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For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and isSUBMISSIONS
30 YEARS OF WORLD POLITICS: WHAT HAS CHANGED? The pages of the Journal have reflected this shift, going from cautious optimism to a focus on the different routes to democratic transition, to skepticism about whether “transition” was an adequate concept to capture what was happening, and then to a far more defensive concern with new and emerging threats to democracy.In recent years, this analysis has gingerly begun to include the WHY THE FUTURE IS DEMOCRATIC The reason why democracy is so tightly tied to the mass-level enabling conditions generated by modernization is simple: Democracy is a demanding system that requires of its citizens certain cultural qualities. People need to endorse the values that safeguard the THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT IS “SHARP POWER”? What Is “Sharp Power”? Today’s authoritarian states—notably including China and Russia—are using “sharp power” to project their influence internationally, with the objectives of limiting free expression, spreading confusion, and distorting the political environment within democracies. Sharp power is an approach tointernational
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and isSUBMISSIONS
30 YEARS OF WORLD POLITICS: WHAT HAS CHANGED? The pages of the Journal have reflected this shift, going from cautious optimism to a focus on the different routes to democratic transition, to skepticism about whether “transition” was an adequate concept to capture what was happening, and then to a far more defensive concern with new and emerging threats to democracy.In recent years, this analysis has gingerly begun to include the WHY THE FUTURE IS DEMOCRATIC The reason why democracy is so tightly tied to the mass-level enabling conditions generated by modernization is simple: Democracy is a demanding system that requires of its citizens certain cultural qualities. People need to endorse the values that safeguard the THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT IS “SHARP POWER”? What Is “Sharp Power”? Today’s authoritarian states—notably including China and Russia—are using “sharp power” to project their influence internationally, with the objectives of limiting free expression, spreading confusion, and distorting the political environment within democracies. Sharp power is an approach tointernational
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
ISSUE: JANUARY 2021
Mainstream Parties in Crisis: Overcoming Polarization. Jennifer McCoy. Murat Somer. Around the world, polarizing political strategies are pushing societies into a vicious cycle of zero-sum politics and eroding democratic norms. If democracies are to escape this trap, wise choices and innovation by prodemocratic politicians will be needed. THE QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY: AN OVERVIEW The Quality of Democracy: An Overview. As democracy has spread to a majority of the world’s states over the past three decades, many scholars, politicians, activists, and aid administrators have gone from asking why transitions happen to asking what the new regimes are like. This new approach focuses on what makes a democracy “good”or
WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. WHAT IS “SHARP POWER”? What Is “Sharp Power”? Today’s authoritarian states—notably including China and Russia—are using “sharp power” to project their influence internationally, with the objectives of limiting free expression, spreading confusion, and distorting the political environment within democracies. Sharp power is an approach tointernational
THE ROAD TO DIGITAL UNFREEDOM: HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The Internet, mobile phones, and other forms of “liberation technology” enable citizens to express opinions, mobilize protests, and expand the horizons of freedom. HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy. Concerned by illiberalism and conflict in new democracies, some analysts advocate democratic sequencing—putting off democracy until the rule of law and a well-functioning state are in place. Such a view overestimates the willingness and capability of autocrats to build a strongfoundation
STRONGER LEGISLATURES, STRONGER DEMOCRACIES Stronger Legislatures, Stronger Democracies. In order to assess the real impact of different governmental arrangements on democratization, we must penetrate beyond general categories for classifying constitutional systems and measure the power of specific institutions. This essay presents a new instrument for measuring the powers ofnational
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by THE SIGNS OF DECONSOLIDATION The Signs of Deconsolidation. In recent years, parties and candidates challenging key democratic norms have won unprecedented popular support in liberal democracies across the globe. Drawing on public opinion data from the World Values Survey and various national polls, we show that the success of anti-establishment parties and candidatesis
THE REAL LESSONS OF THE INTERWAR YEARS However, the real lesson of the interwar period is that even crises as devastating as the Great Depression and the political success of totalitarian movements did little to undermine the stability of established democratic systems. Only in new and fragile democracies did the economic, political, and social dislocations of the 1920s and1930s
JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is HOW PEOPLE VIEW DEMOCRACY “How People View Democracy is a scholarly and unbiased look at the power of the vote in today’s world.”—Midwest Book Review. This volume gathers essays by leading scholars and principals of regional public-opinion surveys, known as “barometers,” which are making possible the first systematic, worldwide study of how citizens think about democracy and weigh it against other forms of THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the FACING UP TO THE DEMOCRATIC RECESSION Facing Up to the Democratic Recession. Democracy has been in a global recession for most of the last decade. Yet the picture is not entirely bleak. We have not seen “a third reverse wave.”. The key imperative in the near term is to work to reform and consolidate the democracies that have emerged during the third wave—the majority ofwhich
PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
WORLD RELIGIONS AND DEMOCRACY: HINDUISM AND SELF-RULE World Religions and Democracy: Hinduism and Self-Rule. This article explores the complicated relationship between Hinduism and Democracy. It argues that modern Hinduism proved receptive to democratic ideals because democracy provided one plausible solution to the riddle of authority that beset Hinduism in the course of attempts to reform it. RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
FACING UP TO THE DEMOCRATIC RECESSION Facing Up to the Democratic recession Larry Diamond Larry Diamond is founding coeditor of the Journal of Democracy, se- nior fellow at the Hoover Institution and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University, and director of Stan- JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is HOW PEOPLE VIEW DEMOCRACY “How People View Democracy is a scholarly and unbiased look at the power of the vote in today’s world.”—Midwest Book Review. This volume gathers essays by leading scholars and principals of regional public-opinion surveys, known as “barometers,” which are making possible the first systematic, worldwide study of how citizens think about democracy and weigh it against other forms of THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the FACING UP TO THE DEMOCRATIC RECESSION Facing Up to the Democratic Recession. Democracy has been in a global recession for most of the last decade. Yet the picture is not entirely bleak. We have not seen “a third reverse wave.”. The key imperative in the near term is to work to reform and consolidate the democracies that have emerged during the third wave—the majority ofwhich
PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
WORLD RELIGIONS AND DEMOCRACY: HINDUISM AND SELF-RULE World Religions and Democracy: Hinduism and Self-Rule. This article explores the complicated relationship between Hinduism and Democracy. It argues that modern Hinduism proved receptive to democratic ideals because democracy provided one plausible solution to the riddle of authority that beset Hinduism in the course of attempts to reform it. RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
FACING UP TO THE DEMOCRATIC RECESSION Facing Up to the Democratic recession Larry Diamond Larry Diamond is founding coeditor of the Journal of Democracy, se- nior fellow at the Hoover Institution and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University, and director of Stan- HOW PEOPLE VIEW DEMOCRACY “How People View Democracy is a scholarly and unbiased look at the power of the vote in today’s world.”—Midwest Book Review. This volume gathers essays by leading scholars and principals of regional public-opinion surveys, known as “barometers,” which are making possible the first systematic, worldwide study of how citizens think about democracy and weigh it against other forms ofISSUE: JANUARY 2021
Mainstream Parties in Crisis: Overcoming Polarization. Jennifer McCoy. Murat Somer. Around the world, polarizing political strategies are pushing societies into a vicious cycle of zero-sum politics and eroding democratic norms. If democracies are to escape this trap, wise choices and innovation by prodemocratic politicians will be needed. WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. FEDERALISM AND DEMOCRACY: BEYOND THE U.S. MODEL Published by the National Endowment for Democracy By the Johns HopkinsUniversity Press
WORLD RELIGIONS AND DEMOCRACY: HINDUISM AND SELF-RULE World Religions and Democracy: Hinduism and Self-Rule. This article explores the complicated relationship between Hinduism and Democracy. It argues that modern Hinduism proved receptive to democratic ideals because democracy provided one plausible solution to the riddle of authority that beset Hinduism in the course of attempts to reform it. WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by WHAT IS “SHARP POWER”? What Is “Sharp Power”? Today’s authoritarian states—notably including China and Russia—are using “sharp power” to project their influence internationally, with the objectives of limiting free expression, spreading confusion, and distorting the political environment within democracies. Sharp power is an approach tointernational
THE END OF HISTORY REVISITED The End of History Revisited. Until a few years ago, many argued that liberal democracy was the most just and attractive political regime. The most prominent manifestation of this optimism was Francis Fukuyama’s thesis of the “end of history.”. POLARIZATION VERSUS DEMOCRACY An answer to this question is key to understanding the most prominent development in the dynamic of democratic survival since the end of the Cold War: the subversion of democracy by elected incumbents and its emergence as the most common form of democratic breakdown. This article proposes an explanation according to which politicalpolarization
AUTHOR: FRANCIS FUKUYAMA Making the Internet Safe for Democracy. Francis Fukuyama. The outsized power of large internet platforms to amplify or silence certain voices poses a grave threat to democracy. Finding a reliable way to dilute that power offers the best possible solution. July 1997, Volume 8,Issue 3.
JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitution writers in ethnically or otherwise divided countries should focus on designing a system of power-sharing rules and institutions. Studies by political scientists point to a set of basic WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? Why do democracies survive or fail? An empirical study of Latin America finds that the fate of democracies depends largely on the regional political context, as well as the level HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY Many critics of democracy promotion assert that the rule of law and a well-functioning state should be in place before a society democratizes, but this strategy of "sequencing" is based on a set of WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by THE PERILS OF PRESIDENTIALISM In 2016, established democracies figured prominently on the list of countries experiencing declines in freedom, while emboldened autocracies stepped up their repression at home and interferenceabroad.
PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM The Communist Party’s adaptation to China’s new social elites will lead to a democratic transition only, if at all, at the expense ofregime continuity.
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in youngdemocracies.
RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda under Paul Kagame has been hailed for its visionary leadership, economic progress, and reforms in education, health, and agriculture. Yet the regime’s autocratic rule, human-rights abuses FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY Once hailed as a megaphone for marginalized voices and an enabler of free discourse generally, social media now appear to have problematic consequences in both authoritarian and democratic regimes. JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitution writers in ethnically or otherwise divided countries should focus on designing a system of power-sharing rules and institutions. Studies by political scientists point to a set of basic WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? Why do democracies survive or fail? An empirical study of Latin America finds that the fate of democracies depends largely on the regional political context, as well as the level HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY Many critics of democracy promotion assert that the rule of law and a well-functioning state should be in place before a society democratizes, but this strategy of "sequencing" is based on a set of WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by THE PERILS OF PRESIDENTIALISM In 2016, established democracies figured prominently on the list of countries experiencing declines in freedom, while emboldened autocracies stepped up their repression at home and interferenceabroad.
PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM The Communist Party’s adaptation to China’s new social elites will lead to a democratic transition only, if at all, at the expense ofregime continuity.
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in youngdemocracies.
RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda under Paul Kagame has been hailed for its visionary leadership, economic progress, and reforms in education, health, and agriculture. Yet the regime’s autocratic rule, human-rights abuses FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY Once hailed as a megaphone for marginalized voices and an enabler of free discourse generally, social media now appear to have problematic consequences in both authoritarian and democratic regimes. POLITICAL PARTIES AND DEMOCRACY Political parties are one of the core institutions of democracy. But in democracies around the world—rich and poor, Western and non-Western—there is growing evidence of THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM Like the “transition paradigm” before it, the concept of democratic backsliding threatens to flatten our perceptions of complex political realities. Examples from East-Central Europe illustrate the FEDERALISM AND DEMOCRACY: BEYOND THE U.S. MODEL Published by the National Endowment for Democracy By the Johns HopkinsUniversity Press
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in youngdemocracies.
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by CANDIDATE SELECTION: THE CHOICE BEFORE THE CHOICE The article provides an overview of intra-party candidate selection methods. It explains the significance of candidate selection and presents two main elements that distinguish between candidate selection methods: the inclusiveness of the selectorate and the level of their centralization. WORLD RELIGIONS AND DEMOCRACY: HINDUISM AND SELF-RULE This article explores the complicated relationship between Hinduism and Democracy. It argues that modern Hinduism proved receptive to democratic ideals because democracy provided one plausible solution to the riddle of authority that beset Hinduism in the course of attemptsto reform it.
THE ROAD TO DIGITAL UNFREEDOM: HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The encrypted messaging service WhatsApp has become an increasingly important tool for “fake news” in Nigeria, while weakening government control of information and WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. HUNGARY’S ILLIBERAL TURN: HOW THINGS WENT WRONG Students of the Central and Eastern Europe long saw Hungary as a leading post-1989 “success story”—both because the country’s exit from communism was smoothly negotiated and because it appeared to have consolidated its democracy so quickly. JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy. Concerned by illiberalism and conflict in new democracies, some analysts advocate democratic sequencing—putting off democracy until the rule of law and a well-functioning state are in place. Such a view overestimates the willingness and capability of autocrats to build a strongfoundation
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY From Liberation to Turmoil: Social Media and Democracy. How can one technology—social media—simultaneously give rise to hopes for liberation in authoritarian regimes, be used for repression by these same regimes, and be harnessed by antisystem actors in democracy? We present a simple framework for reconciling these contradictory RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy. Concerned by illiberalism and conflict in new democracies, some analysts advocate democratic sequencing—putting off democracy until the rule of law and a well-functioning state are in place. Such a view overestimates the willingness and capability of autocrats to build a strongfoundation
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY From Liberation to Turmoil: Social Media and Democracy. How can one technology—social media—simultaneously give rise to hopes for liberation in authoritarian regimes, be used for repression by these same regimes, and be harnessed by antisystem actors in democracy? We present a simple framework for reconciling these contradictory RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. POLITICAL PARTIES AND DEMOCRACY Political parties are one of the core institutions of democracy. But in democracies around the world—rich and poor, Western and non-Western—there is growing evidence of low or declining public confidence in parties. In membership, organization, and popular involvement and commitment, political parties are not what they usedto be.
THE GLOBAL RESURGENCE OF DEMOCRACY The Journal of Democracy is an effective tribune for mainstream U.S. thinking on these issues."—. Political Studies. In its first edition, The Global Resurgence of Democracy brought together essays on democratization written from 1989 to 1991 by internationally THE ROAD TO DIGITAL UNFREEDOM: HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The encrypted messaging service WhatsApp has become an increasingly important tool for “fake news” in Nigeria, while weakening government control of information and THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the FEDERALISM AND DEMOCRACY: BEYOND THE U.S. MODEL Published by the National Endowment for Democracy By the Johns HopkinsUniversity Press
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. TRACKING THE “ARAB SPRING”: WHY THE MODEST HARVEST Tracking the “Arab Spring”: Why the Modest Harvest? Popular uprisings have occurred only in some Arab states and in even fewer have authoritarian rulers been overthrown. What factors allow us to predict whether an authoritarian regime will be vulnerable? HUNGARY’S ILLIBERAL TURN: HOW THINGS WENT WRONG Hungary’s Illiberal Turn: How Things Went Wrong. Students of the Central and Eastern Europe long saw Hungary as a leading post-1989 “success story”—both because the country’s exit from communism was smoothly negotiated and because it appeared to have consolidated its democracy so quickly. JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy. Concerned by illiberalism and conflict in new democracies, some analysts advocate democratic sequencing—putting off democracy until the rule of law and a well-functioning state are in place. Such a view overestimates the willingness and capability of autocrats to build a strongfoundation
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY From Liberation to Turmoil: Social Media and Democracy. How can one technology—social media—simultaneously give rise to hopes for liberation in authoritarian regimes, be used for repression by these same regimes, and be harnessed by antisystem actors in democracy? We present a simple framework for reconciling these contradictory RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACYABOUTARTICLESBOOKSNEWS & FEATURESSUBSCRIBETABLESOF CONTENTS
For more than twenty years, the Journal of Democracy has been a leading voice in the conversation about government by consent and its place in the world. The Journal is published for the National Endowment for Democracy by the Johns Hopkins University Press and is CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN FOR DIVIDED SOCIETIES Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Scholarly experts can be more helpful to democratic constitution-writers in ethnically divided countries by formulating specific recommendations than by overwhelming them with a barrage of options. Especially the following deserve the highest priority and should be the points of departure in WHAT MAKES DEMOCRACIES ENDURE? What Makes Democracies Endure? Adam Przeworski. Michael Alvarez. José Antonio Cheibub. Fernando Limongi. Issue Date January 1996. Volume 7. Issue 1. Page Numbers 39-55. HOW DEMOCRACIES EMERGE: THE “SEQUENCING” FALLACY How Democracies Emerge: The “Sequencing” Fallacy. Concerned by illiberalism and conflict in new democracies, some analysts advocate democratic sequencing—putting off democracy until the rule of law and a well-functioning state are in place. Such a view overestimates the willingness and capability of autocrats to build a strongfoundation
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the PARADOXES OF THE NEW AUTHORITARIANISM Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism. In this article, which is adapted from the seventh annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on Democracy in the World, Ivan Krastev addresses three main questions: 1) Why are authoritarian regimes surviving in the age ofdemocratization?
FROM LIBERATION TO TURMOIL: SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY From Liberation to Turmoil: Social Media and Democracy. How can one technology—social media—simultaneously give rise to hopes for liberation in authoritarian regimes, be used for repression by these same regimes, and be harnessed by antisystem actors in democracy? We present a simple framework for reconciling these contradictory RWANDA: PROGRESS OR POWDER KEG? Rwanda: Progress or Powder Keg? While post-genocide Rwanda’s decent technocratic governance has led to strong economic recovery and good public service provision, its political governance is deeply flawed and may destroy these achievements. The ruling RPF has solidly established hegemony by eliminating the political opposition andautonomous
WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. POLITICAL PARTIES AND DEMOCRACY Political parties are one of the core institutions of democracy. But in democracies around the world—rich and poor, Western and non-Western—there is growing evidence of low or declining public confidence in parties. In membership, organization, and popular involvement and commitment, political parties are not what they usedto be.
THE GLOBAL RESURGENCE OF DEMOCRACY The Journal of Democracy is an effective tribune for mainstream U.S. thinking on these issues."—. Political Studies. In its first edition, The Global Resurgence of Democracy brought together essays on democratization written from 1989 to 1991 by internationally THE ROAD TO DIGITAL UNFREEDOM: HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The encrypted messaging service WhatsApp has become an increasingly important tool for “fake news” in Nigeria, while weakening government control of information and THE END OF THE BACKSLIDING PARADIGM The End of the Backsliding Paradigm. Debates about democratic decline are now dominated by the notion that many democracies might be undergoing a process described as democratic backsliding. While the concept can play its part, the emergence of a backsliding paradigm risks reproducing, in reverse, the intellectual constraints of thetransition
POVERTY, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY: WHY DEMOCRACIES FAIL Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy: Why Democracies Fail. Based on a new data set of democratizations occurring between 1960 and 2004, this paper explores the reasons for reversals in young democracies. Adverse initial conditions including poverty, inequality, and ethnic fragmentation are associated with the failure of democracy, but the FEDERALISM AND DEMOCRACY: BEYOND THE U.S. MODEL Published by the National Endowment for Democracy By the Johns HopkinsUniversity Press
WHY IS DEMOCRACY PERFORMING SO POORLY Twenty-five years after the founding of the Journal of Democracy, liberal democracy seems to be faltering in many parts of the world.The single factor linking many of these setbacks is the failure of state capacity to keep up with the demand for good government created by WHY DEMOCRACY NEEDS A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field. An uneven playing field is a central, yet underappreciated, component of contemporary authoritarianism. In many regimes, democratic competition is undermined less by fraud or repression than by unequal access to resources, media, and state institutions. TRACKING THE “ARAB SPRING”: WHY THE MODEST HARVEST Tracking the “Arab Spring”: Why the Modest Harvest? Popular uprisings have occurred only in some Arab states and in even fewer have authoritarian rulers been overthrown. What factors allow us to predict whether an authoritarian regime will be vulnerable? HUNGARY’S ILLIBERAL TURN: HOW THINGS WENT WRONG Hungary’s Illiberal Turn: How Things Went Wrong. Students of the Central and Eastern Europe long saw Hungary as a leading post-1989 “success story”—both because the country’s exit from communism was smoothly negotiated and because it appeared to have consolidated its democracy so quickly.menu close
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January 2020, Volume 31, Issue 1 _ 30 YEARS OF WORLD POLITICS: WHAT HAS CHANGED? _* Francis Fukuyama
Democracies are grappling with an era of transformation: Identity is increasingly replacing economics as the major axis of world politics. Technological change has deepened social fragmentation, and trust in institutions is falling. As our most basic assumptions come under question, can liberal democracy rebuild itself? January 2020, Volume 31, Issue 1 _ THE END OF HISTORY REVISITED _* Yascha Mounk
Is liberal democracy the endpoint of history? The ongoing democratic recession, growing disaffection among citizens, and rising populism pose new challenges to this view. Yet testing Francis Fukuyama’s much-criticized thesis requires us to consider not only liberal democracy’s internal contradictions, but also those of its authoritarian rivals. January 2020, Volume 31, Issue 1 _ IRANIANS TURN AWAY FROM THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC _* Ladan Boroumand
Iran is in the midst of an ideological crisis. Growing numbers of Iranians are rejecting the religious underpinnings of the Supreme Leader’s rule, and turning their backs on the Islamic Republic. The regime’s only response is harsher repression—a response that will deepen the anger that is bringing everyday Iranians out into thestreets.
_ ACCESS THE FULL _JOURNAL_ ARCHIVE AT PROJECT MUSE _ MORE FROM OUR JANUARY 2020 ISSUE ------------------------- View Table of Contents October 2019, Volume 30, Issue 4 SUDAN’S UPRISING: THE FALL OF A DICTATOR* Mai Hassan
* Ahmed Kodouda
Amid mass protests, the personalist autocracy of longtime Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir fell to an April 2019 coup. With the country now being governed by a council composed of both opposition leaders and powerful security- service coupmakers, prospects for democratization remain uncertain. July 2019, Volume 30, Issue 3 POLARIZATION VERSUS DEMOCRACY* Milan W. Svolik
Why do ordinary people vote to return to office undemocratic incumbents? New survey experiments in several countries suggest that many voters are willing to put their partisan interests above democratic principles—a finding that may be key to understanding democratic backsliding. April 2019, Volume 30, Issue 2 30 YEARS AFTER TIANANMEN: THE MEANING OF JUNE 4TH* Wang Dan
China’s 1989 democracy movement was brutally suppressed, but a former student leader argues that it also planted the seeds for the growth of Chinese civil society and for future democratization.Featured News
A CONVERSATION ON COMPETITIVE AUTHORITARIANISM _Journal of Democracy _editorial board co-chairs Lucan Wayand Steven
Levitsky
sat
down with the _Journal_‘s Brent Kallmer to discuss the new competitive authoritarianism that has emerged in some countries with relatively strong democratic traditions and institutions. Watch the Full InterviewIN THE NEWS
JANUARY 2020 ISSUE FEATURED IN THE _WALL STREET JOURNAL_January 2020
“To understand why liberal democracy is on the defensive,” writes William A. Galston, “there is no better place to start than the 30th-anniversary edition of the Journal of Democracy.” Read more in Galston’s full article on “Liberal Democracy’s Threats FromWithin
.”
------------------------- _JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY_ NAMES WILLIAM DOBSON AS CO-EDITORJanuary 2020
William (“Will”) Dobson, most recently chief international editor at NPR, has held senior editorial posts at _Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy_, and _Slate. _He is author of _The Dictator’s Learning Curve: Inside the Global Battle for Democracy _(2012). Read the fullpress release here
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MOST READ
30 YEARS OF WORLD POLITICS: WHAT HAS CHANGED?* Francis Fukuyama
Democracies are grappling with an era of transformation: Identity is increasingly replacing economics as the major axis of world politics. Technological change has deepened social fragmentation, and trust in institutions is falling. As our most basic assumptions come underquestion,…
FIGHTING TERRORISM: THE DEMOCRACY ADVANTAGE* Amichai Magen
Despite worries that terror groups can turn open societies’ very openness against them, the numbers reveal that liberal democracies enjoy significant advantages in resisting the threat of terrorism. BREAKING OUT OF THE DEMOCRATIC SLUMP* Larry Diamond
There is still an opportunity to pull the world out of its democratic slump. What is most needed is democratic conviction and resolve. THE POPULIST CHALLENGE TO LIBERAL DEMOCRACY * William A. Galston Across the West, economic, demographic, and cultural shifts have spurred the rise of populists who embrace majoritarianism and popular sovereignty while showing little commitment to constitutionalism andindividual liberty.
ILLIBERAL DEMOCRACY AND THE STRUGGLE ON THE RIGHT* Marc F. Plattner
At present, the key struggle for the future of liberal democracy appears as if it will be unfolding among parties and thinkers on theright.
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Subscribers and affiliates of participating institutions can access the _Journal’s _complete archives on Project Muse.Visit Archive
_Published By:_ John Hopkins University Press Our January 2019 issue, featuring a cluster on “The Road to Digital Unfreedom,” is currently available to all users free of charge.View Sample Issue
SUBSCRIBE AND VIEW THE FULL _JOURNAL_ AT PROJECT MUSE. Subscribe Project MUSEGet Issue Alerts
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