. As of 2008, all Toyota and Scion models have either standard or available XM radio kits. Major Lexus dealerships have been offering satellite radio kits for Lexus vehicles since 2005, in addition to factory-equipped satellite radio models. In 2007, Toyota released an update of its full size truck, the Tundra , produced in two American factories, one in Texas and one in Indiana. "Motor Trend" named the Tundra "Truck of the Year," and the 2007 Toyota Camry "Car of the Year" for 2007. It also began the construction of two new factories, one to build the RAV4 in Woodstock, Ontario and the other to build the Toyota Prius in Blue Springs, Mississippi. This plant was originally intended to build the Toyota Highlander , but Toyota decided to use the plant in Princeton, Indiana instead. The company has also found recent success with its smaller models - the Corolla and Yaris - as gas prices have risen rapidly in the last few years.

TOYOTA PHILOSOPHY

_Main article: The Toyota Way _

iReal concept chair

Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the company's origins and has been reflected in the terms "Lean Manufacturing

" and

Just In Time Production

,

which it was instrumental in developing. The Toyota Way has four components: 1) Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions, 2) a process for problem-solving, 3) adding value to the organization by developing its people, and 4) recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning. The Toyota Way incorporates the Toyota Production System

.

THE TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM _Main article: Toyota Production System

_

Toyota has long been recognized as an industry leader in manufacturing and production. Three stories of its origin have been found, one that they studied Piggly-Wiggly's

just-in-time

distribution system, one that they followed the writings of W. Edwards

Deming ,

and one that they were given the principles from an Army training program. It is possible that all are true. Regardless of the origin, the principles, described in Toyota's management philosophy, The Toyota Way , are as follows: * Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term goals * Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface * Use "pull" systems to avoid overproduction * Level out the workload * Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right

the first time

* Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment * Use visual control so no problems are hidden * Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes * Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others * Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your company’s

philosophy

* Respect your extended network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them improve * Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation

(genchi genbutsu)

* Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options; implement decisions rapidly * Become a learning organization through relentless reflection and continuous improvement

OPERATIONS

Toyota Pavilion at the Expo in

Aichi

Toyota has grown to a large multinational corporation from where it started and expanded to different worldwide markets and countries by becoming the largest seller of cars in the beginning of 2007, the most profitable automaker ($11 billion in 2006) along with increasing sales in, among other countries, the United States. The world headquarters

of Toyota are

located in its home country in Toyota, Aichi , Japan. Its subsidiary, Toyota Financial Services sells financing and participates in other lines of business. Toyota brands include Scion

and Lexus

and the corporation is part of the Toyota Group . Toyota also owns majority stakes in Daihatsu , and 8.7% of Fuji Heavy Industries , which manufactures Subaru vehicles. They also acquired 5.9% of Isuzu Motors Ltd.

on November 7

, 2006

and will be

introducing Isuzu diesel technology into their products. Toyota has introduced new technologies including one of the first mass-produced hybrid gas-electric vehicles, of which it says it has sold 1 million globally (2007-06-07), Advanced Parking Guidance System (automatic parking), a four-speed electronically controlled automatic with buttons for power and economy shifting, and an eight-speed automatic transmission. Toyota, and Toyota-produced Lexus and Scion

automobiles,

consistently rank near the top in certain quality

and reliability

surveys, primarily J.D. Power and Consumer Reports

.

In 2005, Toyota, combined with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu

Motor Company

,

produced 8.54 million vehicles, about 500,000 fewer than the number produced by GM that year. Toyota has a large market share in the

United States

, but a small

market share in Europe. Its also sells vehicles in Africa and is a market leader in Australia. Due to its Daihatsu subsidiary it has significant market shares in several fast-growing

Southeast Asian

countries.

Century

is the official state car

of the

emperor Akihito .

According to the 2008 Fortune Global 500

, Toyota

Motor is the fifth largest company in the world. Since the recession of 2001, it has gained market share in the United States. Toyota's market share struggles in Europe where its Lexus brand has three tenths of one percent market share, compared to nearly two percent market share as the U.S. luxury segment leader. In the first three months of 2007, Toyota together with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu reported number one sales of 2.348 million units. Toyota's brand sales had risen 9.2% largely on demand for Corolla and Camry sedans. The difference in performance was largely attributed to surging demand for fuel-efficient vehicles. In November 2006, Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas added a facility in San

Antonio

.

Toyota has experienced quality problems and was reprimanded by the government in Japan for its recall practices. Toyota currently maintains over 16% of the US market share and is listed second only to GM in terms of volume. Toyota Century is the official state car

of the

Japanese imperial family

,

namely for the Emperor of Japan

Akihito

.

In January 2009 it announced the closure of all of its Japanese plants for 11 days to reduce output and stocks of unsold vehicles. Early in 2009, although company spokespersons declined confirmation, media sources reported that Akio Toyoda , grandson of the founder, will be promoted in June from vice-president to the position of President, replacing Katsuaki Watanabe.

WORLDWIDE PRESENCE

The Camry is

assembled in several facilities around the world including Australia

, China

,Taiwan

, Japan

, Malaysia

, Philippines

, Russia

, Thailand

, and the United

States .

Toyota has factories all over the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets, including the Corolla . Toyota has manufacturing or assembly plants in

Japan , Australia

, India

, Canada

, Indonesia

, Poland

, South Africa

, Turkey

, Colombia

, the United

Kingdom , the

United States

, France

, Brazil

, Portugal

, and more recently

Pakistan ,

Argentina , Czech

Republic ,

Mexico , Malaysia

, Thailand

, China

, Vietnam

, Venezuela

, the Philippines

, and Russia

.

In 2002, Toyota initiated the "Innovative International Multi-purpose vehicle" project (IMV) to optimize global manufacturing and supply systems for pickup trucks and multipurpose vehicles, and to satisfy market demand in more than 140 countries worldwide. IMV called for

diesel engines

to be made

in Thailand, gasoline engines

in

Indonesia and manual transmissions

in the

Philippines, for supply to the countries charged with vehicle production. For vehicle assembly, Toyota would use plants in Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina and South Africa. These four main IMV production and export bases supply Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Latin America and the Middle East with three IMV vehicles: The Toyota Hilux (Vigo) , the Fortuner , and the

Toyota Innova .

Toyota has invested considerably into cleaner-burning vehicles such as the Prius , based on technology such as the Hybrid Synergy Drive . In 2002, Toyota successfully road-tested a new version of the RAV4 which ran on a

Hydrogen fuel cell

. _Scientific

American

_ called

the company its _Business Brainwave of the Year_ in 2003 for commercializing an affordable hybrid car

.

TOYOTA NORTH AMERICA _Main article: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America

_

Toyota Motor North America headquarters is located in New York City

and operates

at a holding company

level in

North America. Its manufacturing headquarters is located in Hebron, Kentucky, and is known as Toyota Motor Engineering and Manufacturing North America, or TEMA. Toyota Canada Inc. has been in production in Canada since 1983 with an aluminum wheel plant in Delta, British

Columbia

which currently employs a workforce of roughly 260. Its first vehicle assembly plant, in Cambridge, Ontario

since

1988, now produces Corolla compact cars, Matrix crossover vehicles and Lexus RX 350 luxury SUVs, with a workforce of 4,300 workers. Its second assembly operation in Woodstock, Ontario

began

manufacturing the RAV4 late in 2008. In 2006, Toyota's subsidiary Hino Motors opened a heavy duty truck plant, also in Woodstock, employing 45 people and producing 2000 trucks annually. Toyota has a large presence in the United States

with five

major assembly plants in Huntsville, Alabama

;

Georgetown, Kentucky

;

Princeton, Indiana

; San

Antonio, Texas

;

Buffalo, West Virginia

; and

a new one being built in Blue Springs, Mississippi

.

Toyota also has a joint-venture operation with General Motors at New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI), in Fremont,

California

, which

began in 1984, and with Subaru at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. (SIA), in Lafayette,

Indiana ,

which started in 2006. Production on a new manufacturing plant in

Tupelo, Mississippi

is

scheduled for completion in 2010. North America is a major automobile market for Toyota. In these assembly plants, the Camry

and the Tundra are

manufactured, among others. Toyota marketing, sales, and distribution in the U.S. are conducted through a separate subsidiary, Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. Toyota uses a number of

slogans in its

American TV commercials such as _It's time to move forward,_ _Smart way to keep moving forward,_ or _Moving forward._ It has started producing larger trucks

, such as the new

Tundra, to go after the large truck market in the United States. Toyota is also pushing hybrid vehicles in the US such as the Prius , Camry Hybrid, Highlander Hybrid, and various Lexus products. Toyota has sold more hybrid vehicles in the country than any other manufacturer. Toyota is a public corporation

and the

company's shares are traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

, New

York Stock Exchange

and

the London Stock Exchange

.

Toyota also sponsors Club Deportivo Guadalajara

.

ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY

Toyota Prius ,

flagship of Toyota's hybrid technology _Main articles: Hybrid Synergy Drive and Hybrid electric vehicle

_

Toyota is one of the largest companies to push hybrid vehicles in the market and the first to commercially mass-produce and sell such vehicles, an example being the Toyota Prius . The company eventually began providing this option on the main smaller cars such as Camry and later with the Lexus divisions, producing some hybrid luxury vehicles. It labeled such technology in Toyota cars as "HYBRID SYNERGY DRIVE" and in Lexus versions as "LEXUS HYBRID DRIVE." The Prius has become the top selling hybrid car

in America .

Toyota, as a brand, now has three hybrid vehicles in its lineup: the Prius, Highlander, and Camry . The popular minivan Toyota Sienna is scheduled to join the hybrid lineup by 2010, and by 2030 Toyota plans to offer its entire lineup of cars, trucks, and SUVs with a Hybrid Synergy Drive option. The Hybrid Synergy drive is the most widely rolled-out environment-friendly system in the automotive industry to date. More than 1,000,000 units have been sold. Toyota's CEO has committed to eventually making every car of the company a hybrid vehicle. .

Lexus LS 600h

hybrid sedan.

Lexus also has their own hybrid lineup, consisting of the GS 450h , RX 400h , and launched in 2007, the LS 600h/LS 600h L

.

Toyota has said it plans to make a hybrid-electric system available on every vehicle it sells worldwide sometime in the 2010s. Toyota and Honda have already said they've halved the incremental cost of electric hybrids and see cost parity in the future (even without

incentives) .

PLUG-IN HYBRIDS

_Main article: Plug-in hybrid

_

After General Motors

announced it

would produce the Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid

, Toyota

announced that it, too, would make one. Toyota is currently testing its "Toyota Plug-in HV" in Japan, the United States, and Europe. Like GM's Volt, it uses a lithium-ion battery

pack.

The PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) could have a lower environmental impact than existing hybrids. On June 5, 2008, A123Systems

announced that

its Hymotion

plug-in hybrid conversion kits for the Prius would be installed by six dealers, including four Toyota dealerships: Westboro Toyota in Boston, Fitzgerald Toyota in Washington D.C., Toyota of Hollywood in Los Angeles, and the Minneapolis-based Denny Hecker Automotive Group, which sells multiple brands. ALL-ELECTRIC VEHICLES Toyota is speeding up the development of vehicles that run only on electricity with the aim of mass-producing them in the early part of next decade. Road tests for the current prototype, called "e-com", had

ended in 2006.

PRIUS BRAND

_Main article: Toyota Prius _ Toyota might create a separate brand for Prius hybrids and is considering adding larger and smaller Prius models. Such Prius brand would be similar to Scion

. Toyota is not

planning separate dealerships for Prius.

TRUCKS

2007 Tundra Double Cab The Tundra is a full-size pickup truck sold by Toyota that originally went into production in 1999 (as a 2000 model year model), Currently, the Tundra has been on the market for more than half a decade, and has captured 17 percent of the full-size

half-ton market.

The all new Tundra is assembled in two different locations, both inside the United States. The Standard and Double Cabs are assembled in "Truck Country" San Antonio, Texas

, while

the Crew Max is assembled in Gibson County, Indiana

.

Toyota Motor Corporation assembled around 150,000 Standard and Double Cabs, and only 70,000 Crew Max's in 2007. As of November 2008 the San Antonio Plant will be the only one producing Tundra Trucks. In addition to the Tundra, Toyota also produces the Tacoma , with a smaller body and smaller engine than its

bigger brother.

MOTORSPORT

_Main article: Toyota motorsports

_

Toyota is active in the motorsports

and sponsors

such events through their cars among others. NON-AUTOMOTIVE ACTIVITIES

AEROSPACE

Toyota is a minority share holder in Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, having invested US$67.2 million in the new venture which will produce the Mitsubishi Regional Jet

,

slated for first deliveries in 2013. Toyota has also studied participation in the general aviation

market,

and contracted with Scaled Composites

to

produce a proof-of-concept aircraft, the TAA-1

in 2002.

PHILANTHROPY

Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Family Literacy Programme along with National Center for Family Literacy

,

helping low-income community members for education, United Negro

College Fund

(40 annual scholarships

), National

Underground Railroad Freedom Center ($1 million) among others. Toyota created the Toyota USA

Foundation

.

HIGHER EDUCATION

Toyota established the Toyota Technological Institute in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute founded the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago in 2003. Toyota is supporter of the "Toyota Driving Expectations Program," "Toyota Youth for Understanding Summer Exchange Scholarship Program," "Toyota International Teacher Program," "Toyota TAPESTRY," "Toyota Community Scholars" (scholarship for high school students), "United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Internship Program," and "Toyota Funded Scholarship." It has contributed to a number of local education and scholarship programs for the University of

Kentucky

,

Indiana , and

others.

ROBOTICS

Toyota has been developing multitask robots destined for elderly care

,

manufacturing, and entertainment.

FINANCE

Toyota Financial Services Corporation provides financing to Toyota customers. AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Toyota invests in several small start-up businesses and partnerships

in biotechnology

, including:

* P.T. Toyota Bio Indonesia in Lampung

, Indonesia

* Australian Afforestation Pty. Ltd. in Western Australia

and

Southern Australia

* Toyota Floritech Co., Ltd. in Rokkasho-Mura

, Kamikita

District

,

Aomori Prefecture

* Sichuan Toyota Nitan Development Co., Ltd. in Sichuan

, China

* Toyota Roof Garden Corporation

in Miyoshi-Cho

, Aichi

Prefecture

NUMBERS

TOYOTA CORE SEGMENT IN THE MARKET Hybrids are viewed by some automakers

as a core segment

of the future vehicle market.

TRD

_Main article: Toyota Racing Development

_

Toyota Racing Development was brought about to help develop true high performance racing parts for many Toyota vehicles. TRD has often had much success with their after market tuning parts, as well as designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing. FINANCIAL INFORMATION Toyota is publicly traded on the Tokyo

, Osaka

,

Nagoya

,

Fukuoka

, and

Sapporo

exchanges under company code TYO

: 7203

. In addition,

Toyota is foreign-listed on the New York Stock Exchange

under NYSE

: TM

and on the London Stock

Exchange

under

LSE :

TYT

.

Toyota has been publicly traded in Japan since 1949 and internationally since 1999. As reported on its consolidated financial statements, Toyota has 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates. * Toyota Motor North America (100%

- 2004)

* Toyota Tsusho - Trading company for the

Toyota Group

* Toyota Canada Inc. owned via Toyota

Motor North America

* Daihatsu Motor Company

(51.2% - March 31 ,

2006 )

* Lexus 100% (1989) * Scion 100% (2003)

* DENSO (24.74% -

September 30 ,

2006 )

* Toyota Industries (23.51% - March 31

, 2006

* Aisin Seiki Co.

(23.0% -

September 30 ,

2006 )

* Fuji Heavy Industries (16.66% - June

28 , 2008

)

* Isuzu Motors

(5,9% -

November 10 ,

2006 )

* PT Toyota Astra Motor

(49%

- 2003)

* PT Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia

(95% - 2003)

ACCOUNTING RATIOS

+ Toyota Motor Corporation Accounting Ratios

FISCAL YEAR

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

FISCAL YEAR END DATE

3/31/07

3/31/06

3/31/05

3/31/04

3/31/03

3/31/02

Receivables Turnover

3.6

3.7

3.8

2.5

2.5

Receivables - Number of Days

93.8

93.3

114.2

139.0

129.6

Inventory

Turnover

10.7

11.6

11.8

10.9

11.1

Inventory - Number of Days

33.5

31.2

30.5

33.1

32.3

Gross Property, Plant & Equipment Turnover

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.1

Net Property, Plant & Equipment Turnover

3.0

3.2

3.2

2.9

2.8

Depreciation

, Depletion &

Amortization -

% of Gross Property, Plant & Equipment

7.6%

7.1%

7.3%

6.3%

6.1%

Depreciation, Depletion & Amortization - Year to Year Change (Japanese Yen)

21,346.5

2,780.9

11,827.0

4,802.7

5,385.5

Depreciation, Depletion & Amortization - Year to Year % Change

21.4%

2.9%

13.9%

6.0%

7.2%

TOTAL AMERICAN SALES

CALENDAR YEAR

SALES

2000

1,619,206

2001

1,741,254

2002

1,756,127

2003

1,866,314

2004

2,060,049

2005

2,260,296

2006

2,542,524

2007

2,620,825

2008

2,217,662

OUTCOMES

Toyota is now the world’s largest automaker in terms of sales, net worth, revenue, and profits. According to Stephen Spier, Toyota has been an industry leader since the 1960s and has consistently been more productive than its competitors. The company has been widely recognized for the quality of its products and production systems. ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD The Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) implemented its Fourth Environmental Action Plan in 2005. The plan contains four major themes involving the environment and the corporation's development, design, production, and sales. The five-year plan is directed at the, "arrival of a revitalized recycling-based society." Toyota had previously released its Eco-Vehicle Assessment System (Eco-VAS) which is a systematic life cycle assessment

of

the effect a vehicle will have on the environment including production, usage, and disposal. The assessment includes, "... fuel efficiency, emissions and noise during vehicle use, the disposal recovery rate, the reduction of substances of environmental concern,

and CO2 emissions

throughout

the life cycle of the vehicle from production to disposal." 2008 marks the ninth year for Toyota's Environmental Activities Grant Program which has been implemented every year since 2000. Themes of the 2008 program consist of "Global Warming Countermeasures" and "Biodiversity Conservation." Since October 2006, Toyota's new Japanese-market vehicle models with automatic transmissions are equipped with an Eco Drive Indicator. The system takes into consideration rate of acceleration, engine and transmission efficiency, and speed. When the vehicle is operated in a fuel-efficient manner, the Eco Drive Indicator on the instrument panel lights up. Individual results vary depending on traffic issues, starting and stopping the vehicle, and total distance traveled, but the Eco Drive Indicator may improve fuel efficiency by as much as 4%. Along with Toyota's eco-friendly objectives on production and use, the company plans to donate $1 million and five vehicles to the Everglades National Park. The money will be used to fund environmental programs at the park. This donation is part of a program which provides $5 million and 23 vehicles for five national parks and the National Parks Foundation.

SEE ALSO

* Leading firms by activity

* The Toyota Group

* List of Toyota vehicles * List of Toyota engines * List of Toyota transmissions * Toyota automobile collectibles * Toyota Production System

* Toyota Center

, a

sports arena in Houston, Texas

where the

company owns naming rights * Australian Motor Industries

* Toyota Australia

* Toyota Verblitz

- the

company's rugby

team

* Nagoya Grampus

formerly the

company's football (soccer)

club and

still sponsored by them

REFERENCES

* Jump up ↑ TOYOTA: Company > Company Profile * ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2008 Annual Report ending

March 31

* Jump up ↑ TOYOTA: Company > Company Profile * Jump up ↑ G.M. Says Toyota Has Lead in Global Sales Race - New

York Times

* Jump up ↑

http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Investing/Dispatch/Toyota-takes-sales-crown-from-GM.aspx * Jump up ↑ http://www.hino.co.jp/e/pressrelease/press.htmhl

* Jump up ↑

* Jump up ↑ "The Long Run — Toyota: The first 40 years in Australia", Pedr Davis, South Hurstville: Type Forty Pty Ltd, 1999, ISBN 0-947079-908, p24. * Jump up ↑ "Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years", Toyota Motor Corporation, 1988, ISBN 0-517-61777-3, p64. * Jump up ↑ Dawson, Chester (2004). "Lexus: The Relentless Pursuit", Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2004, ISBN

0470821108, p12.

* Jump up ↑ Crown motors HK * Jump up ↑ Toyota archives (English)

(Japanese)

* Jump up ↑ "Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years", Toyota Motor Corporation, 1988, ISBN 0-517-61777-3, p102. * Jump up ↑ "Toyota Truck 48HP", Toyota brochure No. 228, Japan * Jump up ↑ Toyota's 50th Anniversary in America — Toyopet , retrieved on 4 August

2008

* Jump up ↑ Toyota Company History from 1867 to 1939 * ↑ Jump up to: 17.0 17.1 Toyota corporate history/Toyoland * Jump up ↑ "Toyota Names President Outside Founding Family"

,

Andrew Pollack, _The New York Times

_, August

11 , 1995

* Jump up ↑ Historic Toyota Port Melbourne Plant Ends Operations

(AU)

* Jump up ↑ Toyota sputters as market shifts * Jump up ↑ Toyota Cuts Back on Trucks - TIME * Jump up ↑ Loyalty to Detroit 3 slipping away | Freep.com |

Detroit Free Press

* Jump up ↑ NY Times Advertisement * Jump up ↑ Ex-UFJ Execs

._Japan

Times Weekly_: April 30, 2005. * Jump up ↑ UFJ Holdings Inc., company profile _Yahoo Finance_. Retrieved on

May 8, 2007.

* Jump up ↑ "Forbes Global 2000"

.

Forbes.

http://www.forbes.com/lists/results.jhtml?passListId=18&passYear=2004&passListType=Company&searchParameter1=unset&searchParameter2=unset&resultsStart=1&resultsHowMany=100&resultsSortProperties=%2Bnumberfield1%2C%2Bstringfield2&resultsSortCategoryName=rank&passKeyword=&category1=category&category2=category&fromColumnClick=true. Retrieved on 27 December 2008. * Jump up ↑ "Toyota Claims World's Best-Selling Automaker Title

".

_Automotive_ (US News). 2008-04-24. http://usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/cars-trucks/daily-news/080424-Toyota-Claims-World-s-Best-Selling-Automaker-Title/. Retrieved on 27 December 2008. * Jump up ↑ Strategos-International. Toyota Production System and

Lean Manufacturing

.

* Jump up ↑ Liker, J. 2004. "The 14 Principles of the Toyota Way: An Executive Summary of the Culture Behind TPS"

, p. 37. Ann Arbor,

Michigan: University of Michigan. Retrieved: 2008-03-25 * Jump up ↑ "Toyota tops 1 million in hybrid sales" * Jump up ↑ Consumer reports lists Toyota as having the most

reliable cars

* Jump up ↑ _Toyota's plan for Lexus is a reminder of its real

goal_ (August 1 ,

2005 ). Financial

Times, p. 16.

* Jump up ↑ "Toyota Surpasses GM in Global Sales in First Quarter

(Update3)"

,

_Bloomberg.com, 24 April

2007

_

* Jump up ↑ Vella, Matt (July 17, 2006).The Most recalled Cars

_Business Week

Online_ at _Yahoo News_. * Jump up ↑ G.M. narrows sales gap with Toyota on non-U.S. demand

- Salt Lake Tribune

* Jump up ↑ "Toyota to Shut Factories for 11 Days"

.

_The New York Times_. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/business/worldbusiness/07toyota.html?bl&ex=1231390800&en=be40ce4593ec2976&ei=5087%0A. Retrieved on 2009-01-06.

* Jump up ↑

http://www.cnbc.com/id/28566608?__source=RSS*tag*&par=RSS * Jump up ↑ "TOYOTA: IMV Project"

. Toyota.

http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/strategy/imv/index.html. Retrieved on

2008-02-29.

* Jump up ↑

http://www.canadiandriver.com/forum/index.php?topic=60229. * Jump up ↑ http://www.hinocanada.com/index-1.html * Jump up ↑ A New Year's Greeting from Toyota President Katsuaki

Watanabe

* Jump up ↑ "Toyota patents"

* Jump up ↑

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/10/business/10prius.html * Jump up ↑ http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/1025.html * Jump up ↑ Planet Ark : Toyota to Offer Some Plug-Ins by 2010 * Jump up ↑ TOYOTA: Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle * Jump up ↑ Report Toyota PHEV Road Test in Japan + Possible

Unveiling in Fall

* Jump up ↑ "Toyota Dealers Sold on Hymotion Plug-In Hybrids"

.

greentechmedia.com. 2008-06-05. http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/toyota-dealers-sold-on-hymotion-plug-in-hybrids-977.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-05. * Jump up ↑ "Toyota Advances PHEVs to Fleets to 2009; Ford Stays on Sidelines" . Cal Cars Initiative. 2008-08-28. http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/990.html. Retrieved on 2008-09-12. * Jump up ↑ New York Times, 2008-10-10 * Jump up ↑ Toyota to sink $67.2 mln in Mitsubishi passenger jet, China Economic Net, May 23, 2008 * Jump up ↑ Toyota press release of first flight * Jump up ↑ "Toyota Philanthropy"

. Toyota

Motor Corporation. 2001. http://www.toyota.com/about/diversity/2001/philanthropy.html. * ↑ Jump up to: 54.0 54.1 "Toyota Education"

. Toyota

Motor Corporation. 2001. http://www.toyota.com/about/community/education/index.html. * Jump up ↑ "Automotive News - hybrid segment article"

.

Automotive News.

http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070416/REG/70416014/-1. * Jump up ↑ "Toyota for investors, Frequently Asked Questions"

. _Toyota Motor

Corporation Global Site_. Toyota Motor Corporation. 2007-02-02. http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/ir/faq/share.html. Retrieved on

2008-07-11.

* Jump up ↑ Electrick Publications. Toyota - "Accounting Ratios"

.

* Jump up ↑

http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2002/01/03/034042.html

* Jump up ↑

http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/01/05/175869.html

* Jump up ↑

http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/01/04/205039.html

* Jump up ↑

http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2008/01/03/074293.html

* Jump up ↑

http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2009/01/05/346214.html * Jump up ↑ Toyota Outlines Fourth Toyota Environmental Action

Plan japancorp.net

May 13, 2005 retrieved April 30, 2008 * Jump up ↑ Toyota Unveils "Eco-VAS" for Environmental Assessment

Japan's Corporate

News June 16, 2003 retrieved 30 April 2008 * Jump up ↑ Toyota Environmental Activities Grant Program Accepting Applications

Japan's Corporate

News Apr 25, 2008 retrieved 30 April 2008 * Jump up ↑ Toyota to Introduce Eco Drive Indicator; New Feature Aims to Encourage Environmentally Considerate Driving

JCN Newswire Sept

29, 2006 retrieved 30 April 2008 * Jump up ↑ Toyota Announces Million Dollar Donation to Everglades

National Park

.

cnn.money May 06, 2008 retrieved same day * 2005 Toyota Highlander Hybrid.

Retrieved January

11 2004

from CanadianDriver

Communications, Inc. (2004)

* Toyota up close

Sales

figures of Toyota.

* Toyota becomes 3rd ranked US automaker behind GM and Ford

Bloomberg Report.

* Consumer Reports reverses practice of automatically recommending all new Toyota cars and trucks

, Oct 16, 2007

("Consumer Reports will no longer recommend any new or redesigned Toyota-built models without reliability data on a specific design," the publication said in a statement. "Previously, new and redesigned models were recommended because of the automaker's excellent track

record.")

* Toyota Struggles to Meet Hybrid, Small Car Demand

EXTERNAL LINKS

* Toyota Motor official global site, in English * Toyota Motor official global site, in Japanese

v  • d

• e

� previous

— Toyota road car timeline, North American

market,

1980s–present

TYPE

1980s

1990s

2000s

Model year

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Subcompact

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Tercel

Echo

Yaris

Starlet

Corolla FX

Paseo

Paseo

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Compact

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Corolla

Matrix

Matrix

Corona

Camry

Camry

Prius

Mid-size

Prius

Camry

Camry

Camry

Camry

Camry Solara

Camry Solara

Venza

Full-size

Cressida

Cressida

Cressida

Cressida

Avalon

Avalon

Avalon

Sport compact

Corolla GT-S

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Celica

Sports

Celica Supra

Celica Supra

Supra

Supra

MR2

MR2

MR2 Spyder

v  • d

• e

Toyota light truck timeline, North American

market,

1980s–present

TYPE

1980s

1990s

2000s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Compact SUV

RAV4

RAV4

RAV4

FJ Cruiser

Mid-size SUV

Highlander

Highlander

4Runner

4Runner

4Runner

4Runner

Full-size SUV

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Land Cruiser

Sequoia

Sequoia

Minivan

Toyota Van

Previa

Sienna

Sienna

Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Toyota Pickup

Tacoma

Tacoma

T100

Tundra

Tundra

v  • d

• e

Lexus – a division of Toyota Motor Corp. – road vehicle timeline

TYPE

1990s

2000s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Compact

IS

IS

IS F

Mid-size

ES

ES

ES

ES

ES

GS

GS

GS

GS Hybrid

Full-size

LS

LS

LS

LS

LS Hybrid

Crossover

RX

RX

RX Hybrid

SUV

GX

LX

LX

LX

Coupe

SC

SC

v  • d

• e

Scion , a marque of Toyota Motor Corp. , road vehicle timeline

TYPE

2000s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Subcompact

xA

xD

xB

Compact

xB

Coupe

tC

CONCEPT CARS: bbX  · ccX  · t2B  · Fuse  · Hako Coupe

� xP

v  • d

• e

Toyota

Motor Corporation

Marques

Toyota  • Lexus  • Scion • Daihatsu  • Hino

• Subaru (FHI

shareholder) • Isuzu

(shareholder)

Current vehicles

4Runner  • Allion  • Alphard  • Auris  • Avalon  • Avanza  • Avensis  • Aygo  • bB • Belta  • Blade • Brevis  • Caldina • Camry  • Camry Hybrid  • Camry Solara

• Century  •

Coaster  • Corolla

• Corolla Axio

• Corolla Fielder

• Corolla Rumion

• Corolla Spacio

• Corolla Verso

• Crown Athlete

• Crown Hybrid

• Crown Majesta

• Crown Royal

• Dyna  • Estima • FJ Cruiser  • Fortuner  • Harrier  • Harrier Hybrid  • Hiace • Highlander  • Highlander Hybrid  • Hilux • Hilux Surf  • Hilux VIGO  • Innova  • Ipsum

• iQ  • Isis

• ist  • Kijang • Kluger  • Kluger Hybrid  • Land Cruiser • Land Cruiser Prado

• Liteace

• Mark X  • Mark X ZiO  • Mark II Blit

• Matrix  •

MR-S  • Noah  • Passo • Porte  • Premio • Prius  • Probox

• Progrès  •

Ractis  • Raum  • RAV4 • Regius Ace  • Reiz • Rush  • Semibon

• Sequoia

• Sienna  • Sienta

• Soluna Vios

•

Succeed  • Tacoma  • TownAce  • ToyoAce • Tundra  • Vanguard • Venza  • Vios

• Vitz  • Voxy

(ヴォクシー

) •

WISH  • Yaris

Past vehicles

2000GT  • AA  • Allex • Altezza  • Aristo • Aurion  • Cami • Carina  • Carina ED

• Celica  •

Celsior  • Chaser  • Classic  • Comfort

• Corolla Levin

• Corolla Levin (AE86) • Corona  • Corona EXiV

• Cressida  •

Cresta  • Curren  •

Cynos  • FA/DA

•

DA115  •

Duet

(デュエット

) •

Echo  • FJ40  • Fun Cargo

• Granvia  •

Grand Hiace

•

Lexcen

• Mark

II  • Mark II Qualis

• Mega Cruiser

• MR2  • Opa

• Origin  • Paseo • Picnic  • Platz • Pronard  • Publica

• QuickDelivery

• Regius

(レジアス

) •

Revo  • Scepter  • Sports 800  • SA  • Sera  • Soarer  • Sprinter  • Starlet • Stout  • Supra • T100  • Tamaraw • Tercel  • Tiara • Van  • Vellfire • Verossa  • Vista • Voltz  • WiLL

• Windom

Concept vehicles

A-BAT  • Alessandro Volta

• CS&S  •

Camry TS-01  • eCom

• GTV  • F3R

• FINE-N

• FINE-S

• FT-HS

• FT-SX  • FTX

• i-swing

• i-unit

• Motor Triathlon Race Car

• NLSV

• PM

• Pod  • RSC

• Sportivo Coupe

Engines  • Transmissions • Manufacturing Facilities

• Hybrid Synergy

Drive  • Toyota Racing Development

v  • d

• e

Toyota F1

PERSONNEL: Tadashi Yamashina

|

John Howett | Pascal Vasselon CURRENT DRIVERS: Jarno Trulli

| Timo Glock

| Kamui Kobayashi

FORMULA ONE

CARS: TF101 | TF102 | TF103

| TF104 | TF104B

| TF105 | TF105B

| TF106 | TF106B

| TF107 | TF108

| TF109

v  • d

• e

Toyota

sportscar racers

(1968 -

1999)

Group 7 (1968 -

1970)

7

Group C (1983 -

1994)

83C  · 84C

� 85C

� 86C

� 87C

� 88C-V

� 89C-V

� 92C-V

� TS010

IMSA GTP

(1988

- 1993)

MkI  · HF89

� MkIII

Le Mans

(1998 -

1999)

GT-One (TS020)

v  • d

• e

Japanese automobile industry

Marques: ASL

�

Daihatsu  · Dome

(Jiotto · Hayashi) · Hino Motors  · HKS

� Honda

(Acura

) · Isuzu

� Kojima

�

Mitsuoka  · Mazda

(Amati · Autozam

� Eunos

� Efini

� Xedos) ·

Mitsubishi Motors

�

Nissan (Datsun

� Infiniti

� Prince

)  ·

Otomo

�

Sigma

(SARD ) · Spoon Sports

� Subaru

� Suzuki

� Tommy Kaira

� Toyota

(Lexus  · Scion

� TOM'S

) · Yamaha

Association: Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association

v  • d

• e

Nikkei 225

companies of

Japan

7&i

�

Advantest · ÆON

� AGC

�

Ajinomoto · ALPS

� ANA

� Asahi

Breweries

� Asahi Kasei

� Astellas

� Bank of Yokohama

�

Bridgestone ·

Canon ·

Casio · Chiba Bank

� Chiyoda

�

Chuden

� Chugai

� Chuo Mitsui Trust

� Citizen

�

Clarion

� Comsys · Credit

Saison · CSK

� Daiichi Sankyo

�

Daikin ·

Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma

� Daiwa House

�

Daiwa Securities

�

Denka ·

Denso · Dentsu

� DNP

� Dowa

� Ebara

� Eisai

� Fanuc

� Fast

Retailing ·

Fuji Electric

� Fuji Heavy Industries · Fujifilm

� Fujikura

� Fujitsu

� Fukuoka

Financial

�

Furukawa ·

Furukawa Electric

� GS

Yuasa · Heiwa

Real Estate

� Hino

� Hitachi

� Hitachi

Construction Machinery

� Hitz ·

Hokuetsu Paper

�

Honda · IHI

� INPEX

� Isetan

-Mitsukoshi

� Isuzu

� Itochu

� JAL

� JFE

� J. Front

Retailing

� JGC

� JR East

� JR West

� JSW ·

JT · JTEKT

� Kajima

� Kao

� Kawasaki

� KDDI · Keio

� Keisei

�

Kikkoman · Kirin

� K

Line · Kobelco

� Komatsu

� Konami

� Konica Minolta

� Kubota

� Kuraray

� Kyocera

� Kyowa Hakko

Kirin ·

Marubeni · Marui

� Matsui Securities

�

Pacific Metals

� Panasonic

�

Panasonic Electric Works

�

Mazda · Meidensha

� Meiji Dairies

� Meiji

Seika · MES

� Minebea ·

Mitsubishi Chemical

� Mitsubishi Corporation

�

Mitsubishi Electric

�

Mitsubishi Estate

�

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries � Mitsubishi Logistics

�

Mitsubishi Materials

�

Mitsubishi Motors

�

Mitsubishi Paper

�

Mitsubishi Rayon

� Mitsui

& Co. ·

Mitsui Chemicals

� Mitsui

Fudosan ·

Mitsui Kinzoku

� Mitsumi ·

Mizuho

�

Mizuho Trust

�

MOL ·

MSIG

� MUFG

� NEC · NGK

� Nichirei

� Nikon

� Nippon Express

� Nippon

Kayaku ·

Nippon Light Metal

�

Nippon Meat Packers

�

Nippon Mining

� Nippon Oil ·

Nippon Paper

� Nippon Soda

� Nippon Steel

� Nippon

Suisan

� Nissan ·

Nissan Chemical

� Nisshin Seifun

�

Nisshinbo

�

Nittobo ·

Nomura ·

NSG ·

NSK · NTN

� NTT

� NTT Data · NTT

docomo · NYK

� Obayashi

� Odakyu

�

Oji Paper Company

� OKI

�

Okuma ·

Olympus

� Osaka Gas ·

Pioneer

� Resona

� Ricoh · Sanyo

� Sapporo Brewery

� Secom

� Sekisui House

� Sharp

� Shimz

�

Shin-Etsu

�

Shinko Securities

�

Shinsei Bank

� Shionogi

�

Shiseido ·

Shizuoka Bank

� Showa Denko

� Showa Shell

� SKY

Perfect JSAT ·

SoftBank · Sojitz

� Sompo Japan

�

Sony · SUMCO

� Sumitomo Chemical

�

Sumitomo Corporation

�

Sumitomo Electric

� Sumitomo Heavy Industries � Sumitomo Metal Industries � Sumitomo Metal Mining

�

Sumitomo Mitsui Financial � Sumitomo Osaka Cement

�

Sumitomo Realty

� Sumitomo Trust

� Suzuki · T&D

� Taiheiyo

Cement ·

Taisei

� Taiyo Yuden

� Takara

� Takashimaya

� Takeda

� TDK · Teijin

� TEPCO

� Tokyo Electron

� Terumo

� Tobu

� Toho

� Toho Zinc

� Tokai Carbon

� Tokio

Marine

�

Tokyo Dome ·

Tokyo Electron

� Tokyo Gas

� Tokyu

� Tokyu

Land · Toppan

� Toray

� Toshiba

� Tosoh

� TOTO

� Toyo Seikan

�

Toyobo · Toyota

� Toyota Tsusho · Trend Micro

� Ube

� Unitika

� Uny

� Yahoo! Japan

� Yamaha

�

Yamato Transport

�

Yokogawa Electric

�

Yokohama Rubber

v  • d

• e

TOPIX

100 companies of

Japan

Core 30

7&i

�

Astellas

� Canon

� Daiichi

Sankyo  ·

Hitachi  ·

Honda  · JFE

� JR East

�

JT  · KDDI

� Komatsu

�

Mitsubishi Corporation

�

Mitsubishi Estate

�

Mitsui & Co.

� Mizuho

�

MUFG

�

Nintendo  ·

Nippon Steel

� Nissan

� Nomura

� NTT

�

NTT docomo  ·

Panasonic

�

Shin-Etsu

� Sony

� Sumitomo Mitsui

Financial

�

Takeda

�

TEPCO

�

Tokio Marine

� Toyota

Large 70

ÆON  · AGC

� Asahi

Kasei  · Bank

of Yokohama

�

Bridgestone  ·

Chubu Electric Power

�

Chuo Mitsui Trust

�

Daikin

� Daiwa

House

�

Daiwa Securities

�

Denso  · DNP

�

Eisai  · Fanuc

� Fujifilm

� Fujitsu

� Hoya

� INPEX

� Itochu

� JR Central

�

JR West

�

Kao  ·

KEPCO

�

Keyence  · Kirin

�

Kobelco  ·

Kubota  · Kyocera

� Marubeni

� Mitsubishi

Chemical

�

Mitsubishi Electric

�

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

�

Mitsui Fudosan

� MOL

�

MSIG

�

Murata

�

NEC  · Nidec

� Nikon

� Nippon Oil

� Nitto Denko

� NTT Data

� ORIX

� Resona

� Ricoh

� Rohm

� Secom

� Sekisui House

� Sharp

�

Shiseido  · SMC

�

SoftBank  · Sompo

Japan

�

Sumitomo Chemical

�

Sumitomo Corporation

�

Sumitomo Electric

�

Sumitomo Metals

�

Sumitomo Realty

�

Sumitomo Trust

�

Suzuki  · T&D

� TDK

� Tohoku Electric

Power

�

Tokyo Electron

� Tokyo

Gas  · Toppan

� Toray

�

Toshiba  · Yahoo!

Japan  ·

Yamada Denki

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