THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context BEIJING: CITIC/CHINA ZUN Also known as China Zun after the flaring form of a Bronze-Age ritual vessel, the 109-story tower is the headquarters of CITIC Group, a state-owned investment company. Whitlock focuses his high-rise and mixed-use master plan designs on density, public space, programmatic integration, and the influences of these elements on the quality and THE ARCHITECTURE OF TREES Outdoors, meet at The Skyscraper Museum, 39 Battery Pl. Architects can spend years designing their buildings, but trees have been perfecting their own architecture in response to their environment for eons. On a walk through Wagner Park, in Battery Park City, we will draw the trees around us to understand their likeness to skyscrapers! CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, HOW THE 1916 ZONING LAW SHAPED MANHATTAN'S CENTRAL A 3D CBD:How the 1916 Zoning Law Shaped Manhattan's Central Business Districts. Of the human acts that have shaped the magnificently unnatural geography of New York City and created its unique sense of place, two stand out: the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 and THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context BEIJING: CITIC/CHINA ZUN Also known as China Zun after the flaring form of a Bronze-Age ritual vessel, the 109-story tower is the headquarters of CITIC Group, a state-owned investment company. Whitlock focuses his high-rise and mixed-use master plan designs on density, public space, programmatic integration, and the influences of these elements on the quality and THE ARCHITECTURE OF TREES Outdoors, meet at The Skyscraper Museum, 39 Battery Pl. Architects can spend years designing their buildings, but trees have been perfecting their own architecture in response to their environment for eons. On a walk through Wagner Park, in Battery Park City, we will draw the trees around us to understand their likeness to skyscrapers! CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, HOW THE 1916 ZONING LAW SHAPED MANHATTAN'S CENTRAL A 3D CBD:How the 1916 Zoning Law Shaped Manhattan's Central Business Districts. Of the human acts that have shaped the magnificently unnatural geography of New York City and created its unique sense of place, two stand out: the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 and WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in BOOK TALKS & LECTURES The first tour explores Battery Park City’s southern district, which is home to the Skyscraper Museum and includes some of BPC’s earliest landscapes and infrastructure, as well as the residential enclaves built in the 1990s, following the 1979 Cooper Eckstut

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.His new solo volume is a summary of a life’s work, and a comprehensive, lavishly illustrated state-of-the-art guide to the subject. SUPERTALL/MEGATALL: HOW HIGH CAN WE GO? Adrian Smith, FAIA; Founder and Partner, AS+GG Adrian Smith is the architect of more than 4,500 meters ­­– nearly 2.8 vertical miles – of skyscrapers. He has been the designer for eight structures in SUPERTALL! 2020: including Burj Khalifa in Dubai, the current world’s tallest man GIANTS: THE TWIN TOWERS GIANTS: The Twin Towers and the Twentieth Century. Upon their completion in 1971 and 1973, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were the tallest and largest skyscrapers in the world. Innovative engineering carried the structures to 110 stories – 1368 and 1362 feet (417 and 415 meters) – creating floors an acre in size, with

more than 4

THE PRIMACY OF PETRONAS TOWERS: SUPERTALLS GO GLOBAL Fred Clarke,FAIA, RIBA, JIA In 1998 the twin Petronas Towers in the Malaysian capital of Kuala Lumpur took the title of "world's tallest building" away from the United States for the first time. The towers' developers, private investors working with the Malaysian government and Petronas, the national oil company, sought CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: THE POSTMODERN The Skyscraper Museum: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: The Postmodern Moment WALKTHROUGH. The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and

residence.

THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

ONLINE PROJECTS

This project is a digital version of the World Trade Center Rebuilding section in the Museum's permanent exhibition which addresses both the history of the original Twin Towers and the rebuilding at Ground Zero over the decades after the tragic events of 9/11. This content is displayed as a timeline THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning. BEIJING: CITIC/CHINA ZUN Also known as China Zun after the flaring form of a Bronze-Age ritual vessel, the 109-story tower is the headquarters of CITIC Group, a state-owned investment company. Whitlock focuses his high-rise and mixed-use master plan designs on density, public space, programmatic integration, and the influences of these elements on the quality and CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, HOW THE 1916 ZONING LAW SHAPED MANHATTAN'S CENTRAL A 3D CBD:How the 1916 Zoning Law Shaped Manhattan's Central Business Districts. Of the human acts that have shaped the magnificently unnatural geography of New York City and created its unique sense of place, two stand out: the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 and THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

ONLINE PROJECTS

This project is a digital version of the World Trade Center Rebuilding section in the Museum's permanent exhibition which addresses both the history of the original Twin Towers and the rebuilding at Ground Zero over the decades after the tragic events of 9/11. This content is displayed as a timeline THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning. BEIJING: CITIC/CHINA ZUN Also known as China Zun after the flaring form of a Bronze-Age ritual vessel, the 109-story tower is the headquarters of CITIC Group, a state-owned investment company. Whitlock focuses his high-rise and mixed-use master plan designs on density, public space, programmatic integration, and the influences of these elements on the quality and CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, HOW THE 1916 ZONING LAW SHAPED MANHATTAN'S CENTRAL A 3D CBD:How the 1916 Zoning Law Shaped Manhattan's Central Business Districts. Of the human acts that have shaped the magnificently unnatural geography of New York City and created its unique sense of place, two stand out: the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 and WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in BOOK TALKS & LECTURES The first tour explores Battery Park City’s southern district, which is home to the Skyscraper Museum and includes some of BPC’s earliest landscapes and infrastructure, as well as the residential enclaves built in the 1990s, following the 1979 Cooper Eckstut SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.His new solo volume is a summary of a life’s work, and a comprehensive, lavishly illustrated state-of-the-art guide to the subject. SUPERTALL/MEGATALL: HOW HIGH CAN WE GO? Founder and Partner, AS+GG. Adrian Smith is the architect of more than 4,500 meters ­­– nearly 2.8 vertical miles – of skyscrapers. He has been the designer for eight structures in SUPERTALL! 2020: including Burj Khalifa in Dubai, the current world’s tallest man-made structure at 828 meters, and Jeddah Tower, under construction in Saudi Arabia, which when completed will reach at least

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE PRIMACY OF PETRONAS TOWERS: SUPERTALLS GO GLOBAL Fred Clarke,FAIA, RIBA, JIA In 1998 the twin Petronas Towers in the Malaysian capital of Kuala Lumpur took the title of "world's tallest building" away from the United States for the first time. The towers' developers, private investors working with the Malaysian government and Petronas, the national oil company, sought THE ARCHITECTURE OF TREES Outdoors, meet at The Skyscraper Museum, 39 Battery Pl. Architects can spend years designing their buildings, but trees have been perfecting their own architecture in response to their environment for eons. On a walk through Wagner Park, in Battery Park City, we will draw the trees around us to understand their likeness to skyscrapers! LESSON PLAN OF THE WEEK Exercise 2: Shapes Scavenger Hunt 2. A lot of shapes can be found in the floor plans of skyscrapers. Each of these shapes represents the base and the inside of a building. A floor plan is a representation of one story or floor of a building. Looking at these examples, the floor plan of the Lakhta Tower looks like a star with a circle inside. THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center,

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning. TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, LESSON 2.1 DEMOLITION 1 NAME DATE Lesson 2.2 THE FEEDING PROBLEM grade level: elementary

(2-6) NAME DATE

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning. TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, LESSON 2.1 DEMOLITION 1 NAME DATE Lesson 2.2 THE FEEDING PROBLEM grade level: elementary

(2-6) NAME DATE

TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

BANKERS TRUST VIRTUAL ARCHIVE The Virtual Archive is a project to identify, inventory, and create a database of important historical records relating to skyscrapers and their urban milieu. The database for the Bankers Trust Collection is the first phase of the project. It has been made possible by generous funding from the Graham Foundation

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

GIANTS: THE TWIN TOWERS GIANTS: The Twin Towers and the Twentieth Century. Upon their completion in 1971 and 1973, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were the tallest and largest skyscrapers in the world. Innovative engineering carried the structures to 110 stories – 1368 and 1362 feet (417 and 415 meters) – creating floors an acre in size, with

more than 4

PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER Across the Objects: How can you tell which images are older? What clues tell you the same building is featured in all the photographs? How is the Bankers Trust Building different from its neighbors? THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn THE BUSINESS CORE (REPEAT) The second of the Museum's three thematic walking tours of Battery Park City covers the middle zone of the commercial core with its 1980s skyscrapers of the original World Financial Center (now Brookfield Place) by architect Cesar Pelli, as well as the expansive North Cove Marina and its public realm. LESSON 2.1 DEMOLITION 2 Lesson 2.3 BRICKS & TILES grade level: elementary (2-6) NAME DATE VOCABULARY Terra Cotta A type of clay often used to create decorative architectural pieces

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence.

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

GIANTS: THE TWIN TOWERS GIANTS: The Twin Towers and the Twentieth Century. Upon their completion in 1971 and 1973, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were the tallest and largest skyscrapers in the world. Innovative engineering carried the structures to 110 stories – 1368 and 1362 feet (417 and 415 meters) – creating floors an acre in size, with

more than 4

THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn BANKERS TRUST VIRTUAL ARCHIVE The Virtual Archive is a project to identify, inventory, and create a database of important historical records relating to skyscrapers and their urban milieu. The database for the Bankers Trust Collection is the first phase of the project. It has been made possible by generous funding from the Graham Foundation DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city. THE BUSINESS CORE (REPEAT) The second of the Museum's three thematic walking tours of Battery Park City covers the middle zone of the commercial core with its 1980s skyscrapers of the original World Financial Center (now Brookfield Place) by architect Cesar Pelli, as well as the expansive North Cove Marina and its public realm.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER Across the Objects: How can you tell which images are older? What clues tell you the same building is featured in all the photographs? How is the Bankers Trust Building different from its neighbors?

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence.

RESEARCH RESOURCES

Research Resources. Our website offers access to the Museum's collections and research projects through a wide range of online archives, interactive maps, and charts, photographs, and graphics that allow both time travel and explorations of skyscrapers both local and global. Students and amateurs alike can explore our archives of

digitized

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context SITE PLANNING: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Site Planning: international Practice. Mon, Nov 19, 2018. The MIT Press. Gary Hack has studied, taught, and practiced site planning for more than forty years in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. In 1984, and in many subsequent editions, he joined Kevin Lynch as co-author of the classic textbook Site Planning.

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. TENEMENTS AND TOWERS Tenements and Towers Manhattan Island today has developed an urban landscape with two distinctly different characters. One is the product of the late 19th- and early 20th-century forces of both expansion and concentration that can be seen equally in the towering skyscrapers of

DEFINING SUPERTALL

Defining Supertall | The Skyscraper Museum. Defining Supertall. Top Row: Guiyang WTC Landmark Tower, China Resources Tower, 432 Park Avenue, 111 West 57th St. Second: Chengdu Greenland Tower, Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, Lakhta Center. Third 30 Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt,

CITIC Tower.

GIANTS: THE TWIN TOWERS GIANTS: The Twin Towers and the Twentieth Century. Upon their completion in 1971 and 1973, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were the tallest and largest skyscrapers in the world. Innovative engineering carried the structures to 110 stories – 1368 and 1362 feet (417 and 415 meters) – creating floors an acre in size, with

more than 4

THE BLACK SKYSCRAPER: ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTION OF In her book The Black Skyscraper: Architecture and the Perception of Race (JHUP, 2019), Adrienne Brown examines works produced by writers, painters, architects, and laborers who grappled with the early skyscraper’s outsized and disorienting dimensions. She explores its effects on how race was seen, read, and sensed at the turn BANKERS TRUST VIRTUAL ARCHIVE The Virtual Archive is a project to identify, inventory, and create a database of important historical records relating to skyscrapers and their urban milieu. The database for the Bankers Trust Collection is the first phase of the project. It has been made possible by generous funding from the Graham Foundation DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city. THE BUSINESS CORE (REPEAT) The second of the Museum's three thematic walking tours of Battery Park City covers the middle zone of the commercial core with its 1980s skyscrapers of the original World Financial Center (now Brookfield Place) by architect Cesar Pelli, as well as the expansive North Cove Marina and its public realm.

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER PART 3: BUILDING A SKYSCRAPER Across the Objects: How can you tell which images are older? What clues tell you the same building is featured in all the photographs? How is the Bankers Trust Building different from its neighbors?

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175 THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context for the emergence of the skyscraper, he details the range of CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: THE POSTMODERN The Skyscraper Museum: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: The Postmodern Moment WALKTHROUGH. The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and

residence.

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175 WILLIAMSBURGH SAVINGS BANK TOWER The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower 1 Hanson Place. Constructed: 1927-1929 Architect: Halsey, McCormack & Helmer Developer: RR Dinsmore General Contractor: Wm. Kennedy Construction Company Original Owner: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Original Tenant: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Current Owner: Dermot Companies / Canyon Johnson Current Tenant: HSBC, Republic National Bank THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIR In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context for the emergence of the skyscraper, he details the range of CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: THE POSTMODERN The Skyscraper Museum: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: The Postmodern Moment WALKTHROUGH. The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and

residence.

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175 WILLIAMSBURGH SAVINGS BANK TOWER The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower 1 Hanson Place. Constructed: 1927-1929 Architect: Halsey, McCormack & Helmer Developer: RR Dinsmore General Contractor: Wm. Kennedy Construction Company Original Owner: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Original Tenant: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Current Owner: Dermot Companies / Canyon Johnson Current Tenant: HSBC, Republic National Bank WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in TIMELINE OF WORLD'S TALLEST BUILDINGS Timeline of World's Tallest Buildings | The Skyscraper Museum. 5 0 0 m 6 0 0 m 7 0 0 m 8 0 0 m 9 0 0 m 1 0 0 0 m 4 0 0 m 3 0 0 m 1 5 0 0 f t 1 0 0 0 f t 2 0 0 0 f t 2 5 0 0 f t 3 0 0 0 f t. SUPERTALL! EXHIBITION ALL CONTENT SUPERTALL LINEUP. The 58 towers on this chart are the tallest in the world today and include all skyscrapers either completed or under construction with a height of at least 1,250 feet/ 380 meters. The buildings are ordered by year of completion. Silhouettes are color coded by region. Use the MAP to view by country and city. BANKERS TRUST VIRTUAL ARCHIVE The Virtual Archive is a project to identify, inventory, and create a database of important historical records relating to skyscrapers and their urban milieu. The database for the Bankers Trust Collection is the first phase of the project. It has been made possible by generous funding from the Graham Foundation

INTRO | SUPERTALL!

432 Park Avenue. Central Park Tower. 111 West 57th Street. 30 Hudson Yards. Jeddah Tower. Burj Khalifa. Giiyang WTC Landmark Tower. Tianjin CTF Finance Centre. China Resources Tower. HISTORY | SUPERTALL! 20th-Century Supertalls HISTORY Only one structure in world history – the Eiffel Tower – had achieved the height of 1,000 feet/ 300 meters before 1929, when the Chrysler Building reached its spire to 1,046 feet and 1930 when the Empire State stretched to 1,250 ft., our determinant of supertall. At

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city. CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, TAIPEI 101 – SUPERTALL! Taipei, Taiwan Petronas Towers were the buildings to beat when the developers of Taipei 101 aspired to erect the world’s tallest building. Completed in 2004, at 101 stories and 508 m. to the tip of its needle spire, Taipei 101 won the title for Taipei, the capital

city of Taiwan,

THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIRHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICAFIRST SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICAHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERSHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERSNEW YORK SKYSCRAPERS 1920SSKYSCRAPERS

1800S

In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context for the emergence of the skyscraper, he details the range of CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: THE POSTMODERN The Skyscraper Museum: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: The Postmodern Moment WALKTHROUGH. The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and

residence.

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175 WILLIAMSBURGH SAVINGS BANK TOWER The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower 1 Hanson Place. Constructed: 1927-1929 Architect: Halsey, McCormack & Helmer Developer: RR Dinsmore General Contractor: Wm. Kennedy Construction Company Original Owner: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Original Tenant: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Current Owner: Dermot Companies / Canyon Johnson Current Tenant: HSBC, Republic National Bank THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUMVISITGALLERY VIEWSGALLERY RENTALFAMILY PROGRAMSSKYLINEPAST EXHIBITIONS The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their

caregivers.

WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in

SEARS TOWER

At 1454 feet, its height surpassed the World Trade Center by 100 feet and was, according to Sears "as tall as the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) will let us go." For more than twenty years after its completion in 1974, Sears Tower remained the tallest skyscraper, and it is still the largest. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and

PARK ROW BUILDING

Park Row Building, 21 Park Row, Irving Underhill, c. 1912, Library of Congress. The Park Row Building still stands today facing City Hall Park in lower Manhattan. Commissioned in 1896 by William Mills Ivins, the head of an investment group, the structure was built as speculative office space. It rises 386 feet to its cornice and 391

feet to the

THE STRUCTURE OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICA 1871-1900: THEIRHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICAFIRST SKYSCRAPERS IN AMERICAHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERSHISTORY OF SKYSCRAPERSNEW YORK SKYSCRAPERS 1920SSKYSCRAPERS

1800S

In this new book, The Structure of Skyscrapers in America, 1871–1900, historian and structural engineer Donald Friedman presents a thorough history of the development of high-rise buildings, not only in New York and Chicago but across the country in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Providing a rich historical context for the emergence of the skyscraper, he details the range of CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: SKYLINE The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: THE POSTMODERN The Skyscraper Museum: TIMES SQUARE, 1984: The Postmodern Moment WALKTHROUGH. The Skyscraper Museum is devoted to the study of high-rise building, past, present, and future. The Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and

residence.

FLATIRON BUILDING

Flatiron Building 175 Fifth Avenue, 1901-1903 . Architect: Daniel H. Burnham Developer, Structural Engineer, MEP Engineer, General Contractor, Original Owner & Tenant: George A. Fuller Construction Co. Current Owner: Flatiron Associates Current Tenant: St. Martins Press, Springer-Verlag Inc. Height: 285 ft / 87 m Floors: 21 The Flatiron Building, also called the Fuller Building, stands at 175 WILLIAMSBURGH SAVINGS BANK TOWER The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower 1 Hanson Place. Constructed: 1927-1929 Architect: Halsey, McCormack & Helmer Developer: RR Dinsmore General Contractor: Wm. Kennedy Construction Company Original Owner: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Original Tenant: Williamsburgh Savings Bank Current Owner: Dermot Companies / Canyon Johnson Current Tenant: HSBC, Republic National Bank WORLD'S TALLEST TOWERS This chart is an artifact of the 20 th century that was updated in 2010 and in 2020. It was originally created by the Skyscraper Museum as a wall mural for its debut exhibition in 1997 and added as the first feature on our new website, which was one of the only 1.1 million registered sites in 1997. Then, the mural lineup ended at the right with the recently completed twin Petronas Towers in TIMELINE OF WORLD'S TALLEST BUILDINGS Timeline of World's Tallest Buildings | The Skyscraper Museum. 5 0 0 m 6 0 0 m 7 0 0 m 8 0 0 m 9 0 0 m 1 0 0 0 m 4 0 0 m 3 0 0 m 1 5 0 0 f t 1 0 0 0 f t 2 0 0 0 f t 2 5 0 0 f t 3 0 0 0 f t. SUPERTALL! EXHIBITION ALL CONTENT SUPERTALL LINEUP. The 58 towers on this chart are the tallest in the world today and include all skyscrapers either completed or under construction with a height of at least 1,250 feet/ 380 meters. The buildings are ordered by year of completion. Silhouettes are color coded by region. Use the MAP to view by country and city. BANKERS TRUST VIRTUAL ARCHIVE The Virtual Archive is a project to identify, inventory, and create a database of important historical records relating to skyscrapers and their urban milieu. The database for the Bankers Trust Collection is the first phase of the project. It has been made possible by generous funding from the Graham Foundation

INTRO | SUPERTALL!

432 Park Avenue. Central Park Tower. 111 West 57th Street. 30 Hudson Yards. Jeddah Tower. Burj Khalifa. Giiyang WTC Landmark Tower. Tianjin CTF Finance Centre. China Resources Tower. HISTORY | SUPERTALL! 20th-Century Supertalls HISTORY Only one structure in world history – the Eiffel Tower – had achieved the height of 1,000 feet/ 300 meters before 1929, when the Chrysler Building reached its spire to 1,046 feet and 1930 when the Empire State stretched to 1,250 ft., our determinant of supertall. At

HISTORY OF CROWDING

Photograph by Jessie Tarbox Beals. Museum of the City of New York. Density and nationality maps by the Tenement House Committee, in Harper’s Weekly, January 19, 1895. New York’s slumlords began erecting purpose-built tenements before the Civil War, and by 1866, reformers had already noted that “a degree of crowding has been

attained which

DENSITY - SKYSCRAPER Density today remains a hyper-charged concept – a negative to many who equate it with crowding – or a positive for those who claim it creates more vibrant and affordable urban life. Whatever one believes about its relative merits, a better understanding of density is a first step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city. CHINA RESOURCES TOWER Shenzhen, China Located in the center of the Houhai District in Shenzhen, the China Resources Tower anchors the master plan of a district bordered by Shenzhen Bay to the east, the Shenzhen Sports Complex to the north, and a linear greenbelt to the south. The development includes a sports center, TAIPEI 101 – SUPERTALL! Taipei, Taiwan Petronas Towers were the buildings to beat when the developers of Taipei 101 aspired to erect the world’s tallest building. Completed in 2004, at 101 stories and 508 m. to the tip of its needle spire, Taipei 101 won the title for Taipei, the capital

city of Taiwan,

------------------------- Located in New York City, the world's first and foremost vertical metropolis, The Skyscraper Museum celebrates the City's rich architectural heritage and examines the historical forces and individuals that have shaped its successive skylines. Through exhibitions, programs and publications, the Museum explores tall buildings as objects of design, products of technology, sites of construction, investments in real estate, and places of work and residence. For a description of the gallery and for photos of the space, please visit our Photo Slideshows

page.

The Skyscraper Museum is located in lower Manhattan's Battery Park City at 39 Battery Place. Museum hours are 12-6 PM, Wednesday-Sunday. General admission is $5, $2.50 for students and seniors, children under 12 are free. Free for members of the military, police, fire departments, veterans and for visitors who are disabled and their caregivers. Click here for directions to the Museum. All galleries and facilities are wheelchair accessible.

CURRENT EXHIBITION

VIEW FULL EXHIBITION TEXT AND IMAGES Now open, HOUSING DENSITY examines the history of density in New York City from tenements to "towers in the park" through the lens of density and its different definitions. What is density? Does the word describe a condition of people or place? Is it people crowded together? Buildings too tightly spaced, or too tall? The exhibition emphasizes understanding density as a step to meaningful dialogue about the future of the city. Click here for the HOUSING DENSITY LECTURE SERIES

Press Release

Reviews: World Architects

,

Untapped Cities

UPCOMING PROGRAMS

Tuesday, September 10, 2019 6:30-8:00 pm JUST DO IT: DOCUMENTARIES AND DOCUMENTING MODERN ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING Oral histories and film documentaries can be daunting projects that require the apparatus of library science and expert skill in grant-writing and persuasive fund-raising. Whether massive, multi-part series, intensely-focused portraits, or do-it-yourself videos, they capture images, interviews, and information that often would otherwise

be lost.

An expert panel that includes both the makers and subjects of the films and videos will discuss the value of documenting stories of modern architecture and engineering. The program will feature a discussion, illustrated by excerpts from several documentaries: speakers include LESLIE E. ROBERTSON, subject of the 2018 film “Leaning Out - An Intimate Look at Twin Towers Engineer Leslie E Robertson,” JAMES SANDERS, co-writer of the Emmy Award-winning PBS series New York: A Documentary Film, architectural historian ANNICE ALT, who created a video interview of architect RICHARD ROTH, and Museum Director CAROL WILLIS. Richard Roth will join the discussion via Skype from his home in Florida. Reservations are required, and priority is given to Members and Corporate Member firms and their employees. All guests MUST RSVP to programs@skyscraper.org to assure admittance to the event. Not a member? Become a Museum member today! ------------------------- CLICK HERE FOR MORE UPCOMING PROGRAMS. ------------------------- UPCOMING FAMILY PROGRAMS POP-UP SKYSCRAPER CARDS

September 7, 2019

10:30-11:45 AM

*** Please note this Family Program has been rescheduled from August

31st

*** Get excited for National Skyscraper Day on September 3rd by making pop-up cards of your own skyscraper design! Kids will learn about famous skyscrapers by touring our permanent exhibit, then draw their own tower on their take-home card. Ages 3+.

RSVP NOW

------------------------- CLICK HERE FOR MORE UPCOMING FAMILY PROGRAMS ------------------------- SKYSCRAPER GALLERIES The Skyscraper Museum's core exhibits trace the history of high-rise construction with models, videos, and infographics. Displays include a 40-foot long mural on the History of Height from the pyramids to the present, highlighting themes and buildings that relate to the evolution of the skyscraper and point the way to 21st-century supertalls. A special section devoted to the World Trade Center examines its creation as an urban renewal project in the 1960s and documents the rebuilding after 9/11. Case studies also feature the history of construction and models and graphics of the tallest skyscrapers internationally. -------------------------

SKYLINE

SKYLINE ran from July, 2018 through April 28, 2019. To view the virtual exhibition, CLICK HERE . SKYLINE examined the emergence of the collective image of the skyline as the brand identity of New York and distinguished five periods in which new buildings grow and take characteristic forms based on economic, technological, and regulatory factors. ------------------------- EXPLORE LOWER MANHATTAN Self-Guided Walking Tour of Heritage Trails New York Trace the rich history of lower Manhattan on its streets or on your computer. The Skyscraper Museum has updated four walking tours, first created in 1996 as Heritage Trails New York, with modern markers adding two new decades of development. Hunt the original markers on the street and read and see the recent history on your mobile device. Explore Downtown's history and read updates from the past two decades from your computer or as you trace the original routes! LAUNCH HERITAGE TRAILS NEW YORK

​

​THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM HAS CREATED A NEW WEB PROJECT THAT EXPLAINS AN EMERGING FORM IN SKYSCRAPER HISTORY THAT HAS EVOLVED IN NEW YORK OVER THE PAST DECADE:  THE SUPER-SLENDER, ULTRA LUXURY RESIDENTIAL TOWER. These pencil-thin periscopes — all 50 to 90+ stories — use a development and design strategy of slenderness to pile their city-regulated maximum square feet of floor area (FAR) as high in the sky to as possible to create luxury apartments defined by spectacular

views.

Click here to view NEW YORK'S SUPER-SLENDERS ------------------------- TEN & TALLER, an interactive web project , explores the rise of New York's skyscrapers by surveying every building in Manhattan ten stories or taller from the first ones in 1874 through 1900. The Skyscraper Museum collected images and mapped all the 252 buildings, as well as created a timeline of dates of construction. These interactive interfaces allow viewers to see and explore the buildings in innumerable ways. The web projects were launched in conjunction with the Museum's 2016 exhibition TEN & TALLER: Manhattan 1874 - 1900 which is documented in full here . ------------------------- A 3-D CBD: How the 1916 Zoning Law Shaped Manhattan's Central Business Districts 1939-40 NYC Department of Finance tax lot photographs of the Garment District, showing the distinctive setbacks created by the 1916 zoning law. From left to right: 345-351 W. 35th Street; 347-351 W. 36th Street; 247-255 W. 38th Street.

​

This essay, published online on July 25, 2016, to mark the precise centennial of the passage of the New York City Zoning Resolution on July 25th, 1916, is a revised and updated version of a 1991 conference paper and subsequent chapter of a 1993 book, _Planning and Zoning New York City: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow._ Organized by the New York City Department of City Planning, the conference celebrated the 75th anniversary of the zoning law with a symposium on the history and future of planning in New York City. Read the final report here Click here to read the essay -------------------------

HILARY BALLON

On June 16, 2017, we lost a dear friend and extraordinary colleague, Hilary Ballon. Please click here for a remembrance. -------------------------

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