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paper finds that
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product.JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
F. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freely INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product.JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
F. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freely INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
RESEARCH - RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The Direct Costs from NPE Disputes by James Bessen and Michael J. Meurer, Cornell Law Review (2014); The Private and Social Costs of Patent Trolls, also in Regulation by James Bessen, Jennifer Ford and Michael J. Meurer (2011); The Private Costs of Patent Litigation by James Bessen and Michael J. Meurer, Journal of Law, Economics and Policy (2013); Make the Patent ‘Polluters’ Pay by JamesF. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
PATENT FAILURE
Podcast of Mike Meurer on Hearsay Culture. Patent Failure, Jim Bessen at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society. Property Rights and Patent Reform Lecture by Michael Meurer at the Progress and Freedom Foundation Aspen Summit 2007. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freely THE SKILLS OF THE UNSKILLED IN THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL 2 - Skills of the Unskilled – February, 2002 This paper explores several aspects of the skills required of mule spinners and power loom tenders in ante-bellum Lowell, Massachusetts using micro-data. HOLDUP AND LICENSING OF CUMULATIVE INNOVATIONS WITH 4 - Holdup conditional on 0 cB vB so that F(0) 0 and ( ) 1 F vB.Also, F is twice continuously differentiable, and log-concave. 4. If firm B does invest and if an ex ante agreement was not reached in stage 2, then the firms bargain ex post. The outcome of this latter negotiationdepends on
THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT BAR JOURNAL 380 The Federal Circuit Bar Journal Vol. 18, No. 3 The first of our Articles, published in this journal in August 2001,2 de- termined and reported the number of Original Applications3 filed at the USPTO during FYs 1993–1998, and determined and reported Allowance CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE U.S CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE USPTO 37 span 1982, the year of formation of the Federal Circuit. Unfortunately, although USPTO Annual Report data for the years 1973–2000 were ob-tained, the USPTO apparently did not begin keeping computerizedrecords
CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE U.S Continuing Patent Applications and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office— Updated Cecil D. Quillen, Jr. and Ogden H. Webster* introduction The Federal Circuit Bar Journal, in its August 2001 issue, published a study in which we examined estimated Allowance Percentages1 and Grant Rates2 for the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for the years RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
F. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
THE SKILLS OF THE UNSKILLED IN THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL 2 - Skills of the Unskilled – February, 2002 This paper explores several aspects of the skills required of mule spinners and power loom tenders in ante-bellum Lowell, Massachusetts using micro-data. RESEARCH - JAMES BESSEN Economic Dynamism Accounting for Rising Corporate Profits: Intangibles or Regulatory Rents? Technology, Jobs, & Skills. How Computer Automation Affects Occupations: Technology, Jobs, and Skills; Information Technology and Learning On-the-Job WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) BIO - JAMES BESSEN - RESEARCH ON INNOVATION James Bessen, Executive Director of the Technology & Policy Research Initiative at Boston University School of Law, is an economist and Lecturer who studies technology and innovation policy. He has also been a successful innovator and CEO of a software company. Bessen has done research on whether patents promote innovation, why innovators share new knowledge, and how technology affected JAMES BESSEN* RESEARCH ON INNOVATION AND BOSTON UNIVERSITY 3 In certain ways, a patent is a custom design. The inventor’s right to exclude is limited to those claims applied for and granted by the patent office. Those claims are based, at least in part, on the description of the invention contained in the application to TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION COSTS AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: THE 4 – Technology Adoption Costs and Productivity Growth - Bessen – 9/01 3. A final reason for skepticism is the apparent recent reversal of the Solow paradox. TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNING BY FACTORY WORKERS: THE STRETCH Technology and Learning by Factory Workers: The Stretch-Out at Lowell, 1842 By James Bessen* 7/02 Abstract: In 1842, Lowell textile firms increased weaving productivity by assigning three looms CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE U.S CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE USPTO 37 span 1982, the year of formation of the Federal Circuit. Unfortunately, although USPTO Annual Report data for the years 1973–2000 were ob-tained, the USPTO apparently did not begin keeping computerizedrecords
RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
F. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
THE SKILLS OF THE UNSKILLED IN THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL 2 - Skills of the Unskilled – February, 2002 This paper explores several aspects of the skills required of mule spinners and power loom tenders in ante-bellum Lowell, Massachusetts using micro-data. RESEARCH - JAMES BESSEN Economic Dynamism Accounting for Rising Corporate Profits: Intangibles or Regulatory Rents? Technology, Jobs, & Skills. How Computer Automation Affects Occupations: Technology, Jobs, and Skills; Information Technology and Learning On-the-Job WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) BIO - JAMES BESSEN - RESEARCH ON INNOVATION James Bessen, Executive Director of the Technology & Policy Research Initiative at Boston University School of Law, is an economist and Lecturer who studies technology and innovation policy. He has also been a successful innovator and CEO of a software company. Bessen has done research on whether patents promote innovation, why innovators share new knowledge, and how technology affected JAMES BESSEN* RESEARCH ON INNOVATION AND BOSTON UNIVERSITY 3 In certain ways, a patent is a custom design. The inventor’s right to exclude is limited to those claims applied for and granted by the patent office. Those claims are based, at least in part, on the description of the invention contained in the application to TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION COSTS AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: THE 4 – Technology Adoption Costs and Productivity Growth - Bessen – 9/01 3. A final reason for skepticism is the apparent recent reversal of the Solow paradox. TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNING BY FACTORY WORKERS: THE STRETCH Technology and Learning by Factory Workers: The Stretch-Out at Lowell, 1842 By James Bessen* 7/02 Abstract: In 1842, Lowell textile firms increased weaving productivity by assigning three looms CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE U.S CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE USPTO 37 span 1982, the year of formation of the Federal Circuit. Unfortunately, although USPTO Annual Report data for the years 1973–2000 were ob-tained, the USPTO apparently did not begin keeping computerizedrecords
RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
JAMES BESSEN
Using two centuries of data, a simple model of demand accurately explains the rise and fall of employment in the US textile, steel, and automotive industries. The model also predicts that computer technology should generate relatively greater job growth in nonmanufacturing industries today. Estimates show computer use isassociated with
REAL OPTIONS AND THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES 5 - Real Options and the Adoption of New Technologies - Bessen – 12/99 account for obsolescence. Sandberg also uses an ad hoc adjustment for capacity utilization in PATENT THICKETS: STRATEGIC PATENTING OF COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES Patent Thickets: Strategic Patenting of Complex Technologies By James Bessen* Abstract: Patent race models assume that an innovator wins the only patent covering a product. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: FREE PROVISION OF COMPLEX PUBLIC GOODS 1 – Open Source – 7/05 I. Introduction On first examination, open source software seems paradoxical. Open source software is a public good provided by volunteers—the “source code” used to generate the programs is freelyLEARNING BY DOING
Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth. James Bessen. Yale University Press, April, 2015. Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere – in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office – but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements INTRODUCTION: THE ARGUMENT IN BRIEF Chapter 1 - Bessen & Meurer - 1 Introduction: The Argument in Brief Zimbabwe, a country once considered the “breadbasket of Africa,” now suffers widespread ACCOUNTING FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH WHEN TECHNICAL CHANGE Biased Technical Change - 3 The literature seems confused as to whether the Solow residual is an appropriate and meaningful measure of technical change when technical change is not Hicks neutral. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INTERNET: WHAT'S WRONG WITH 2 authors/inventors will be unable or unwilling to make the initial investment in development. They will choose not to create. Intellectual property rights inhibit imitation, and thus counteractthis effect.
WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT … WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) RESEARCH ON INNOVATION The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, thispaper finds that
F. M. SCHERER
F. M. Scherer is Professor of Public Policy and Corporate Management in the Aetna Chair, Emeritus. From 1974 to 1976, he was chief economist at the Federal Trade Commission. His research specialties are industrial economics and the economics of technological change, leading inter alia to books on Industrial Market Structure andEconomic
THE SKILLS OF THE UNSKILLED IN THE AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL 2 - Skills of the Unskilled – February, 2002 This paper explores several aspects of the skills required of mule spinners and power loom tenders in ante-bellum Lowell, Massachusetts using micro-data. RESEARCH - JAMES BESSEN Economic Dynamism Accounting for Rising Corporate Profits: Intangibles or Regulatory Rents? Technology, Jobs, & Skills. How Computer Automation Affects Occupations: Technology, Jobs, and Skills; Information Technology and Learning On-the-Job WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE WORKING PAPER NO. 03-17/R AN EMPIRICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE PATENTS James Bessen* Research on Innovation and Boston University School of Law (Visiting Researcher) BIO - JAMES BESSEN - RESEARCH ON INNOVATION James Bessen, Executive Director of the Technology & Policy Research Initiative at Boston University School of Law, is an economist and Lecturer who studies technology and innovation policy. He has also been a successful innovator and CEO of a software company. Bessen has done research on whether patents promote innovation, why innovators share new knowledge, and how technology affected JAMES BESSEN* RESEARCH ON INNOVATION AND BOSTON UNIVERSITY 3 In certain ways, a patent is a custom design. The inventor’s right to exclude is limited to those claims applied for and granted by the patent office. Those claims are based, at least in part, on the description of the invention contained in the application to TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION COSTS AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: THE 4 – Technology Adoption Costs and Productivity Growth - Bessen – 9/01 3. A final reason for skepticism is the apparent recent reversal of the Solow paradox. TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNING BY FACTORY WORKERS: THE STRETCH Technology and Learning by Factory Workers: The Stretch-Out at Lowell, 1842 By James Bessen* 7/02 Abstract: In 1842, Lowell textile firms increased weaving productivity by assigning three looms CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE U.S CONTINUING PATENT APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE USPTO 37 span 1982, the year of formation of the Federal Circuit. Unfortunately, although USPTO Annual Report data for the years 1973–2000 were ob-tained, the USPTO apparently did not begin keeping computerizedrecords
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THE WORK OF RESEARCH ON INNOVATION HAS BEEN TRANSFERRED TO THE TECHNOLOGY & POLICY RESEARCH INITIATIVE AT BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW PLEASE VISIT THAT WEBSITE . JAMES BESSEN'S RESEARCH AND WRITING CAN BE FOUND AT HIS PERSONALWEBSITE .
------------------------- HOW COMPUTER AUTOMATION AFFECTS OCCUPATIONS: TECHNOLOGY, JOBS, ANDSKILLS
"Occupations that use computers grow faster, not slower. This is true even for highly routine and mid-wage occupations. Estimates reject computers as a source of significant net technological unemployment or job polarization. But computerized occupations substitute for other occupations, shifting employment and requiring new skills. Because new skills are costly to learn, computer use is associated with substantially greater within-occupation wage inequality." * NEW! VoxEU article * Read the Research Summary* NY Times article
------------------------- ACCOUNTING FOR RISING CORPORATE PROFITS: INTANGIBLES OR REGULATORYRENTS?
Since 1980, US corporate valuations have risen relative to assets and operating margins have grown. The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could come from political rents or, instead, from returns to investments in intangibles. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbying, campaign spending, R&D, and organizational capital, this paper finds that both intangibles and political factors account for a substantial part of the increase in profits, but since 2000 political factors are more important. A difference-in-differences analysis finds that major expansions of regulation increase profits significantly. * NEW! Cato Research Brief* Research Summary
* Harvard Business Reviewpost
-------------------------COMMENTARY
COMPUTERS DON’T KILL JOBS BUT DO INCREASE INEQUALITY At Harvard Business Review:
"Economic inequality has become a prominent issue in this year’s U.S. presidential election...By many measures, the gap between high earners and low earners has widened substantially. But is this all the result of nefarious influence-peddling by the 1%? In fact, newresearch
shows
that a substantial part of the growth in this wage gap can be attributed to computer technology. THE AUTOMATION PARADOX AT THE ATLANTIC.COM: Automation
isn’t just for blue-collar workers anymore. Computers are now taking over tasks performed by professional workers, raising fears of massive unemployment...But these fears are misplaced—what’s happening with automation is not so simple or obvious. It turns out that workers will have greater employment opportunities if their occupation undergoes some degree of computer automation. As long as they can learn to use the new tools, automation will be their friend. ------------------------- THE ANTI-INNOVATORS: HOW SPECIAL INTERESTS UNDERMINE ENTREPRENEURSHIP JAMES BESSEN IN _FOREIGN AFFAIRS_ Politics is about balancing competing interests. Opposing factions battle one another but ultimately compromise, each getting something it wants. In recent decades, however, start-ups have consistently lost out. Whereas established interests have the money and lobbying power to buy political influence, newer firms offer only the promise of future profits. As Jim Cooper, a Democratic congressman from Tennessee, has framed the problem, “The future has no lobbyists.” ------------------------- EMPLOYERS AREN'T JUST WHINING—THE “SKILLS GAP” IS REAL JAMES BESSEN IN _HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW BLOG_:“
Why
are skills sometimes hard to measure and to manage? Because new technologies frequently require specific new skills that schools don’t teach and that labor markets don’t supply. Since information technologies have radically changed much work over the last couple of decades, employers have had persistent difficulty finding workers who can make the most of these new technologies.”...MORE COMMENTARY
NEWS
CNBC
on automation
Cited:
NY Times Mag
robots
WSJ
,
The Week
,
AP automation
Pro-Market Blog
, Corp.
profits & politics
The Economist, Automation Anxiety& Lifelong
Learning
EconTalk
on
Learning by Doing
NY Times
on computer automation and here;
also US News
------------------------- Senator Hatch citing research on patent reform:...MORE NEWS
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