ENCYCLOPEDIA

� 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876. Fair Use & Copyright Contact Us Contact

Us

BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. CRAVEN COUNTY (1705) One of the most important early colonial counties of North Carolina, Craven County was established in 1712, and its county seat, New Bern, served as the colonial capital until 1788. The Tryon Palace Historic Site remains a popular tourist attraction in Craven County, and New Bern was the site of the first Pepsi-Cola drink ever made. Craven County was the site of the state’s first newspaper MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SOUL CITY - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Soul City was a failed attempt to build a majority black community in the heart of rural North Carolina. Conceived by civil rights leader Floyd B. McKissick, Soul City began with high expectations but ended

in

DREXEL FURNITURE COMPANY Drexel Furniture Company was established on November 10, 1903 in Drexel, North Carolina. Although Samuel Huffman managed the enterprise, he and five other men founded the business with an investment of $14,000. By 1935, Sam Huffman died, and his son Robert O. Huffman became president. The younger Huffman made several changes

in operations

PERQUIMANS COUNTY (1668) “The land of beautiful women,” Perquimans County was once home to the Yeopim and Weapemeoc. During the early colonial era, several rebellions occurred in the county despite the large Quaker presence within the region. Established in 1668, Perquimans is home to the oldest colonial structure in North Carolina, and its seat of government is Hertford.

ENCYCLOPEDIA

� 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876. Fair Use & Copyright Contact Us Contact

Us

BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. CRAVEN COUNTY (1705) One of the most important early colonial counties of North Carolina, Craven County was established in 1712, and its county seat, New Bern, served as the colonial capital until 1788. The Tryon Palace Historic Site remains a popular tourist attraction in Craven County, and New Bern was the site of the first Pepsi-Cola drink ever made. Craven County was the site of the state’s first newspaper MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SOUL CITY - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Soul City was a failed attempt to build a majority black community in the heart of rural North Carolina. Conceived by civil rights leader Floyd B. McKissick, Soul City began with high expectations but ended

in

DREXEL FURNITURE COMPANY Drexel Furniture Company was established on November 10, 1903 in Drexel, North Carolina. Although Samuel Huffman managed the enterprise, he and five other men founded the business with an investment of $14,000. By 1935, Sam Huffman died, and his son Robert O. Huffman became president. The younger Huffman made several changes

in operations

PERQUIMANS COUNTY (1668) “The land of beautiful women,” Perquimans County was once home to the Yeopim and Weapemeoc. During the early colonial era, several rebellions occurred in the county despite the large Quaker presence within the region. Established in 1668, Perquimans is home to the oldest colonial structure in North Carolina, and its seat of government is Hertford. SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

SAPONI INDIANS

The Saponi Indian tribe is an eastern Siouan language tribe with ancestral land located in Virginia and North Carolina. The Occaneechi Band of the Saponi and the Haliwa Saponi are recognized by the state of North Carolina. The Saponi traveled in small tight knight communities and were avid corn farmers and hunters.

THE TUSCARORA

The Tuscarora, one of the most prominent tribes of eastern North Carolina at the time of European settlement, were a well-developed tribe that spoke a derivative of the Iroquoian language. The tribe established communities on the Roanoke, Tar, and Neuse Rivers, growing crops such as corn, picked berries and nuts. They also hunted big game such as deer and bears. SECESSION - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Sources. Kemp P. Battle, “The Secession Convention of 1861,” North Carolina Booklet (Raleigh, 1916); James H. Boykin, North Carolina in 1861 (New York, 1961); Daniel W. Crofts, Reluctant Confederates: Upper South Unionists in the Secession Crisis (Chapel Hill, 1989); William C. Harris, North Carolina and the Coming of the Civil War (Raleigh, 1988); Hugh T. Lefler, North Carolina History

THE SPANISH

During the Spanish-American War (1898), North Carolina provided three infantry regiments named simply the First, Second, and Third Volunteer Infantry Regiment(s). All of these were state militia regiments. The First was the only one to see action in Cuba; the Second disbanded after a short-lived yet infamous term of service in the States, and the Third, an African American regiment MARRIAGE, HISTORY OF Marriage, History of. The 1669 act was an early regulation of marriage in Carolina. The statute was enacted by the Lords Proprietors, who governed according to the Charter of 1663 (above). image courtesy of the North Carolina Office of Archives and History, Raleigh, NC. Since the earliest English settlers arrived in Carolina, government

TUSCARORA WAR

Tuscarora War. Written by North Carolina History Project. What is now Carteret, Pamlico, Craven, Lenoir, Jones, Beaufort, and Pitt Counties was a terrifying place to live from 1711 to 1713. North Carolinians and the Yamasee waged war against the Tuscarora. Many colonists’ settlements were burned and the Tuscarora ax indiscriminately fell

upon

FORT YORK - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT A little known Confederate fort that was built in anticipation of Union General George Stoneman’s Raid into Piedmont North Carolina and to protect the North Carolina Railroad Bridge, Fort York is now located adjacent to I-85 in Davidson County and across the Yadkin River from Rowan County.. Although historians disagree whether the earthworks began being laid in late 1864 or in early 1865, a

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties. CENTRAL ORPHANAGE OF NORTH CAROLINA Segregated orphanages in North Carolina necessitated the creation of an orphanage for dependent and neglected African American children. An idea for such an orphanage in Henderson, North Carolina was born, when Rev. Augustus Shepard, father of James Shepard the founder of North Carolina Central University, felt burdened when observing the squalid,living conditions of homeless African

ENCYCLOPEDIA

� 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876. Fair Use & Copyright Contact Us Contact

Us

BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is CRAVEN COUNTY (1705) One of the most important early colonial counties of North Carolina, Craven County was established in 1712, and its county seat, New Bern, served as the colonial capital until 1788. The Tryon Palace Historic Site remains a popular tourist attraction in Craven County, and New Bern was the site of the first Pepsi-Cola drink ever made. Craven County was the site of the state’s first newspaper SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SOUL CITY - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Soul City was a failed attempt to build a majority black community in the heart of rural North Carolina. Conceived by civil rights leader Floyd B. McKissick, Soul City began with high expectations but ended

in

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties. DAVID “CARBINE” WILLIAMS (1900 David “Carbine” Williams (1900 – 1975) Born in the small town of Godwin ( Cumberland County) in 1900, David Marshall “Carbine” Williams was the creator of the M-1 Carbine, the U.S. Army’s favorite semi-automatic rifle during World War II. General Douglas MacArthur praised the M-1 Carbine as “one of the strongest

contributing

ENCYCLOPEDIA

� 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876. Fair Use & Copyright Contact Us Contact

Us

BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is CRAVEN COUNTY (1705) One of the most important early colonial counties of North Carolina, Craven County was established in 1712, and its county seat, New Bern, served as the colonial capital until 1788. The Tryon Palace Historic Site remains a popular tourist attraction in Craven County, and New Bern was the site of the first Pepsi-Cola drink ever made. Craven County was the site of the state’s first newspaper SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SOUL CITY - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Soul City was a failed attempt to build a majority black community in the heart of rural North Carolina. Conceived by civil rights leader Floyd B. McKissick, Soul City began with high expectations but ended

in

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties. DAVID “CARBINE” WILLIAMS (1900 David “Carbine” Williams (1900 – 1975) Born in the small town of Godwin ( Cumberland County) in 1900, David Marshall “Carbine” Williams was the creator of the M-1 Carbine, the U.S. Army’s favorite semi-automatic rifle during World War II. General Douglas MacArthur praised the M-1 Carbine as “one of the strongest

contributing

SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

SAPONI INDIANS

The Saponi Indian tribe is an eastern Siouan language tribe with ancestral land located in Virginia and North Carolina. The Occaneechi Band of the Saponi and the Haliwa Saponi are recognized by the state of North Carolina. The Saponi traveled in small tight knight communities and were avid corn farmers and hunters.

HISTORIC BATH

Historic Bath. Written by North Carolina History Project. The first settlers were French Protestants from Virginia. Among early inhabitants were John Lawson, surveyor general of the colony and author of the first history of Carolina (1709), and Christopher Gale, first chief justice of the colony. By 1708, Bath consisted of 12

houses and about

SECESSION - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT Sources. Kemp P. Battle, “The Secession Convention of 1861,” North Carolina Booklet (Raleigh, 1916); James H. Boykin, North Carolina in 1861 (New York, 1961); Daniel W. Crofts, Reluctant Confederates: Upper South Unionists in the Secession Crisis (Chapel Hill, 1989); William C. Harris, North Carolina and the Coming of the Civil War (Raleigh, 1988); Hugh T. Lefler, North Carolina History MARRIAGE, HISTORY OF Marriage, History of. The 1669 act was an early regulation of marriage in Carolina. The statute was enacted by the Lords Proprietors, who governed according to the Charter of 1663 (above). image courtesy of the North Carolina Office of Archives and History, Raleigh, NC. Since the earliest English settlers arrived in Carolina, government

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties.

MACON COUNTY (1828)

A place of natural beauty and allure, Macon County is an attractive destination for naturalists and gem enthusiasts. At one time, it was home to the Middle Cherokee. The towns of Cowee and Nikwasi were once important communities for Native Americans, and the Nikwasi Indian Mound remains in the county. Established in 1828, Macon County’s seat of government is Franklin, and the Nantahala FORT YORK - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT A little known Confederate fort that was built in anticipation of Union General George Stoneman’s Raid into Piedmont North Carolina and to protect the North Carolina Railroad Bridge, Fort York is now located adjacent to I-85 in Davidson County and across the Yadkin River from Rowan County.. Although historians disagree whether the earthworks began being laid in late 1864 or in early 1865, a DREXEL FURNITURE COMPANY Drexel Furniture Company was established on November 10, 1903 in Drexel, North Carolina. Although Samuel Huffman managed the enterprise, he and five other men founded the business with an investment of $14,000. By 1935, Sam Huffman died, and his son Robert O. Huffman became president. The younger Huffman made several changes

in operations

CENTRAL ORPHANAGE OF NORTH CAROLINA Segregated orphanages in North Carolina necessitated the creation of an orphanage for dependent and neglected African American children. An idea for such an orphanage in Henderson, North Carolina was born, when Rev. Augustus Shepard, father of James Shepard the founder of North Carolina Central University, felt burdened when observing the squalid,living conditions of homeless African SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

HIGHLAND SCOTS

Countless Highland Scots migrated to North Carolina during the colonial period and lived primarily in the Upper Cape Fear region during the late 1770s. Immediately the Highland Scots contributed to some of the greatest events in the state's history. As evidenced by the modern-day Highland Games, these Scots and their families migrated to other parts of the state, where aspects of their culture BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is FOREST CITY LYNCHING Forest City Lynching. The end of slavery in North Carolina did little to ease racial tensions. The struggle between slaves and plantation owners was replaced by the conflict between black sharecroppers and wealthy white farmers. Occasionally this struggle erupted into open violence, as in the 1900 lynching of Avery Mills in Rutherford, North

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties. FORT YORK - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT A little known Confederate fort that was built in anticipation of Union General George Stoneman’s Raid into Piedmont North Carolina and to protect the North Carolina Railroad Bridge, Fort York is now located adjacent to I-85 in Davidson County and across the Yadkin River from Rowan County.. Although historians disagree whether the earthworks began being laid in late 1864 or in early 1865, a MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. PALMER MEMORIAL INSTITUTE Nineteen-year old Charlotte Hawkins Brown, an African American educator, started the Palmer Memorial Institute in Sedalia, North Carolina in 1902 to educate elementary and high school students in rural North Carolina. Named after Brown’s benefactor and friend, Alice Freedman Palmer, the Institute began in an old blacksmith shed. SHELTON LAUREL MASSACRE Shelton Laurel Massacre. Written by North Carolina History Project. Not the only incident in the turbulent wartime mountains, the Shelton Laurel Massacre of Madison County proved, writes historians John Inscoe and Gordon McKinney, that “guerrilla warfare blurred the lines between combatants and noncombatants and obscured the rules of

war.”.

HIGHLAND SCOTS

Countless Highland Scots migrated to North Carolina during the colonial period and lived primarily in the Upper Cape Fear region during the late 1770s. Immediately the Highland Scots contributed to some of the greatest events in the state's history. As evidenced by the modern-day Highland Games, these Scots and their families migrated to other parts of the state, where aspects of their culture BATTLE OF FORKS ROAD Battle of Forks Road. Written by North Carolina History Project. Subsequent to the fall of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, Northern forces began a cautious advance on the city of Wilmington from both sides of the Cape Fear River. After the evacuation of Fort Anderson on the west side of the river on February 19 by his subordinate,

Brigadier

DAVIDSON COUNTY (1822) Established in 1822, Davidson County is a central, Piedmont county in North Carolina. Davidson County has a rich history that dates back to the colonial era and is known for its furniture industries. More than a few boast about the area’s distinct barbecue style that is FOREST CITY LYNCHING Forest City Lynching. The end of slavery in North Carolina did little to ease racial tensions. The struggle between slaves and plantation owners was replaced by the conflict between black sharecroppers and wealthy white farmers. Occasionally this struggle erupted into open violence, as in the 1900 lynching of Avery Mills in Rutherford, North

CROSS CREEK

The second largest Cape Fear River town during the eighteenth century, Cross Creek was formed in 1756, was combined with Campbelltown in 1778, and was later named Fayetteville in 1783. During the Revolutionary War, the town was a hotbed of wartime activity and a home of divided loyalties. FORT YORK - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT A little known Confederate fort that was built in anticipation of Union General George Stoneman’s Raid into Piedmont North Carolina and to protect the North Carolina Railroad Bridge, Fort York is now located adjacent to I-85 in Davidson County and across the Yadkin River from Rowan County.. Although historians disagree whether the earthworks began being laid in late 1864 or in early 1865, a MARTIN COUNTY (1774) The Tuscarora dwelled in present-day Martin County before the first English colonists settled the region in the early 1770s. The natives called the land “Squhawky” but after the county’s incorporation and the establishment of Williamston (the county’s seat), the county became known as “Tar Landing.” Due to its location in the Roanoke River, Williamston served as an important SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. PALMER MEMORIAL INSTITUTE Nineteen-year old Charlotte Hawkins Brown, an African American educator, started the Palmer Memorial Institute in Sedalia, North Carolina in 1902 to educate elementary and high school students in rural North Carolina. Named after Brown’s benefactor and friend, Alice Freedman Palmer, the Institute began in an old blacksmith shed. PALMER MEMORIAL INSTITUTE Nineteen-year old Charlotte Hawkins Brown, an African American educator, started the Palmer Memorial Institute in Sedalia, North Carolina in 1902 to educate elementary and high school students in rural North Carolina. Named after Brown’s benefactor and friend, Alice Freedman Palmer, the Institute began in an old blacksmith shed. FOREST CITY LYNCHING Forest City Lynching. The end of slavery in North Carolina did little to ease racial tensions. The struggle between slaves and plantation owners was replaced by the conflict between black sharecroppers and wealthy white farmers. Occasionally this struggle erupted into open violence, as in the 1900 lynching of Avery Mills in Rutherford, North SALISBURY PRISON (CIVIL WAR) Operating from July 1861 until February 1865, the Confederate Prison at Salisbury held nearly 10,000 Union soldiers during the Civil War. The prison was the only one of its kind in North Carolina, and overcrowding and poor prison conditions led to the deaths of many Union prisoners of war. Today, the Salisbury National Cemetery honors those who died at the prison garrison. FORT YORK - NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT A little known Confederate fort that was built in anticipation of Union General George Stoneman’s Raid into Piedmont North Carolina and to protect the North Carolina Railroad Bridge, Fort York is now located adjacent to I-85 in Davidson County and across the Yadkin River from Rowan County.. Although historians disagree whether the earthworks began being laid in late 1864 or in early 1865, a CRAVEN COUNTY (1705) One of the most important early colonial counties of North Carolina, Craven County was established in 1712, and its county seat, New Bern, served as the colonial capital until 1788. The Tryon Palace Historic Site remains a popular tourist attraction in Craven County, and New Bern was the site of the first Pepsi-Cola drink ever made. Craven County was the site of the state’s first newspaper ROCKINGHAM COUNTY (1785) Rockingham County (1785) Written by North Carolina History Project. Formed out of Guilford County in 1785, Rockingham County was initially inhabited by the Cheraw Indians and later by the English, Germans, and Scotch-Irish. Its current population is approximately 92,000. Although not the county’s largest town, Wentworth serves as the county seat. SIMKINS V. CONE (1963) In Simkins v. Cone (1963), the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals decided that two Greensboro hospitals had discriminated against African American doctors and patients. Before the case, most North Carolina hospitals were segregated, and those designated solely for black patients offered only sub-optimal healthcare. The U.S. Supreme Court refused to hear the case, and Simkins became the first DAVID “CARBINE” WILLIAMS (1900 David “Carbine” Williams (1900 – 1975) Born in the small town of Godwin ( Cumberland County) in 1900, David Marshall “Carbine” Williams was the creator of the M-1 Carbine, the U.S. Army’s favorite semi-automatic rifle during World War II. General Douglas MacArthur praised the M-1 Carbine as “one of the strongest

contributing

A NEW LIGHT "INFESTATION": CHARLES WOODMASON ON COLONIAL Sources. Richard J. Hoooker, ed., The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of Revolution: The Journal and Other Writings of Charles Woodmason, Anglican Itinerant (Chapel Hill, 1953); Marjoleine Kars, Breaking Loose Together: The Regulator Rebellion in Pre-Revolutionary North Carolina (Chapel Hill, 2003); William S. Powell, et. al. eds., Regulators in North Carolina: A Documentary History, 1759-1776 HILLSBOROUGH CONFRONTATION (1768) Hillsborough Confrontation (1768) Eventually, Gov. Tryon would use the colonial militia to put down the Regulator movement. Image courtesy of the North Carolina Office of Archives and History, Raleigh, NC. Edmund Fanning, Regulator foe, served as register of deeds, superior court judge, and colonel of the Orange County militia.

* __ About

* __ Encyclopedia

* __ Commentary

* __ Search

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

NORTH CAROLINA HISTORY PROJECT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE OLD NORTH STATE

Search

FEATURED ARTICLES

A PUBLISHER'S CONFESSION Written by Walter Hines Page in 1905, A Publisher's Confession details the faults and errors of his literary peers. Writing anonymously, Hines was able to disclose his personal views of publishers. ... ALFRED MOORE SCALES (1827-1889) Alfred Moore Scales was born on November 26, 1827 in Rockingham County on his family’s plantation, Ingleside. Caldwell first studied at the Caldwell Institute in Greensboro before transferring to the University of North Carolina in 1845. Scales ...

LATEST ARTICLES

HOW NORTH CAROLINA CAME TO BE SHAPED LIKE IT IS TODAY When did North Carolina become known as North Carolina and acquire its

modern shape? ...

NC SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE North Carolina played an important role in the beginning of the United

States. ...

TIMELINE

* 1585-1663

* 1664-1775

* 1776-1835

* 1836-1865

* 1866-1915

* 1916-1945

* 1946-1990

* 1990-present

* Pre-1585

SUBJECT

* African American

* Benevolent Work

* Business and Industry

* Churches

* Cities

* Civil Rights Movement

* Civil War

* Colleges and Universities * Colonial North Carolina

* Counties

* Early America

* Education

* Entrepreneurship

* Federalist

* Fusion Politics

* Governors

* Jeffersonians

* Modern Era

* New Deal/ Great Depression

* Places

* Political Documents

* Political History

* Primary Documents

* Progressive Era

* Ratification Debates

* Religion

* Revolution Era

* Sports and Entertainment

* Transportation

* Women

REGION

* Coastal Plain

* Mountains

* Piedmont Plateau

* Statewide

� 2016 John Locke Foundation | 200 West Morgan St., Raleigh, NC 27601, Voice: (919) 828-3876 Fair Use & Copyright

Contact Us