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IOS BASIC COMMANDS
The command can be entered in both the user EXEC and privileged EXEC mode. By using this command you can find out many useful information about your Cisco device, such as: Software Version – IOS software version. System up-time – time since last reboot. Software imageCREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation. The term encapsulation is used to describe a process of adding headers and trailers around some data. This process can be explained with the four-layer TCP/IP model, with each step describing the role of the layer. For example, here is what happens when you send an email using your favourite email program (such as Outlook orOSPF AUTHENTICATION
OSPF authentication. OSPF can be configured to authenticate every OSPF message. This is usually done to prevent a rogue router from injecting false routing information and therefore causing a Denial-of-Service attack. Two types of authentication can be used: 1. clear text authentication – clear text passwords are used. 2. ARP (ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL) EXPLAINED ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a network protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC) address of a device from an IP address. It is used when a device wants to communicate with some other device on a local network (for example on an Ethernet network that requires physical addresses to be known before sending packets). DESIGNATED & BACKUP DESIGNATED ROUTER January 26, 2016 May 5, 2020 upravnik. Based on the network type, OSPF router can elect one router to be a Designated Ruter (DR) and one router to be a Backup Designated Router (BDR). For example, on multiaccess broadcast networks (such as LANs) routers defaults to elect a DR and BDR. DR and BDR serve as the central point forexchanging OSPF
CONFIGURING STANDARD ACLS Configuring standard ACLs. To create an standard access list on a Cisco router, the following command is used from the router’s global configuration mode: R1 (config)# access-list ACL_NUMBER permit|deny IP_ADDRESS WILDCARD_MASK. NOTE. ACL number for the standard ACLs has to be between 1–99 and 1300–1999. You can also use the hostkeyword
CONFIGURING RIPV2
This article describes how to configure RIPv2. Configuring RIPv2 is a pretty straightforward process. Only three steps are required: CONFIGURE AN IP ADDRESS ON A SWITCH Usually, the default VLAN 1 acts like the switch’s own NIC for connecting into a LAN to send IP packets. Here are the steps to configure an IP address under VLAN 1: enter the VLAN 1 configuration mode with the interface vlan 1 global configuration command. assign an IP address with the ip address IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK interfacesubcommand.
FREE CCNA TUTORIALS. STUDY CCNA FOR FREE!WHAT IS CCNANEW CCNA EXAM Welcome to study-ccna.com, a free CCNA tutorial site that closely follows the Cisco CCNA curriculum. The site was designed to help you pass the current CCNA 200-301 exam, but it can also be used as a reference for anything networking related. You’ll find all thematerials needed to
IOS BASIC COMMANDS
The command can be entered in both the user EXEC and privileged EXEC mode. By using this command you can find out many useful information about your Cisco device, such as: Software Version – IOS software version. System up-time – time since last reboot. Software imageCREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation. The term encapsulation is used to describe a process of adding headers and trailers around some data. This process can be explained with the four-layer TCP/IP model, with each step describing the role of the layer. For example, here is what happens when you send an email using your favourite email program (such as Outlook orOSPF AUTHENTICATION
OSPF authentication. OSPF can be configured to authenticate every OSPF message. This is usually done to prevent a rogue router from injecting false routing information and therefore causing a Denial-of-Service attack. Two types of authentication can be used: 1. clear text authentication – clear text passwords are used. 2. ARP (ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL) EXPLAINED ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a network protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC) address of a device from an IP address. It is used when a device wants to communicate with some other device on a local network (for example on an Ethernet network that requires physical addresses to be known before sending packets). DESIGNATED & BACKUP DESIGNATED ROUTER January 26, 2016 May 5, 2020 upravnik. Based on the network type, OSPF router can elect one router to be a Designated Ruter (DR) and one router to be a Backup Designated Router (BDR). For example, on multiaccess broadcast networks (such as LANs) routers defaults to elect a DR and BDR. DR and BDR serve as the central point forexchanging OSPF
CONFIGURING STANDARD ACLS Configuring standard ACLs. To create an standard access list on a Cisco router, the following command is used from the router’s global configuration mode: R1 (config)# access-list ACL_NUMBER permit|deny IP_ADDRESS WILDCARD_MASK. NOTE. ACL number for the standard ACLs has to be between 1–99 and 1300–1999. You can also use the hostkeyword
CONFIGURING RIPV2
This article describes how to configure RIPv2. Configuring RIPv2 is a pretty straightforward process. Only three steps are required: CONFIGURE AN IP ADDRESS ON A SWITCH Usually, the default VLAN 1 acts like the switch’s own NIC for connecting into a LAN to send IP packets. Here are the steps to configure an IP address under VLAN 1: enter the VLAN 1 configuration mode with the interface vlan 1 global configuration command. assign an IP address with the ip address IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK interfacesubcommand.
RECOMMENDED CCNA STUDY RESOURCES Flackbox Cisco CCNA Gold Bootcamp. The highest rated CCNA course online. With a 4.8 star average from over 30,000 public reviews, it’s verified as the gold standard in CCNA training and is the only course I personally recommend.. It features 35 hours of HD video tutorials, 300 pages of configuration lab exercises, an additional 150 pages of bonus troubleshooting labs, and quizzes for everyRIPNG - STUDY CCNA
RIPng is an extension of RIP developed for support of IPv6. Here are some of its features: just like RIP for IPv4, it uses hop count as the metric. sends updates every 30 seconds. RIPng messages use the UDP port 521 and the multicast address of FF02::9. The configuration of RIPng is requires at least two steps:ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation. The term encapsulation is used to describe a process of adding headers and trailers around some data. This process can be explained with the four-layer TCP/IP model, with each step describing the role of the layer. For example, here is what happens when you send an email using your favourite email program (such as Outlook or THANK YOU! - STUDY-CCNA.COM Almost there! Please check your email for a message titled ”Important: Download your CCNA Study Notes PDF” to verify. You’ll receive an email from Study-CCNA VTP MODES - STUDY CCNA VTP server mode – a switch using this mode can create and delete VLANs. A VTP server switch will propagate VLAN changes. This is the default mode for Cisco switches. VTP transparent mode – a switch using this mode doesn’t share its VLAN database, but it forwards received VTP advertisements. You can create and delete VLANs on a VTP NETWORK SWITCH EXPLAINED Network switch explained. Just like hubs and bridges, a switch is used to connect multiple hosts together, but it has many advantages over them. Switch is an OSI Layer 2 device, which means that it can inspect received traffic and make forwarding decisions. Each port on a switch is a separate collision domain and can run in a full duplex modeWIDE AREA NETWORK
The term wide area network is used to describe a network that spans multiple geographic locations.Consider an example. A company has two offices, one in London and one in Berlin. Both offices have a LAN. If the company connects these two LANs together using WAN technology, aWAN is created.
VTP CONFIGURATION
1. a switch has to be configured as either a VTP server or VTP client. 2. the VTP domain name has to be the same on both switches. 3. if present, the VTP domain password has to be the same. 4. VTP versions have to match. 5. the link between the switches has to be aOSPF OVERVIEW
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link state routing protocol. Because it is an open standard, it is implemented by a variety of network vendors. OSPF will run on most routers that doesn’t necessarily have to be Cisco routers (unlike EIGRP which can be run only on Cisco routers).SETTING UP SSH
To enable secure access to your Cisco device, you can use SSH instead of Telnet. SSH uses encryption to secure data from eavesdropping. To enable SSH, the following steps are required:CREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
CONFIGURING STANDARD ACLS Configuring standard ACLs. To create an standard access list on a Cisco router, the following command is used from the router’s global configuration mode: R1 (config)# access-list ACL_NUMBER permit|deny IP_ADDRESS WILDCARD_MASK. NOTE. ACL number for the standard ACLs has to be between 1–99 and 1300–1999. You can also use the hostkeyword
OSPF SUMMARIZATION
OSPF summarization. Route summarization helps reduce OSPF traffic and route computation. OSPF, unlike EIGRP, doesn’t support automatic summarization. Also, unlike EIGRP, where you can summarize routes on every router in an EIGRP network, OSFP can summarize routes only on ABRs and ASBRs. The following command is used for OSPF summarization:RIPNG - STUDY CCNA
RIPng is an extension of RIP developed for support of IPv6. Here are some of its features: just like RIP for IPv4, it uses hop count as the metric. sends updates every 30 seconds. RIPng messages use the UDP port 521 and the multicast address of FF02::9. The configuration of RIPng is requires at least two steps:CREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
CONFIGURING STANDARD ACLS Configuring standard ACLs. To create an standard access list on a Cisco router, the following command is used from the router’s global configuration mode: R1 (config)# access-list ACL_NUMBER permit|deny IP_ADDRESS WILDCARD_MASK. NOTE. ACL number for the standard ACLs has to be between 1–99 and 1300–1999. You can also use the hostkeyword
OSPF SUMMARIZATION
OSPF summarization. Route summarization helps reduce OSPF traffic and route computation. OSPF, unlike EIGRP, doesn’t support automatic summarization. Also, unlike EIGRP, where you can summarize routes on every router in an EIGRP network, OSFP can summarize routes only on ABRs and ASBRs. The following command is used for OSPF summarization:RIPNG - STUDY CCNA
RIPng is an extension of RIP developed for support of IPv6. Here are some of its features: just like RIP for IPv4, it uses hop count as the metric. sends updates every 30 seconds. RIPng messages use the UDP port 521 and the multicast address of FF02::9. The configuration of RIPng is requires at least two steps:OSPF AUTHENTICATION
OSPF authentication. OSPF can be configured to authenticate every OSPF message. This is usually done to prevent a rogue router from injecting false routing information and therefore causing a Denial-of-Service attack. Two types of authentication can be used: 1. clear text authentication – clear text passwords are used. 2. FREE CISCO CCNA STUDY GUIDE Get ready for your CCNA exam - download comprehensive free CCNA Study Guide PDF covering everything on the latest Cisco CCNA 200-301 exam. RECOMMENDED CCNA STUDY RESOURCES Flackbox Cisco CCNA Gold Bootcamp. The highest rated CCNA course online. With a 4.8 star average from over 30,000 public reviews, it’s verified as the gold standard in CCNA training and is the only course I personally recommend.. It features 35 hours of HD video tutorials, 300 pages of configuration lab exercises, an additional 150 pages of bonus troubleshooting labs, and quizzes for every THANK YOU! - STUDY-CCNA.COM Almost there! Please check your email for a message titled ”Important: Download your CCNA Study Notes PDF” to verify. You’ll receive an email from Study-CCNARIPNG - STUDY CCNA
RIPng is an extension of RIP developed for support of IPv6. Here are some of its features: just like RIP for IPv4, it uses hop count as the metric. sends updates every 30 seconds. RIPng messages use the UDP port 521 and the multicast address of FF02::9. The configuration of RIPng is requires at least two steps:OSPF AUTHENTICATION
OSPF authentication. OSPF can be configured to authenticate every OSPF message. This is usually done to prevent a rogue router from injecting false routing information and therefore causing a Denial-of-Service attack. Two types of authentication can be used: 1. clear text authentication – clear text passwords are used. 2.VTP CONFIGURATION
1. a switch has to be configured as either a VTP server or VTP client. 2. the VTP domain name has to be the same on both switches. 3. if present, the VTP domain password has to be the same. 4. VTP versions have to match. 5. the link between the switches has to be aCONFIGURING RIPV2
This article describes how to configure RIPv2. Configuring RIPv2 is a pretty straightforward process. Only three steps are required: CONFIGURE CISCO ROUTER AS A DHCP CLIENT Consider the following example: We have a small network consisting of a router and a DHCP server. We want to configure the interface Gi0/0 on the router as a DHCP client. This is how this is done: R1 (config)#int Gi0/0 R1 (config-if)#ip address dhcp. We can verify that the Gi0/0 interface has indeed got its IP address from the DHCP serverby
ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation. The term encapsulation is used to describe a process of adding headers and trailers around some data. This process can be explained with the four-layer TCP/IP model, with each step describing the role of the layer. For example, here is what happens when you send an email using your favourite email program (such as Outlook or CONFIGURE AN IP ADDRESS ON A SWITCH Usually, the default VLAN 1 acts like the switch’s own NIC for connecting into a LAN to send IP packets. Here are the steps to configure an IP address under VLAN 1: enter the VLAN 1 configuration mode with the interface vlan 1 global configuration command. assign an IP address with the ip address IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK interfacesubcommand.
FREE CCNA TUTORIALS. STUDY CCNA FOR FREE!WHAT IS CCNANEW CCNA EXAM Welcome to study-ccna.com, a free CCNA tutorial site that closely follows the Cisco CCNA curriculum. The site was designed to help you pass the current CCNA 200-301 exam, but it can also be used as a reference for anything networking related. You’ll find all thematerials needed to
DESIGNATED & BACKUP DESIGNATED ROUTER January 26, 2016 May 5, 2020 upravnik. Based on the network type, OSPF router can elect one router to be a Designated Ruter (DR) and one router to be a Backup Designated Router (BDR). For example, on multiaccess broadcast networks (such as LANs) routers defaults to elect a DR and BDR. DR and BDR serve as the central point forexchanging OSPF
CREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
OSPF SUMMARIZATION
OSPF summarization. Route summarization helps reduce OSPF traffic and route computation. OSPF, unlike EIGRP, doesn’t support automatic summarization. Also, unlike EIGRP, where you can summarize routes on every router in an EIGRP network, OSFP can summarize routes only on ABRs and ASBRs. The following command is used for OSPF summarization:CONFIGURING RSTP
Configuring RSTP. Most newer Cisco switches use RSTP by default. RSTP prevents frame looping out of the box and no additional configuration is necessary. To check whether a switch runs RSTP, the show spanning-tree command is used: SW1#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32769 Address0004.9A47.1039
SETTING UP SSH
To enable secure access to your Cisco device, you can use SSH instead of Telnet. SSH uses encryption to secure data from eavesdropping. To enable SSH, the following steps are required:VTP CONFIGURATION
1. a switch has to be configured as either a VTP server or VTP client. 2. the VTP domain name has to be the same on both switches. 3. if present, the VTP domain password has to be the same. 4. VTP versions have to match. 5. the link between the switches has to be a COLLISION & BROADCAST DOMAIN Broadcast domain. A broadcast domain is the domain in which a broadcast is forwarded. A broadcast domain contains all devices that can reach each other at the data link layer (OSI layer 2) by using broadcast. All ports on a hub or a switch are by default in the same broadcast domain. All ports on a router are in the different broadcastdomains
CONFIGURE CISCO ROUTER AS A DHCP CLIENT Consider the following example: We have a small network consisting of a router and a DHCP server. We want to configure the interface Gi0/0 on the router as a DHCP client. This is how this is done: R1 (config)#int Gi0/0 R1 (config-if)#ip address dhcp. We can verify that the Gi0/0 interface has indeed got its IP address from the DHCP serverby
CONFIGURE AN IP ADDRESS ON A SWITCH Usually, the default VLAN 1 acts like the switch’s own NIC for connecting into a LAN to send IP packets. Here are the steps to configure an IP address under VLAN 1: enter the VLAN 1 configuration mode with the interface vlan 1 global configuration command. assign an IP address with the ip address IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK interfacesubcommand.
FREE CCNA TUTORIALS. STUDY CCNA FOR FREE!WHAT IS CCNANEW CCNA EXAM Welcome to study-ccna.com, a free CCNA tutorial site that closely follows the Cisco CCNA curriculum. The site was designed to help you pass the current CCNA 200-301 exam, but it can also be used as a reference for anything networking related. You’ll find all thematerials needed to
DESIGNATED & BACKUP DESIGNATED ROUTER January 26, 2016 May 5, 2020 upravnik. Based on the network type, OSPF router can elect one router to be a Designated Ruter (DR) and one router to be a Backup Designated Router (BDR). For example, on multiaccess broadcast networks (such as LANs) routers defaults to elect a DR and BDR. DR and BDR serve as the central point forexchanging OSPF
CREATE SUBNETS
The formula to calculate the number of hosts is 2 y – 2, with y representing the number of host bits. Since 2 7 – 2 is 126, we have more than enough bits for our hosts. 3. Our network will look like this: 192.168.0.0/25 – the first subnet has the subnet number of 192.168.0.0. The range of IP addresses in this subnet is 192.168.0.0– 192
OSPF SUMMARIZATION
OSPF summarization. Route summarization helps reduce OSPF traffic and route computation. OSPF, unlike EIGRP, doesn’t support automatic summarization. Also, unlike EIGRP, where you can summarize routes on every router in an EIGRP network, OSFP can summarize routes only on ABRs and ASBRs. The following command is used for OSPF summarization:CONFIGURING RSTP
Configuring RSTP. Most newer Cisco switches use RSTP by default. RSTP prevents frame looping out of the box and no additional configuration is necessary. To check whether a switch runs RSTP, the show spanning-tree command is used: SW1#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32769 Address0004.9A47.1039
SETTING UP SSH
To enable secure access to your Cisco device, you can use SSH instead of Telnet. SSH uses encryption to secure data from eavesdropping. To enable SSH, the following steps are required:VTP CONFIGURATION
1. a switch has to be configured as either a VTP server or VTP client. 2. the VTP domain name has to be the same on both switches. 3. if present, the VTP domain password has to be the same. 4. VTP versions have to match. 5. the link between the switches has to be a COLLISION & BROADCAST DOMAIN Broadcast domain. A broadcast domain is the domain in which a broadcast is forwarded. A broadcast domain contains all devices that can reach each other at the data link layer (OSI layer 2) by using broadcast. All ports on a hub or a switch are by default in the same broadcast domain. All ports on a router are in the different broadcastdomains
CONFIGURE CISCO ROUTER AS A DHCP CLIENT Consider the following example: We have a small network consisting of a router and a DHCP server. We want to configure the interface Gi0/0 on the router as a DHCP client. This is how this is done: R1 (config)#int Gi0/0 R1 (config-if)#ip address dhcp. We can verify that the Gi0/0 interface has indeed got its IP address from the DHCP serverby
CONFIGURE AN IP ADDRESS ON A SWITCH Usually, the default VLAN 1 acts like the switch’s own NIC for connecting into a LAN to send IP packets. Here are the steps to configure an IP address under VLAN 1: enter the VLAN 1 configuration mode with the interface vlan 1 global configuration command. assign an IP address with the ip address IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK interfacesubcommand.
FREE CISCO CCNA STUDY GUIDE Get ready for your CCNA exam - download comprehensive free CCNA Study Guide PDF covering everything on the latest Cisco CCNA 200-301 exam.ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation. The term encapsulation is used to describe a process of adding headers and trailers around some data. This process can be explained with the four-layer TCP/IP model, with each step describing the role of the layer. For example, here is what happens when you send an email using your favourite email program (such as Outlook or THANK YOU! - STUDY-CCNA.COM Almost there! Please check your email for a message titled ”Important: Download your CCNA Study Notes PDF” to verify. You’ll receive an email from Study-CCNAIOS BASIC COMMANDS
The command can be entered in both the user EXEC and privileged EXEC mode. By using this command you can find out many useful information about your Cisco device, such as: Software Version – IOS software version. System up-time – time since last reboot. Software imageNEW CCNA EXAM
New CCNA exam – 200-301. Cisco certification program has been drastically changed from Feb. 24, 2020. There are no longer multiple different CCNA exams and certifications – only a single, comprehensive exam is available. The new exam’s code is 200-301 CCNA and its full name is Implementing and Administering Cisco NetworkingTechnologies.
OSPF AUTHENTICATION
OSPF authentication. OSPF can be configured to authenticate every OSPF message. This is usually done to prevent a rogue router from injecting false routing information and therefore causing a Denial-of-Service attack. Two types of authentication can be used: 1. clear text authentication – clear text passwords are used. 2.WIDE AREA NETWORK
The term wide area network is used to describe a network that spans multiple geographic locations.Consider an example. A company has two offices, one in London and one in Berlin. Both offices have a LAN. If the company connects these two LANs together using WAN technology, aWAN is created.
ARP (ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL) EXPLAINED ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a network protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC) address of a device from an IP address. It is used when a device wants to communicate with some other device on a local network (for example on an Ethernet network that requires physical addresses to be known before sending packets).SHOW COMMAND
This command is used to display the device’s configuration, statistics, command history, interface status. The show command is invoked from the enable mode and can accept a lot of parameters: Here is a brief description of the most popular show commands: show running-config – displays the running (current) configuration ofyour device
INTERFACE RANGE COMMAND Interface range command. If you have multiple interfaces that need to be configured with the same settings, you can use the interface range command to specify a range of interfaces to which the subsequent commands will be applied. For example, let’s say that interfaces Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, and Fa0/8 need to have the samedescription.
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Networking basics __ * What is a network? * OSI & TCP/IP models * Local area network (LAN)* Wide area network
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* Types of memory on a Cisco device * Configure Cisco router as DHCP server * Configure NTP on a Cisco router * Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) overview * Map hostnames to IP addresses * Configure Cisco device as DNS client * Extended ping command * traceroute command* debug command
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