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released in 1981.
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not adding COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: OVERVIEW Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives.This series of articles describes each of these assemblers. MACROSS 6502, AN ASSEMBLER FOR PEOPLE WHO HATE ASSEMBLYSEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation. REFILLING A COMMODORE MPS 1550 C RIBBON An empty ribbon of the 9-pin printer Commodore MPS 1550 C (which is mechanically identical with the Olivetti DM 105) can easily be refilled using stamp pad ink. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not adding COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: OVERVIEW Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives.This series of articles describes each of these assemblers. MACROSS 6502, AN ASSEMBLER FOR PEOPLE WHO HATE ASSEMBLYSEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation. REFILLING A COMMODORE MPS 1550 C RIBBON An empty ribbon of the 9-pin printer Commodore MPS 1550 C (which is mechanically identical with the Olivetti DM 105) can easily be refilled using stamp pad ink. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not adding KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: PART 4: HCD65 In the series about the assemblers Commodore used for developing the ROMs of their 8-bit computers, this article covers the 1987 “HCD65” assembler that ran on the C128.PAGETABLE.COM
The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side REVERSE-ENGINEERING DOS 1.0 The bootsector of DOS 1.0 is celebrating its 28th birthday today (it contains the timestamp “7-May-81”), so let’s look at it more closely. Here it is: DOS 1.0 shipped on a 160 KB single sided disk. The boot code in the IBM PC’s BIOS loaded the first sector into RAM at segment 0x0000, offset 0x7C00 and ran it. Later versions of BIOSC64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation. KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not addingC64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: MACROSS 6502, AN ASSEMBLER FOR PEOPLE WHO HATE ASSEMBLYSEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation. MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
REFILLING A COMMODORE MPS 1550 C RIBBON An empty ribbon of the 9-pin printer Commodore MPS 1550 C (which is mechanically identical with the Olivetti DM 105) can easily be refilled using stamp pad ink. KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not addingC64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: MACROSS 6502, AN ASSEMBLER FOR PEOPLE WHO HATE ASSEMBLYSEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation. MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ONPAGETABLE.COM
REFILLING A COMMODORE MPS 1550 C RIBBON An empty ribbon of the 9-pin printer Commodore MPS 1550 C (which is mechanically identical with the Olivetti DM 105) can easily be refilled using stamp pad ink. KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
THE FUNNY PAGE TABLE TERMINOLOGY ON AMD64 The funny page table terminology on AMD64. 2019-05-07. 2006-06-12 by Michael Steil. What’s the next word in this sequence: PT, PD, PDP, ? As you probably know, “AX” means “A extended”, and therefore “EAX” means “extended AX extended”. With the 64 bit extensions of the 8080 architecture, AMD chose “RAX”, not adding COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: OVERVIEW Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives.This series of articles describes each of these assemblers. COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: PART 4: HCD65 In the series about the assemblers Commodore used for developing the ROMs of their 8-bit computers, this article covers the 1987 “HCD65” assembler that ran on the C128. ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side 62 REVERSE-ENGINEERED C64 ASSEMBLY LISTINGS 62 Reverse-Engineered C64 Assembly Listings. 2019-05-07. 2017-07-31 by Michael Steil. Between 1992 and 1995, I reverse engineered Commodore 64 applications by printing their disassemblies on paper and adding handwritten comments (in German). These are the PDF scans of the 62 applications, which are 552 pages total. File. FINAL CARTRIDGE III WITH GEOS The Final Cartridge III is great: It comes with a disk speeder, BASIC extensions, an excellent monitor – and an impressive, but ultimately useless GUI, because there are practically no applications for it. Let’s replace the FC3 GUI with GEOS! The source can be found here: fc3-geos.crt – boots into GEOS, hold the STOP key on RESET to boot REVERSE-ENGINEERING DOS 1.0 The bootsector of DOS 1.0 is celebrating its 28th birthday today (it contains the timestamp “7-May-81”), so let’s look at it more closely. Here it is: DOS 1.0 shipped on a 160 KB single sided disk. The boot code in the IBM PC’s BIOS loaded the first sector into RAM at segment 0x0000, offset 0x7C00 and ran it. Later versions of BIOS BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore’s Assemblers: Overview. 2021-05-24. 2021-05-09 by Michael Steil. Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog.C64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 Internals of BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET on a MOS 6502. After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the question how the 6502 handles BRK, IRQ,NMI and
MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODE CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA There is a small board inside that converts the output of the switches to USB. The inputs of the switches come in through this connector: Converting this joystick into an C64/Amiga/Atari one is as easy as connecting the wires to a female DB9 plug. It is easiest to buy a 9-pin RS-232 extension cable and use the female connector and itswires.
WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1)PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore’s Assemblers: Overview. 2021-05-24. 2021-05-09 by Michael Steil. Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog.C64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 Internals of BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET on a MOS 6502. After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the question how the 6502 handles BRK, IRQ,NMI and
MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODE CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA There is a small board inside that converts the output of the switches to USB. The inputs of the switches come in through this connector: Converting this joystick into an C64/Amiga/Atari one is as easy as connecting the wires to a female DB9 plug. It is easiest to buy a 9-pin RS-232 extension cable and use the female connector and itswires.
WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1) KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: PART 4: HCD65 In the series about the assemblers Commodore used for developing the ROMs of their 8-bit computers, this article covers the 1987 “HCD65” assembler that ran on the C128. ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side ULTIMATE C64 KERNAL API REFERENCE The Ultimate C64 Reference is growing again: This time, we’re adding the KERNAL API reference – as always, in eleven different versions side-by-side. These are the references that have been adapted for this: Commodore 64 Programmer’s Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3. COMPUTE!’s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan HeebINSIDE GEOWRITE
The first three bytes of the file are the dimensions of the image. The width is one byte and is measured in units of 8 pixels. The next two bytes are the height in pixels. The theoretical maximum dimensions of a photo scrap are therefore 2040 (255*8) * 65535, with the widthdivisible by 8.
FINAL CARTRIDGE III WITH GEOS The Final Cartridge III is great: It comes with a disk speeder, BASIC extensions, an excellent monitor – and an impressive, but ultimately useless GUI, because there are practically no applications for it. Let’s replace the FC3 GUI with GEOS! The source can be found here: fc3-geos.crt – boots into GEOS, hold the STOP key on RESET to boot FFREEP – THE ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTION THAT NEVER EXISTED FFREEP – the assembly instruction that never existed. Due to simplified instruction decoding of the Intel 80287, this CPU had opcode aliases for instructions like FXCH, FSTP, i.e. there were some additional encodings that did the same as the originals as defined by the 8087. As a side effect of this, a new instruction, FFREEP appearedPAGETABLE.COM
The Z3 by Konrad Zuse was the world’s first working digital Turing-complete computer. It did floating point arithmetic, had two registers accessible to the programmer, was microcoded, and clocked at about 5 Hz. read more BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore computers up to BASIC 2.0 (like the Commodore 64, the VIC-20 and the PET 2001) only had a very basic understanding of mass storage: There were physical device numbers that were mapped to the different busses, and the “KERNAL” library had “open”, “read”, “write” and “close” functions that worked on these devices.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore’s Assemblers: Overview. 2021-05-24. 2021-05-09 by Michael Steil. Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog.C64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 Internals of BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET on a MOS 6502. After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the question how the 6502 handles BRK, IRQ,NMI and
MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODE CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA There is a small board inside that converts the output of the switches to USB. The inputs of the switches come in through this connector: Converting this joystick into an C64/Amiga/Atari one is as easy as connecting the wires to a female DB9 plug. It is easiest to buy a 9-pin RS-232 extension cable and use the female connector and itswires.
WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1)PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore’s Assemblers: Overview. 2021-05-24. 2021-05-09 by Michael Steil. Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog.C64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 Internals of BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET on a MOS 6502. After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the question how the 6502 handles BRK, IRQ,NMI and
MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODE CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA There is a small board inside that converts the output of the switches to USB. The inputs of the switches come in through this connector: Converting this joystick into an C64/Amiga/Atari one is as easy as connecting the wires to a female DB9 plug. It is easiest to buy a 9-pin RS-232 extension cable and use the female connector and itswires.
WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1) KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: PART 4: HCD65 In the series about the assemblers Commodore used for developing the ROMs of their 8-bit computers, this article covers the 1987 “HCD65” assembler that ran on the C128. ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side ULTIMATE C64 KERNAL API REFERENCE The Ultimate C64 Reference is growing again: This time, we’re adding the KERNAL API reference – as always, in eleven different versions side-by-side. These are the references that have been adapted for this: Commodore 64 Programmer’s Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3. COMPUTE!’s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan HeebINSIDE GEOWRITE
The first three bytes of the file are the dimensions of the image. The width is one byte and is measured in units of 8 pixels. The next two bytes are the height in pixels. The theoretical maximum dimensions of a photo scrap are therefore 2040 (255*8) * 65535, with the widthdivisible by 8.
FINAL CARTRIDGE III WITH GEOS The Final Cartridge III is great: It comes with a disk speeder, BASIC extensions, an excellent monitor – and an impressive, but ultimately useless GUI, because there are practically no applications for it. Let’s replace the FC3 GUI with GEOS! The source can be found here: fc3-geos.crt – boots into GEOS, hold the STOP key on RESET to boot FFREEP – THE ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTION THAT NEVER EXISTED FFREEP – the assembly instruction that never existed. Due to simplified instruction decoding of the Intel 80287, this CPU had opcode aliases for instructions like FXCH, FSTP, i.e. there were some additional encodings that did the same as the originals as defined by the 8087. As a side effect of this, a new instruction, FFREEP appearedPAGETABLE.COM
The Z3 by Konrad Zuse was the world’s first working digital Turing-complete computer. It did floating point arithmetic, had two registers accessible to the programmer, was microcoded, and clocked at about 5 Hz. read more BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore computers up to BASIC 2.0 (like the Commodore 64, the VIC-20 and the PET 2001) only had a very basic understanding of mass storage: There were physical device numbers that were mapped to the different busses, and the “KERNAL” library had “open”, “read”, “write” and “close” functions that worked on these devices.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore’s Assemblers: Overview. 2021-05-24. 2021-05-09 by Michael Steil. Commodore used 5 different assemblers, most of them in-house tools, to build the ROMs for their Computers like the PET, the C64 and the C128. Nevertheless, all Commodore source files, from 1975 to 1990, share a common format and use the same assembly directives. BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM 2009-08-24 by James Abbatiello. It is a good time for statically recompiled versions of BASIC from old computers. First there was Apple I BASIC . Then came Commodore BASIC . Now, due to overwhelming demand, we’re proud to release TI-99/4A BASIC. For those unfamiliar the TI-99/4A was a home computer by Texas Instrumentsreleased in 1981.
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog.C64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
C64 CP/M Cartridge. 2019-05-18 by Michael Steil. The cartridge that makes a C64 a “dual processor” computer: Commodore’s CP/M cartridge for C64 contains a Z80 CPU and comes with version 2.2 of the CP/M operating system. Here are some pictures. The CP/M operating system was popular for its large library of business applications. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Reconstructing Some Source of Microsoft BASIC for 8080. 2019-05-07. 2015-04-14 by Michael Steil. Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University. Some snippets of the code are public though: INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 Internals of BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET on a MOS 6502. After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the question how the 6502 handles BRK, IRQ,NMI and
MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODE CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA There is a small board inside that converts the output of the switches to USB. The inputs of the switches come in through this connector: Converting this joystick into an C64/Amiga/Atari one is as easy as connecting the wires to a female DB9 plug. It is easiest to buy a 9-pin RS-232 extension cable and use the female connector and itswires.
WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1)PAGETABLE.COM
All disk drives connected to the Serial Bus of a Commodore 64 speak the Commodore DOS protocol, from the popular 1541 5.25″ drive to the modern sd2iec SD card interfaces. CMDR-DOS is a new and open source implementation of the Commodore DOS protocol, using SD cards with the FAT32 filesystem and supporting advances features like partitions, subdirectories and timestamps – and BASIC – PAGETABLE.COM The Commodore 64 ROM has been subject to immense reverse engineering. Many commented disassemblies were published over the decades, scattered over different media such as books, magazines, disks, and later, the internet – and there are even some commentaries that apply to the C64 ROM, but were written with other systems in mind that shared Microsoft’s BASIC interpreter. DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA Thank you for this! My older brother passed away 4 years ago. He was a DJ and left tons of old MiniDiscs with mixes and recordings. I have been wanting to back it up in a more modern audio format and as close to its original quality as possible, but been struggling to find any good approaches or alternatives to analog. RECONSTRUCTING SOME SOURCE OF MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 8080 Microsoft BASIC for 6502 exists digitally in source form – the older version of the Intel 8080 CPU only exists on paper though: as a printout in the archives of Harvard University.Some snippets of the code are public though: Ian Griffiths held the printout in his hands and took notes.He copied down several lines from the first page. DUMPING COMMODORE 64/1541 DISKS WITH ERRORS Another common copy protection was the clever use of weak bits/sectors. ARCHON was one of those games. I was too young and I didn’t understand it at the time, the only thing I knew is that the only program able to copy it was “DISK MIMIC” and it took 45 minutes to do it (I still don’t know using what kind of magic). INTERNALS OF BRK/IRQ/NMI/RESET ON A MOS 6502 After 35 years of measuring the behaviour of the MOS 6502 CPU to better understand what is going on, the Visual6502 simulator finally allows us insight into the chip, so we can understand what the CPU does internally. One interesting thing here is the MICROSOFT BASIC FOR 6502 ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE [1978SEE MORE ON PAGETABLE.COMFREE WEBSITE SOURCE CODEC64 CP/M CARTRIDGE
Problem 1: The Z80 couldn’t run in parallel to the 6510 (same as in C128). Problem 2: C64 with this cart was a rather slow CP/M system, also in terms of CPU poer (same as C128) CONVERTING THE “COMPETITION PRO EXTRA USB” TO C64/AMIGA The new Speedlink Competition Pro Extra USB joystick has all the phsical properties and the excellent switches of the original Competition Pro, but comes with a USB interface. While this is great for use with The64 Mini for example, this joystick can be easily converted into an old-school DB9 joystick to work with Commodore, Amiga and Atari computers and consoles – without giving up the USB WHY DO C64 GEOS BOOT DISKS BREAK? (PART 1) KERNAL API | ULTIMATE C64 REFERENCE Programmer's Reference Guide: Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3: Tool Kit: COMPUTE!'s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan Heeb, ISBN 0942386337: Machine LanguageRoutines
COMMODORE’S ASSEMBLERS: PART 4: HCD65 In the series about the assemblers Commodore used for developing the ROMs of their 8-bit computers, this article covers the 1987 “HCD65” assembler that ran on the C128. ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassemblies of the ROM, several “memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE.Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map: A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side ULTIMATE C64 KERNAL API REFERENCE The Ultimate C64 Reference is growing again: This time, we’re adding the KERNAL API reference – as always, in eleven different versions side-by-side. These are the references that have been adapted for this: Commodore 64 Programmer’s Reference Guide, ISBN 0-672-22056-3. COMPUTE!’s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 Tool Kit: Kernal by Dan HeebINSIDE GEOWRITE
The first three bytes of the file are the dimensions of the image. The width is one byte and is measured in units of 8 pixels. The next two bytes are the height in pixels. The theoretical maximum dimensions of a photo scrap are therefore 2040 (255*8) * 65535, with the widthdivisible by 8.
FINAL CARTRIDGE III WITH GEOS The Final Cartridge III is great: It comes with a disk speeder, BASIC extensions, an excellent monitor – and an impressive, but ultimately useless GUI, because there are practically no applications for it. Let’s replace the FC3 GUI with GEOS! The source can be found here: fc3-geos.crt – boots into GEOS, hold the STOP key on RESET to boot FFREEP – THE ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTION THAT NEVER EXISTED FFREEP – the assembly instruction that never existed. Due to simplified instruction decoding of the Intel 80287, this CPU had opcode aliases for instructions like FXCH, FSTP, i.e. there were some additional encodings that did the same as the originals as defined by the 8087. As a side effect of this, a new instruction, FFREEP appearedPAGETABLE.COM
The Z3 by Konrad Zuse was the world’s first working digital Turing-complete computer. It did floating point arithmetic, had two registers accessible to the programmer, was microcoded, and clocked at about 5 Hz. read more BUILDING THE ORIGINAL COMMODORE 64 KERNAL SOURCE Many reverse-engineered versions of “KERNAL”, the C64’s ROM operating system exist, and some of them even in a form that can be built into the original binary.But how about building the original C64 KERNAL source with the original tools? The Commodore engineer Dennis Jarvis rescued many disks with Commodore source, which he gave to Steve Gray for preservation.PAGETABLE.COM
Commodore computers up to BASIC 2.0 (like the Commodore 64, the VIC-20 and the PET 2001) only had a very basic understanding of mass storage: There were physical device numbers that were mapped to the different busses, and the “KERNAL” library had “open”, “read”, “write” and “close” functions that worked on these devices.Skip to content
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REVERSE-ENGINEERED GEOWRITE 2.1 FOR C64 SOURCE CODE 2020-11-23 by Michael Steil geoWrite is a WYSIWYG rich text editor for the Commodore 64 GEOS operating system. I created a reverse-engineered source version of the geoWrite 2.1 for the C64 (English and German) for the cc65 compilersuite: read more
Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
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DISKETTENLAUFWERKE AM BEISPIEL DER COMMODORE 1541 2020-10-20 by Michael Steilread more
Categories 6502 , C64, Commodore
, Floppy Disks
4 Comments
ANKÜNDIGUNG: VORTRAG “DISKETTENLAUFWERKE AM BEISPIEL DER COMMODORE 1541” AM VCFB 2020 2020-10-202020-10-10 by MichaelSteil
_This post is about an upcoming talk in German._ read more Categories 6502 , C64, Commodore
, Floppy Disks
, Presentation
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INSIDE GEOWRITE – 9: KEYBOARD HANDLING 2020-09-24 by Michael Steil In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses how the app consolidates keyboard input to keep up with fast typists. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
3 Comments
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 8: COPY & PASTE 2020-09-242020-09-22 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses its efficient cross-application cut/copy/paste implementation. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
2 Comments
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 7: FILE FORMAT AND PAGINATION 2020-09-242020-09-16 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses how its file format allows the app to efficiently edit documents hundreds of KB in size. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
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INSIDE GEOWRITE – 6: LOCALIZATION 2020-09-242020-09-09 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses what was required for the German localization. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
1 Comment
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 5: COPY PROTECTION 2020-09-242020-09-06 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses the geoWrite copy protection. readmore
Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, Floppy Disks
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
2 Comments
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 4: ZERO PAGE 2020-09-242020-09-04 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses how it makes maximum use of the scarce zero page space. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
2 Comments
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 3: FONT MANAGEMENT 2020-09-242020-09-04 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses the font manager’s system of caches for pixel fonts. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
, Uncategorized
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INSIDE GEOWRITE – 2: SCREEN RECOVERY 2020-09-242020-09-02 by MichaelSteil
In the series about the internals of the geoWrite WYSIWYG text editor for the C64, this article discusses how the app manages to extend its usable RAM by 5 KB using a custom screen recovery solution. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
1 Comment
INSIDE GEOWRITE – 1: THE OVERLAY SYSTEM 2020-09-242020-09-01 by MichaelSteil
geoWrite is a WYSIWYG rich text editor for the Commodore 64 GEOS operating system, which runs with a total of just 64 KB of RAM. In the series about the internals of geoWrite, this article discusses how it manages to fit 52 KB of code into the available 23 KB of applicationRAM. read more
Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, GEOS
, Operating Systems
5 Comments
CMDR-DOS: COMMODORE DOS ON FAT32 2020-08-22 by Michael Steil All disk drives connected to the Serial Bus of a Commodore 64 speak the Commodore DOS protocol, from the popular 1541 5.25″ drive to the modern sd2iec SD card interfaces. CMDR-DOS is a new and open source implementation of the Commodore DOS protocol, using SD cards with the FAT32 filesystem and supporting advances features like partitions, subdirectories and timestamps – and running on a 65c02!read more
Categories 6502 , Commodore , Commodore Peripheral Bus, DOS
, GitHub
, KERNAL
, Operating Systems
, X16
3 Comments
FAT32 FILESYSTEM FOR THE 65C02 2020-08-222020-08-21 by MichaelSteil
We are presenting the (to our knowledge) first full-featured open source library for 65c02 CPUs for accessing FAT32 formatted disks.read more
Categories 6502 , Commodore, DOS
, Floppy Disks
, GitHub
, Operating Systems
, X16
6 Comments
BUILDING THE TYNEMOUTH MINI PET 2020-07-05 by Michael Steil Tynemouth Mini PET at FTW8b.com Categories 6502 , Commodore, Hardware
, PET
, Teardown
2 Comments
ULTIMATE COMMODORE CHARSET / PETSCII / KEYBOARD REFERENCE 2020-06-092020-06-09 by MichaelSteil
Another addition to the _The Ultimate C64 Reference_: We’re adding character sets, PETSCII codes and keyboard layouts – supporting eight different Commodore computers. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, KERNAL
, PET
, TED
, VIC-20
3 Comments
ULTIMATE C64 KERNAL API REFERENCE 2020-06-03 by Michael Steil The Ultimate C64 Reference is growing again: This time, we’re adding the KERNAL API reference – as always, in ELEVEN different versions side-by-side. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, BASIC
, C64
, Commodore
, KERNAL
3 Comments
ULTIMATE C64 MEMORY MAP 2020-05-152020-05-15 by MichaelSteil
The system software of the Commodore 64 has been extensively reverse-engineered. Next to disassembliesof the ROM, several
“memory maps” have been published: tables that document system variables in the first kilobyte of RAM, and how to tweak the system software with PEEK and POKE. Now, I’m presenting the Ultimate C64 Memory Map : A C64 memory reference that shows eight sources side-by-side. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, BASIC
, C64
, Commodore
, GitHub
, KERNAL
7 Comments
TYPOS IN THE C64 PROGRAMMER’S REFERENCE GUIDE: C3PO OR C3P0? 2020-05-112020-05-10 by MichaelSteil
The Commodore 64 Programmer’s Reference Guidecontains a memory
map with a complete description of the zeropage and system variables used by KERNAL and BASIC, but now that we have the original source , we know there are three typos in this table. read more Categories 6502 , Archeology, C64
, Commodore
, KERNAL
3 Comments
DUMPING MINIDISC MEDIA 2020-03-27 by Michael Steil If you have music on a collection of MiniDisc media and want to finally copy the data off onto modern media (or the cloud!), here are simple instructions for some different solutions: read more Categories Archeology , FloppyDisks , Hacks
, Hardware
6 Comments
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