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ALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aPIKSI - PTEROS
Varricchio initially thought that Piksi was a bird, but a 2012 reevaluation of the specimen by Federico Agnolin and Varricchio concluded that Piksi is actually a pterosaur. The genus name, Piksi, comes from the Blackfoot language and means “large bird.”. The species name, barbarulna, is derived from Latin, and translates to“strange elbow
ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.FAXINALIPTERUS
The original discovery team determined that Faxinalipterus was a pterosaur because the humerus has a distinctive shape at the shoulder that is seen in other pterosaurs, and the bones are hollow. The humerus is only 18 mm (¾ inch) long, indicating that in life it would have been the size of a sparrow with a wingspan under 25 cm (10inches).
ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and taperingJOSCHUA KNÜPPE
Born in 1992 in Mettingen, Germany Began drawing at age 3 2010, diploma (Fachabitur) dicipline design Studying art since 2010 at the Academy for fine Arts Münster Since 2013 in the class of Shana Moulton Since 2014 master student Exhibitions -2012 "Pyrungata", Kunst in der Region, Kloster Gravenhorst -2013 Förderpreisausstellung, Kunsthalle Münster -2013 "Studentennester", Stadtmuseum PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
ALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aPIKSI - PTEROS
Varricchio initially thought that Piksi was a bird, but a 2012 reevaluation of the specimen by Federico Agnolin and Varricchio concluded that Piksi is actually a pterosaur. The genus name, Piksi, comes from the Blackfoot language and means “large bird.”. The species name, barbarulna, is derived from Latin, and translates to“strange elbow
ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.FAXINALIPTERUS
The original discovery team determined that Faxinalipterus was a pterosaur because the humerus has a distinctive shape at the shoulder that is seen in other pterosaurs, and the bones are hollow. The humerus is only 18 mm (¾ inch) long, indicating that in life it would have been the size of a sparrow with a wingspan under 25 cm (10inches).
ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and taperingJOSCHUA KNÜPPE
Born in 1992 in Mettingen, Germany Began drawing at age 3 2010, diploma (Fachabitur) dicipline design Studying art since 2010 at the Academy for fine Arts Münster Since 2013 in the class of Shana Moulton Since 2014 master student Exhibitions -2012 "Pyrungata", Kunst in der Region, Kloster Gravenhorst -2013 Förderpreisausstellung, Kunsthalle Münster -2013 "Studentennester", StadtmuseumPTEROSAURS - PTEROS
Pterosaurs are an extinct diverse group of flying reptiles that lived in the Age of Dinosaurs TWO MEDICINE FORMATION A single genus of pterosaur is known from the Two Medicine Formation, the azhdarchoid Montanazhdarcho minor. This 2.5-meter wingspan pterosaur was originally considered to be an azhdarchid, but more recent research suggests it could be a member of a different azhdarchoid family, possibly a tapejarid or thalassodromid.CRYODRAKON - PTEROS
Cryodrakon, was among the largest pterosaurs, about the same size as Quetzalcoatlus, with a wingspan estimated to be about 10 m (33 feet). Like Quetzalcoatlus, it had an extraordinarily long neck, but was more robust and therefore heavier than its Texan kin. Nothing is known of the skull of Cryodrakon, but all other azhdarchids had very longARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.DARWINOPTERUS
Darwinopterus lived in a temperate forest of ginkgo, conifers and bennettites. It was also home to numerous tiny feathered dinosaurs, ranging from cat-size to sparrow-size. The dominant pterosaurs were the wukongopterids. Pretty much all of them were somewhat similar to aRADIODACTYLUS
Radiodactylus was relatively small, with a wingspan of only 1.5 m (5 feet). Azhdarchids were common pterosaurs in Upper Cretaceous rocks from all over the world, with many growing to enormous sizes. All known azhdarchids have long toothless bills, long necks, and relatively short wings. They are thought to have been hunters ofterrestrial prey
MYTHUNGA - PTEROS
Description. In 2008 paleontologist Ralph Molnar and Richard A. Thulborn described Mythunga camara, a new species of pterosaur from Australia known from a partial skull. It was discovered in 100-million-year-old rocks from the Toolebuc Formation in central Queensland, almost 400 km (250 miles) west of the coastal city ofTownsville.
FENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
KIMMERIDGE CLAY FORMATION Description. This series of Late Jurassic beds gives its name to the Kimmeridgian and the Tithonian Stages of the Late Jurassic. It dates back to roughly 155 to 149 million years ago, and covers a number of subdivisions. These sections are denoted by differences in ammonites. Ammonites are coil-shelled mollusks like an octopus in a shell. PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
TWO MEDICINE FORMATION A single genus of pterosaur is known from the Two Medicine Formation, the azhdarchoid Montanazhdarcho minor. This 2.5-meter wingspan pterosaur was originally considered to be an azhdarchid, but more recent research suggests it could be a member of a different azhdarchoid family, possibly a tapejarid or thalassodromid.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofHARPACTOGNATHUS
One of the better known Morrison Formation pterosaurs is Harpactoganthus gentryii, known from a partial skull discovered at the Bone Cabin Quarry in southeastern Wyoming in rocks deposited approximately 155 million years ago. The only known specimen of Harpactognathus is represented by the end of the snout, and shows thatthe skull was wider
FENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
EUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
ORNITHOCHEIRUS
It was the biggest of the ornithocheirids and the largest-known toothed pterosaur in the fossil record. Whatever remains of the original Ornithocheirus was a medium-sized flyer, possibly five meters across at maximum. It was nowhere near as huge as its celebrity statusmight hold but it
THALASSODROMEUS
Thalassodromeus sethi is a name that means “Seth’s sea-runner”, with Set or Seth being the Egyptian god of storms and chaos. The whole genus name is a relative misnomer given that it might not have had anything to do with hunting over the ocean.JOSCHUA KNÜPPE
Born in 1992 in Mettingen, Germany Began drawing at age 3 2010, diploma (Fachabitur) dicipline design Studying art since 2010 at the Academy for fine Arts Münster Since 2013 in the class of Shana Moulton Since 2014 master student Exhibitions -2012 "Pyrungata", Kunst in der Region, Kloster Gravenhorst -2013 Förderpreisausstellung, Kunsthalle Münster -2013 "Studentennester", Stadtmuseum PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
TWO MEDICINE FORMATION A single genus of pterosaur is known from the Two Medicine Formation, the azhdarchoid Montanazhdarcho minor. This 2.5-meter wingspan pterosaur was originally considered to be an azhdarchid, but more recent research suggests it could be a member of a different azhdarchoid family, possibly a tapejarid or thalassodromid.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofHARPACTOGNATHUS
One of the better known Morrison Formation pterosaurs is Harpactoganthus gentryii, known from a partial skull discovered at the Bone Cabin Quarry in southeastern Wyoming in rocks deposited approximately 155 million years ago. The only known specimen of Harpactognathus is represented by the end of the snout, and shows thatthe skull was wider
FENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
EUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
ORNITHOCHEIRUS
It was the biggest of the ornithocheirids and the largest-known toothed pterosaur in the fossil record. Whatever remains of the original Ornithocheirus was a medium-sized flyer, possibly five meters across at maximum. It was nowhere near as huge as its celebrity statusmight hold but it
THALASSODROMEUS
Thalassodromeus sethi is a name that means “Seth’s sea-runner”, with Set or Seth being the Egyptian god of storms and chaos. The whole genus name is a relative misnomer given that it might not have had anything to do with hunting over the ocean.JOSCHUA KNÜPPE
Born in 1992 in Mettingen, Germany Began drawing at age 3 2010, diploma (Fachabitur) dicipline design Studying art since 2010 at the Academy for fine Arts Münster Since 2013 in the class of Shana Moulton Since 2014 master student Exhibitions -2012 "Pyrungata", Kunst in der Region, Kloster Gravenhorst -2013 Förderpreisausstellung, Kunsthalle Münster -2013 "Studentennester", StadtmuseumENVIRONMENTS
Pterosaurs lived in diverse environments and their fossils are found in rock formations across the globe.PTEROSAURS - PTEROS
Pterosaurs are an extinct diverse group of flying reptiles that lived in the Age of DinosaursDARWINOPTERUS
Darwinopterus lived in a temperate forest of ginkgo, conifers and bennettites. It was also home to numerous tiny feathered dinosaurs, ranging from cat-size to sparrow-size. The dominant pterosaurs were the wukongopterids. Pretty much all of them were somewhat similar to aALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.SEAZZADACTYLUS
Presumably, like all other early pterosaurs, Seazzadactylus had a long tail. The wings and shoulders are almost completely preserved, missing only the distal portion of the last wing finger phalanx. The hips and hindlimbs are less well preserved. In life, this individual had a wingspan of about 60 cm (2 feet), but was not yet fully grown.AUSTRIADRACO
The limb bones have distinctive proportions compared to other Triassic pterosaurs, with longer legs compared to its wings than many others. The only known individual was nearly fully grown, but a small animal with its wingspan estimated to be about 80 cm (about 2.5 feet). When Austriadraco was alive, about 210 million years ago, most of theAPATORHAMPHUS
Description. In 2020, paleontologists James McPhee and colleagues described a new genus and species of probably chaoyangopterid pterosaur, Apatorhamphus gyrostega, from the Kem Kem Beds of Morocco. Apatorhamphus is known from a partial premaxilla and three other snout fragments and a martial mandible, as well as a referred rostrumpreviously
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and tapering ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.ARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
ALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofFENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and taperingEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and a ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.FAXINALIPTERUS
The original discovery team determined that Faxinalipterus was a pterosaur because the humerus has a distinctive shape at the shoulder that is seen in other pterosaurs, and the bones are hollow. The humerus is only 18 mm (¾ inch) long, indicating that in life it would have been the size of a sparrow with a wingspan under 25 cm (10inches).
ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
ARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
ALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofFENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and taperingEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and a ARCHAEOISTIODACTYLUS Archaeoistiodactylus is known from a single incomplete associated skeleton. The rear part of the skull, most of the mandible, and some limb bones. The skull is represented by the area around the jaw joint, and the tooth-bearing maxilla. Although the skull is incompletely preserved, the nasoantorbital fenestra was apparently quite large.FAXINALIPTERUS
The original discovery team determined that Faxinalipterus was a pterosaur because the humerus has a distinctive shape at the shoulder that is seen in other pterosaurs, and the bones are hollow. The humerus is only 18 mm (¾ inch) long, indicating that in life it would have been the size of a sparrow with a wingspan under 25 cm (10inches).
ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
ARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
CRYODRAKON - PTEROS
Cryodrakon, was among the largest pterosaurs, about the same size as Quetzalcoatlus, with a wingspan estimated to be about 10 m (33 feet). Like Quetzalcoatlus, it had an extraordinarily long neck, but was more robust and therefore heavier than its Texan kin. Nothing is known of the skull of Cryodrakon, but all other azhdarchids had very longAPATORHAMPHUS
Description. In 2020, paleontologists James McPhee and colleagues described a new genus and species of probably chaoyangopterid pterosaur, Apatorhamphus gyrostega, from the Kem Kem Beds of Morocco. Apatorhamphus is known from a partial premaxilla and three other snout fragments and a martial mandible, as well as a referred rostrumpreviously
ARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
AUSTRIADRACO
The limb bones have distinctive proportions compared to other Triassic pterosaurs, with longer legs compared to its wings than many others. The only known individual was nearly fully grown, but a small animal with its wingspan estimated to be about 80 cm (about 2.5 feet). When Austriadraco was alive, about 210 million years ago, most of theHARPACTOGNATHUS
One of the better known Morrison Formation pterosaurs is Harpactoganthus gentryii, known from a partial skull discovered at the Bone Cabin Quarry in southeastern Wyoming in rocks deposited approximately 155 million years ago. The only known specimen of Harpactognathus is represented by the end of the snout, and shows thatthe skull was wider
ANUROGNATHUS
The archetype of cute and weird pterosaurs, Anurognathus hunted at night. Its large eyes helped it to pick up even the faintest traces of light, while its massive fur-covered wings softened itsCARNIADACTYLUS
The name Carniadactylus rosenfedli honors the Carnia region of Italy and Professor Rosenfeld. The specimen is on a rock slab and is made up of most of an articulated skeleton of a small, pterosaur lying on its side. The skeleton is missing most of its head, some neck vertebrae, some limb bones, and the tail.MYTHUNGA - PTEROS
Description. In 2008 paleontologist Ralph Molnar and Richard A. Thulborn described Mythunga camara, a new species of pterosaur from Australia known from a partial skull. It was discovered in 100-million-year-old rocks from the Toolebuc Formation in central Queensland, almost 400 km (250 miles) west of the coastal city ofTownsville.
DARWINOPTERUS
Darwinopterus lived in a temperate forest of ginkgo, conifers and bennettites. It was also home to numerous tiny feathered dinosaurs, ranging from cat-size to sparrow-size. The dominant pterosaurs were the wukongopterids. Pretty much all of them were somewhat similar to aTHALASSODROMEUS
Thalassodromeus sethi is a name that means “Seth’s sea-runner”, with Set or Seth being the Egyptian god of storms and chaos. The whole genus name is a relative misnomer given that it might not have had anything to do with hunting over the ocean. PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
TWO MEDICINE FORMATION A single genus of pterosaur is known from the Two Medicine Formation, the azhdarchoid Montanazhdarcho minor. This 2.5-meter wingspan pterosaur was originally considered to be an azhdarchid, but more recent research suggests it could be a member of a different azhdarchoid family, possibly a tapejarid or thalassodromid.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.AUSTRIADRACO
The limb bones have distinctive proportions compared to other Triassic pterosaurs, with longer legs compared to its wings than many others. The only known individual was nearly fully grown, but a small animal with its wingspan estimated to be about 80 cm (about 2.5 feet). When Austriadraco was alive, about 210 million years ago, most of theFENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
CRYODRAKON - PTEROS
Cryodrakon, was among the largest pterosaurs, about the same size as Quetzalcoatlus, with a wingspan estimated to be about 10 m (33 feet). Like Quetzalcoatlus, it had an extraordinarily long neck, but was more robust and therefore heavier than its Texan kin. Nothing is known of the skull of Cryodrakon, but all other azhdarchids had very longEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aCARNIADACTYLUS
The name Carniadactylus rosenfedli honors the Carnia region of Italy and Professor Rosenfeld. The specimen is on a rock slab and is made up of most of an articulated skeleton of a small, pterosaur lying on its side. The skeleton is missing most of its head, some neck vertebrae, some limb bones, and the tail.ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
PTEROS, THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PTEROSAURSPTEROSAURSFAMILIESENVIRONMENTSJOURNALSFERRODRACOMUZQUIZOPTERYX Pteros, The Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. Leptostomia is a small pterosaur only known from its forceps-like beak. Leptostomia. The strong jaws and blunt teeth of Ordosipterus helped it break the shells of its food. Ordosipterus. This English pterosaur appears to havefamily ties
TWO MEDICINE FORMATION A single genus of pterosaur is known from the Two Medicine Formation, the azhdarchoid Montanazhdarcho minor. This 2.5-meter wingspan pterosaur was originally considered to be an azhdarchid, but more recent research suggests it could be a member of a different azhdarchoid family, possibly a tapejarid or thalassodromid.SERICIPTERUS
It was one of the largest Jurassic pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of about 175 cm (5 ft 9 in), about the same size as a great blue heron. Andres, Clark, and Xu performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that Sericipterus was a rhamphorhynchid, a common family ofALTMUEHLOPTERUS
Paleontologists have known Altmuehlopterus since the 1850s, but only gave it a unique genus name in 2017.AUSTRIADRACO
The limb bones have distinctive proportions compared to other Triassic pterosaurs, with longer legs compared to its wings than many others. The only known individual was nearly fully grown, but a small animal with its wingspan estimated to be about 80 cm (about 2.5 feet). When Austriadraco was alive, about 210 million years ago, most of theFENGHUANGOPTERUS
Description. In 2010, paleontologists Lü Jun-chang, Fucha Xiao-hui, and Chen Jin-mei named Fenghuangopterus lii, a small pterosaur from Liaoning, China. Fenghuangopterus was found in rocks of the Tiaojishan Formation, famous for its exquisitely preserved Middle Jurassic fossils. Fenghuangopterus is named for Fenghuang Mountain in Liaoning,but
CRYODRAKON - PTEROS
Cryodrakon, was among the largest pterosaurs, about the same size as Quetzalcoatlus, with a wingspan estimated to be about 10 m (33 feet). Like Quetzalcoatlus, it had an extraordinarily long neck, but was more robust and therefore heavier than its Texan kin. Nothing is known of the skull of Cryodrakon, but all other azhdarchids had very longEUROPEJARA - PTEROS
This pterosaur, named Europejara olcadesorum, is based on a single partial skull discovered at the Las Hoyas locality in the La Huérguina Formation, deposited 125 to 130 million years ago. The skull is incomplete, represented by most of the lower jaw, the region around the ear and eye, and aCARNIADACTYLUS
The name Carniadactylus rosenfedli honors the Carnia region of Italy and Professor Rosenfeld. The specimen is on a rock slab and is made up of most of an articulated skeleton of a small, pterosaur lying on its side. The skeleton is missing most of its head, some neck vertebrae, some limb bones, and the tail.ARTHURDACTYLUS
Description. In 1994 Eberhard Frey and David Martill named Arthurdactylus conandoylei, the first known pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil. The species is named for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the 1912 novel “The Lost World,” which recounts an expedition that discovered livingdinosaurs and
ENVIRONMENTS
Pterosaurs lived in diverse environments and their fossils are found in rock formations across the globe.AUSTRIADRACO
The limb bones have distinctive proportions compared to other Triassic pterosaurs, with longer legs compared to its wings than many others. The only known individual was nearly fully grown, but a small animal with its wingspan estimated to be about 80 cm (about 2.5 feet). When Austriadraco was alive, about 210 million years ago, most of the WHAT IS A PTEROSAUR? What is a pterosaur? They were not dinosaurs as most assume, instead being flying reptiles and rather close relatives. These creatures are often known as “pterodactyls” in the public consciousness but in reality are known as pterosaurs.APATORHAMPHUS
Description. In 2020, paleontologists James McPhee and colleagues described a new genus and species of probably chaoyangopterid pterosaur, Apatorhamphus gyrostega, from the Kem Kem Beds of Morocco. Apatorhamphus is known from a partial premaxilla and three other snout fragments and a martial mandible, as well as a referred rostrumpreviously
LONGCHENGPTERUS
Longchengpterus is named for Longcheng, an ancient name for the nearby city of Chaoyang, as well as paleontologist Zhou Dayu. It’s known from a single, partial skeleton made up of most of the skull, a few neck vertebrae, both shoulders, most of the left wing and part of the right, as well as one femur. The skull is very long and taperingDARWINOPTERUS
Darwinopterus lived in a temperate forest of ginkgo, conifers and bennettites. It was also home to numerous tiny feathered dinosaurs, ranging from cat-size to sparrow-size. The dominant pterosaurs were the wukongopterids. Pretty much all of them were somewhat similar to aHARPACTOGNATHUS
One of the better known Morrison Formation pterosaurs is Harpactoganthus gentryii, known from a partial skull discovered at the Bone Cabin Quarry in southeastern Wyoming in rocks deposited approximately 155 million years ago. The only known specimen of Harpactognathus is represented by the end of the snout, and shows thatthe skull was wider
THALASSODROMEUS
Thalassodromeus sethi is a name that means “Seth’s sea-runner”, with Set or Seth being the Egyptian god of storms and chaos. The whole genus name is a relative misnomer given that it might not have had anything to do with hunting over the ocean.ARGENTINADRACO
The Upper Cretaceous Portezuelo Formation of Neuquén Province, Argentina was home to Argentinadraco barrealensis. It was named in 2017 by Alexander Kellner and Jorge Calvo, and is based on a single incomplete mandible. The name translates to “Argentina dragon from Lake Barreales.”. The mandible is mostly complete, but missing boththe
YIXIAN FORMATION
The most prolific animal of the Yixian biota though, is the small fish Lycoptera. This bony fish might have looked rather generic but is an important index fossil that helps to identify the formation as a whole. Lycoptera probably fed on small bits of plants and animals in the water, like insect larvae and other pieces of floating detritus. Pterosaurs Families Environments Journals What is a pterosaur?__
Azhdarchids like Albadraco were the top predators on ancient HategIsland.
Albadraco
Paleontologists thought the first bones from this giant Canadian pterosaur were from Quetzalcoatlus.Cryodrakon
This Lebanese pterosaur may have plucked shrimp from the open ocean.Mimodactylus
This German pterosaur is named for House Targaryen, the masters of dragons in Game of Thrones.Targaryendraco
This tiny pterosaur has a patch of fossilized skin from near itsright shoulder.
Daohugoupterus
Australia’s most complete pterosaur specimen, nicknamed “Butch,” is a close relative to species in both Australia andEurope.
Ferrodraco
Keresdrakon is the second pterosaur discovered at Brazil’s “pterosaur graveyard.”Keresdrakon
The only specimen of this Triassic pterosaur was discovered in a boulder in an Italian stream.Seazzadactylus
This Brazilian pterosaur was one of the largest known flyingreptiles.
Tropeognathus
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