OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

MARRIAGES PER 1,000 PEOPLE Number of marriages in each year per 1,000 people in the population. Add country. More. 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2018 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Bangladesh Russia United States South Korea United Kingdom Belgium Panama Argentina Bolivia. 1920. 2018. chart. map. table. PESTICIDE USE PER HECTARE OF CROPLAND Pesticide use per hectare of cropland, 2017. Average pesticide application per unit of cropland, measured in kilograms per hectare. 0 No data 0 kg 0.25 kg 0.5 kg 1 kg 2.5 kg 5 kg 10 kg >20 kg. World. 1990. 2017. chart. map. table. IRELAND: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

MARRIAGES PER 1,000 PEOPLE Number of marriages in each year per 1,000 people in the population. Add country. More. 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2018 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Bangladesh Russia United States South Korea United Kingdom Belgium Panama Argentina Bolivia. 1920. 2018. chart. map. table. PESTICIDE USE PER HECTARE OF CROPLAND Pesticide use per hectare of cropland, 2017. Average pesticide application per unit of cropland, measured in kilograms per hectare. 0 No data 0 kg 0.25 kg 0.5 kg 1 kg 2.5 kg 5 kg 10 kg >20 kg. World. 1990. 2017. chart. map. table. IRELAND: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our WHICH COUNTRIES HAVE MANDATORY CHILDHOOD VACCINATION 22 hours ago · With the widespread rollout of COVID-19 vaccines globally, some countries have started to consider mandatory vaccination, although no country has yet to make vaccines mandatory for its population. 1 While COVID-19 has resurfaced the debate on vaccination policies, it has been an important topic for many other diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that vaccines

save

WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger than five.

EMISSIONS DRIVERS

With data we can look more closely at how the four factors in the Kaya Identity are driving emissions across different countries, and over time. This interactive chart shows the relative change in the four factors: population, GDP per capita, energy intensity (energy per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (CO 2 per unit of energy) over time. CO2 EMISSIONS BY FUEL This chart shows per capita CO 2 emissions from coal, oil, gas, flaring and cement, measured in tonnes of CO 2 per year. The distribution across different fuel sources is very dependent on energy production and mix in a given country. In the US or the UK, for example, oil followed by gas are the largest contributors. FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. HEALTHCARE ACCESS AND QUALITY INDEX Healthcare Access and Quality Index, 2015. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index is measured on a scale from 0 (worst) to 100. (best) based on death rates from 32 causes of death that could be avoided by timely and. effective medical care (also known as 'amenable mortality'). 0 No data 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100. World. 1990.

2015.

MUNICIPAL WASTE RECYCLING RATE (%) License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ENERGY Whilst we continue to add more renewables, the majority of the world’s energy still comes from fossil fuels. In 2019, 84% of it. This is shown in the chart which gives a breakdown of the global energy mix by source. Low-carbon energy accounted for only 16% –

around

SHARE OF PEOPLE WHO RECEIVED AT LEAST ONE DOSE OF COVID-19 Share of people who received at least one dose of COVID-19. vaccine. Share of the total population that received at least one vaccine dose. This may not equal the share that. are fully vaccinated if the vaccine requires two doses. Add country.

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

CO₂ AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS Human emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases – are a primary driver of climate change – and present one of the world’s most pressing challenges. 1 This link between global temperatures and greenhouse gas concentrations – especially CO 2 – has been true throughout Earth’s history. 2 To set the scene, let’s look at how the planet has warmed. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ENERGY Whilst we continue to add more renewables, the majority of the world’s energy still comes from fossil fuels. In 2019, 84% of it. This is shown in the chart which gives a breakdown of the global energy mix by source. Low-carbon energy accounted for only 16% –

around

SHARE OF PEOPLE WHO RECEIVED AT LEAST ONE DOSE OF COVID-19 Share of people who received at least one dose of COVID-19. vaccine. Share of the total population that received at least one vaccine dose. This may not equal the share that. are fully vaccinated if the vaccine requires two doses. Add country.

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

CO₂ AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS Human emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases – are a primary driver of climate change – and present one of the world’s most pressing challenges. 1 This link between global temperatures and greenhouse gas concentrations – especially CO 2 – has been true throughout Earth’s history. 2 To set the scene, let’s look at how the planet has warmed. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. MAMMALS - OUR WORLD IN DATA Summary. Wild mammal biomass has declined by 85% since the rise of human civilizations. This was mainly driven by overhunting and habitat loss. Wild animals only make up 4% of the world’s mammals; humans account for 34%, and our livestock for 62%. More than 178 of the world’s largest species went extinct during the Quaternary

Extinction.

CO2 EMISSIONS

This interactive chart shows the year-on-year growth rate in global CO 2 emissions.. A positive figure in a given year indicates that emissions were higher than the previous year. A negative figure indicates they were lower than the year before. For example, a change of 1.5% indicates that global emissions were 1.5% higher than the

previous year .

NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. NUMBER OF DEATHS BY AGE GROUP License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. INDONESIA: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) We would like to acknowledge and thank a number of people in the development of this work: Carl Bergstrom, Bernadeta Dadonaite, Natalie Dean, Joel Hellewell, Jason Hendry, Adam Kucharski, Moritz Kraemer and Eric Topol for their very helpful and detailed comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work.Tom Chivers we would like to thank for his editorial review and feedback. CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. INDONESIA: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger than five. FUTURE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS What does the future of our carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions look like. In the visualization we show a range of potential future scenarios of global greenhouse gas emissions (measured in gigatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents), based on data from Climate Action Tracker.1 Here, five scenarios are shown: CO2 EMISSIONS BY FUEL This chart shows per capita CO 2 emissions from coal, oil, gas, flaring and cement, measured in tonnes of CO 2 per year. The distribution across different fuel sources is very dependent on energy production and mix in a given country. In the US or the UK, for example, oil followed by gas are the largest contributors. NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. HEALTHCARE ACCESS AND QUALITY INDEX Healthcare Access and Quality Index, 2015. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index is measured on a scale from 0 (worst) to 100. (best) based on death rates from 32 causes of death that could be avoided by timely and. effective medical care (also known as 'amenable mortality'). 0 No data 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100. World. 1990.

2015.

US: TOTAL COVID-19 VACCINE DOSES ADMINISTERED PER 100 Total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). GLOBAL DEATHS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS Absolute number of global deaths per year as a result of natural disasters. "All natural disasters" includes those from drought, floods, extreme weather, extreme temperature, landslides, dry mass movements, wildfires, volcanic activity and earthquakes. HOW DO ACTUAL DIETS COMPARE TO THE EAT-LANCET DIET? Diets are shown as average daily per capita supply of different food groups, compared to the EAT-Lancet diet. The EAT-Lancet diet is a diet recommended to balance the goals of healthy nutrition and environmental sustainability for a global population. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. INDONESIA: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. STATE-BY-STATE DATA ON COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN THE UNITED State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States. by Edouard Mathieu. January 16, 2021. Our World in Data presents the data and research to make progress against the world’s largest problems. This data presentation is part of our work on the Coronavirus

Pandemic.

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. INDONESIA: CO2 COUNTRY PROFILE CO 2 emissions are dominated by the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, and industrial production of materials such as cement.. What is the contribution of each fuel source to the country’s CO 2 emissions?. This interactive chart shows the breakdown of annual CO 2 emissions by source: either coal, oil, gas, cement production or gas flaring. This breakdown is strongly influenced by

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED 1 day ago · Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger

than five.

FUTURE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS What does the future of our carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions look like. In the visualization we show a range of potential future scenarios of global greenhouse gas emissions (measured in gigatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents), based on data from Climate Action Tracker.1 Here, five scenarios are shown: CO2 EMISSIONS BY FUEL This chart shows per capita CO 2 emissions from coal, oil, gas, flaring and cement, measured in tonnes of CO 2 per year. The distribution across different fuel sources is very dependent on energy production and mix in a given country. In the US or the UK, for example, oil followed by gas are the largest contributors. NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. HEALTHCARE ACCESS AND QUALITY INDEX Healthcare Access and Quality Index, 2015. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index is measured on a scale from 0 (worst) to 100. (best) based on death rates from 32 causes of death that could be avoided by timely and. effective medical care (also known as 'amenable mortality'). 0 No data 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100. World. 1990.

2015.

US: TOTAL COVID-19 VACCINE DOSES ADMINISTERED PER 100 Total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). GLOBAL DEATHS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS Absolute number of global deaths per year as a result of natural disasters. "All natural disasters" includes those from drought, floods, extreme weather, extreme temperature, landslides, dry mass movements, wildfires, volcanic activity and earthquakes. HOW DO ACTUAL DIETS COMPARE TO THE EAT-LANCET DIET? Diets are shown as average daily per capita supply of different food groups, compared to the EAT-Lancet diet. The EAT-Lancet diet is a diet recommended to balance the goals of healthy nutrition and environmental sustainability for a global population. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED 1 day ago · Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger

than five.

EMISSIONS DRIVERS

With data we can look more closely at how the four factors in the Kaya Identity are driving emissions across different countries, and over time. This interactive chart shows the relative change in the four factors: population, GDP per capita, energy intensity (energy per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (CO 2 per unit of energy) over time. NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. US: TOTAL COVID-19 VACCINE DOSES ADMINISTERED PER 100 Total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). GLOBAL DEATHS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS Absolute number of global deaths per year as a result of natural disasters. "All natural disasters" includes those from drought, floods, extreme weather, extreme temperature, landslides, dry mass movements, wildfires, volcanic activity and earthquakes. FERTILIZER USE PER HECTARE OF CROPLAND License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. THE RISE OF SOCIAL MEDIA The percentage of US adults who use social media increased from 5% in 2005 to 79% in 2019. Even on a global stage the speed of diffusion is striking: Facebook surged from covering around 1.5% of the world population in 2008, to around 30% in 2018. 5. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED 1 day ago · Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger

than five.

EMISSIONS DRIVERS

With data we can look more closely at how the four factors in the Kaya Identity are driving emissions across different countries, and over time. This interactive chart shows the relative change in the four factors: population, GDP per capita, energy intensity (energy per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (CO 2 per unit of energy) over time. NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. US: TOTAL COVID-19 VACCINE DOSES ADMINISTERED PER 100 Total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). GLOBAL DEATHS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS Absolute number of global deaths per year as a result of natural disasters. "All natural disasters" includes those from drought, floods, extreme weather, extreme temperature, landslides, dry mass movements, wildfires, volcanic activity and earthquakes. FERTILIZER USE PER HECTARE OF CROPLAND License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. THE RISE OF SOCIAL MEDIA The percentage of US adults who use social media increased from 5% in 2005 to 79% in 2019. Even on a global stage the speed of diffusion is striking: Facebook surged from covering around 1.5% of the world population in 2008, to around 30% in 2018. 5. OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 OUR WORLD IN DATALATESTABOUTDONATEALL CHARTSCORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus

pandemic is

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATIONS Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there. COVID-19 DATA EXPLORER License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. DAILY NEW CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 PER MILLION PEOPLE Daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 per million people. The line is blue when the rate of positive tests in a country is low – this means a country. performs many tests relative to the size of the outbreak. Red indicates a high positive rate of tests. This suggests that the true number of infections. WEEKLY CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES PER MILLION PEOPLE Weekly confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people, May. 24, 2021. Weekly confirmed cases refers to the cumulative number of cases over the previous week. 0 No data 8,000. World. Jan 28, 2020. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC COUNTRY PROFILE Research and data: Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, Diana Beltekian, Edouard Mathieu, Joe Hasell, Bobbie Macdonald, Charlie Giattino, Cameron Appel, Lucas Rodés-Guirao and Max Roser. Web development: Ernst van Woerden, Daniel Gavrilov, Matthieu Bergel, Jason Crawford, and Marcel Gerber. The data on the coronavirus pandemic is updated daily. PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION-BASED CO₂ EMISSIONS License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. MORTALITY IN THE PAST Largely unseen and rarely reported, the deaths of children are a daily tragedy of immense scale.Globally 4.6% of all children die before they are 15 years old; on average a child dies every 5 seconds today. 1 What was the mortality rate in the past? PLASTIC WASTE GENERATION BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Plastic waste generation by industrial sector, 2015. Global plastic waste generation by industrial sector, measured in tonnes per year. 0 tonnes 40 million tonnes 100 million tonnes Packaging 141 million tonnes Textiles 42 million tonnes Other sectors 38 million tonnes Consumer & Institutional Products 37 million tonnes Transportation 17 COVID-19: STRINGENCY INDEX The OxCGRT project also calculate a Containment and Health Index, a composite measure of thirteen of the response metrics. This index builds on the Stringency Index, using its nine indicators plus testing policy, the extent of contact tracing, requirements to wear face coverings, and policies around vaccine rollout. It’s therefore calculated on the basis of the following thirteen metrics CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) HOSPITALIZATIONS In this page we provide data on hospitalizations and intensive care (ICU) admissions due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). The data here is sourced from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), who provide these statistics only for a select number of European countries, the government of the United Kingdom, the Department of Health & Human Services for the United States, the

EMISSIONS BY SECTOR

To prevent severe climate change we need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. The world emits around 50 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases each year . 1 . To figure out how we can most effectively reduce emissions and what emissions can and can’t be eliminated with current technologies, we need to first understand where our WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGRESS IF WE ARE CONCERNED 1 day ago · Endnotes. In addition to the linked article, see Gapminder’s Ignorance Survey and Ipsos’ Perils of Perception studies for more survey data on people’s perception of global problems.. The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s large-scale annual study Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates that 620,000 people died from malaria in 2017; 57% of them children younger

than five.

EMISSIONS DRIVERS

With data we can look more closely at how the four factors in the Kaya Identity are driving emissions across different countries, and over time. This interactive chart shows the relative change in the four factors: population, GDP per capita, energy intensity (energy per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (CO 2 per unit of energy) over time. NUMBER OF DEATHS PER YEAR Number of deaths per year, World. After 2019 the medium variant of the UN population projections are shown. Change country. More. 1950 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2099 0 20 million 40 million 60 million 80 million 100 million 120 million Projected. 1950. 2099. chart. US: TOTAL COVID-19 VACCINE DOSES ADMINISTERED PER 100 Total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). GLOBAL DEATHS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS Absolute number of global deaths per year as a result of natural disasters. "All natural disasters" includes those from drought, floods, extreme weather, extreme temperature, landslides, dry mass movements, wildfires, volcanic activity and earthquakes. FERTILIZER USE PER HECTARE OF CROPLAND License: All the material produced by Our World in Data, including interactive visualizations and code, are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license.You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. THE RISE OF SOCIAL MEDIA The percentage of US adults who use social media increased from 5% in 2005 to 79% in 2019. Even on a global stage the speed of diffusion is striking: Facebook surged from covering around 1.5% of the world population in 2008, to around 30% in 2018. 5.

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THE PRICE OF BATTERIES HAS DECLINED BY 97% IN THE LAST THREE DECADES To transition towards low-carbon energy systems we need low-cost energy storage. Battery costs have been falling quickly. By Hannah Ritchie — June 04, 2021

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THE ARGUMENT FOR A CARBON PRICE We are paying a price for fossil fuels, but that price is not paid by those that burn the fossil fuels – we need to change that. By Max Roser — June 01, 2021

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LIVING PLANET INDEX: WHAT DOES AN AVERAGE DECLINE OF 68% REALLY MEAN? The Living Planet Index is the biodiversity metric that always claims the headlines. It’s often misinterpreted. How should we understand

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HOW THE LIVING PLANET PROJECT HELPS US UNDERSTAND HOW THE WORLD’S WILDLIFE IS CHANGING Beneath the popular index, the Living Planet database helps us understand where and what animals are deeply threatened, and what animals are thriving. By Hannah Ritchie — May 17, 2021

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WHAT IS ECONOMIC GROWTH? AND WHY IS IT SO IMPORTANT? The goods and services that we all need are not just there – they need to be produced – and growth means that their quality and

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THE OUR WORLD IN DATA COVID VACCINATION DATASET HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN THE ACADEMIC JOURNAL, NATURE Our free, open-access dataset tracking global COVID-19 Vaccinations has been published in Nature Human Behaviour. By Hannah Ritchie — May 10, 2021

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ALL OUR ARTICLES ON GLOBAL PROBLEMS AND GLOBAL CHANGES

DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE

POPULATION CHANGE

The world population increased from 1 billion in 1800 to 7.8 BILLION

today.

Growth slowed from 2.2% per year 50 years ago to 1.05% per year today. When and why did the world population grow? And how does rapid population growth come to an end? WORLD POPULATION GROWTH The UN projects that the global population will be 10.8 BILLION by

2100.

The population growth rate is then expected to be CLOSE TO ZERO. What can we expect for the future? What determines how large or small the world population will be? FUTURE POPULATION GROWTH The global median age increased from 22 YEARS in 1970 to 31 YEARS. 26% of the world are younger than 14 years. 8% are older than 65. What is the age profile of populations around the world? How did it change and what will the age structure of populations look like in the

future?

AGE STRUCTURE

In some countries gender discrimination leads to skewed sex ratios at

birth.

How does the number of men and women differ between countries? And

why?

GENDER RATIO

LIFE AND DEATH

The global average life expectancy is 73 YEARS. The global inequality is large. When and why did the average age at which people die increase and how can we make further progress against early death?

LIFE EXPECTANCY

5.5 MILLION children younger than five die every year. The global child mortality rate is 3.9%. Why are children dying and what can be done to prevent it? CHILD AND INFANT MORTALITY The global average fertility rate is 2.5 CHILDREN per woman. In the last 50 years this rate has HALVED. How does the number of children vary across the world and over time? What is driving the rapid global change?

FERTILITY RATE

DISTRIBUTION OF THE WORLD POPULATION 55% of the world population live in urban areas.

In 1960 it was 34%.

The world population is moving to cities. Why is urbanization happening and what are the consequences?

URBANIZATION

HEALTH

The global average life expectancy is 73 YEARS. The global inequality is large. When and why did the average age at which people die increase and how can we make further progress against early death?

LIFE EXPECTANCY

5.5 MILLION children younger than five die every year. The global child mortality rate is 3.9%. Why are children dying and what can be done to prevent it? CHILD AND INFANT MORTALITY 303,000 WOMEN die from pregnancy-related causes every year. What could be more tragic than a mother losing her life in the moment that she is giving birth to her newborn? Why are mothers dying and what can be done to prevent these deaths?

MATERNAL MORTALITY

The world has seen great improvements in health. But there are still large inequalities. An overview of our research on global health.

GLOBAL HEALTH

56 MILLION people die every year. What do they die from? How did the causes of death change over time?

CAUSES OF DEATH

The global burden of disease is large. Per year 2.5 billion healthy life years are lost due to diseases, accidents, and premature deaths How is the burden of disease distributed and how did it change over

time?

BURDEN OF DISEASE

9.6 MILLION people die from cancer every year. 54% are younger than 70 years old. Cancers are one of the leading causes of death globally. Are we making progress against cancer?

CANCER

An estimated 792 MILLION PEOPLE have a mental health disorder. We provide a global overview of the prevalence of depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and schizophrenia.

MENTAL HEALTH

800,000 DIE from suicide per year. 58% are younger than 50 years old. Every suicide is a tragedy. But they can be prevented.

SUICIDE

HEALTH RISKS

5 MILLION people die prematurely from air pollution each year. Our overview on both indoor and outdoor air pollution.

AIR POLLUTION

3.4 MILLION people die prematurely from outdoor air pollution every

year.

43% are younger than 70 years old. Outdoor air pollution is one of the world’s largest health and environmental problems. OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION 1.6 MILLION people die prematurely from indoor air pollution every

year.

55% are younger than 70 years old. Indoor air pollution – caused by the burning of firewood, crop waste, and dung for cooking and heating – is a major health risk of the world’s poorest. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION 13% OF ADULTS are obese, globally. Obesity is responsible for 4.7 MILLION premature deaths every year. When did obesity increase? How do rates vary across the world? What is

the health impact?

OBESITY

8.1 MILLION people die prematurely from smoking every year. Half are younger than 70 years old. Tobacco smoking is one of the world’s largest health problems today.

SMOKING

2.8 MILLION people die prematurely from alcohol consumption every

year.

74% are younger than 70 years old. Who consumes the most alcohol? How has consumption changed over time? And what are the health impacts?

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

11.8 MILLION people die prematurely from drug use every year. This includes tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug

use.

Drug use – which includes smoking, alcohol, and illicit drug use is one of the world’s largest health problems today.

DRUG USE

590,000 people die prematurely from illicit drug use every year. 42% are younger than 50 years old. How common is the use and addiction to opioids, cocaine, amphetamines and cannabis? What is the impact? OPIOIDS, COCAINE, CANNABIS AND ILLICIT DRUGS

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

COVID-19 developed into a global pandemic. Country-by-country data and research on the pandemic. Updated daily. CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID-19) 1 MILLION people die from HIV/AIDS each year. 84% are younger than 50 years old. A global epidemic and the leading cause of death in some countries.

HIV / AIDS

620,000 people die from malaria every year. 57% are children younger than 5 years old. The deadly disease transmitted by mosquitoes is one of the leading causes of death in children. How did we eliminate the disease in some world regions and how can we continue progress against malaria?

MALARIA

Humanity has already eradicated one severe disease. Which ones could we eradicate in our lifetimes and how? ERADICATION OF DISEASES 1.6 MILLION people die from diarrheal diseases every year. One-third are children under five years old. Diarrheal diseases are one of the leading cause of child deaths while they are largely preventable. How can we continue to make progress against these diseases?

DIARRHEAL DISEASES

In the past smallpox killed millions every year. Humanity eradicated this infectious disease globally. How was this

possible?

SMALLPOX

One generation ago polio paralyzed hundreds of thousands of children

every year.

Now the world can possibly eradicate it: polio remains endemic in only

2 countries.

POLIO

2.6 MILLION people die from pneumonia every year. One-third are children younger than five years old. Pneumonia is the leading cause of death for children younger than 5

years.

PNEUMONIA

40,000 people die from Tetanus every year. Half are children under the age of five. Tetanus is a bacterial infection that leads to painful muscle contractions and possibly death.

TETANUS

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS AND INTERVENTIONS Healthcare funding is essential for good health. Healthcare is key to make progress against poor health. How is it

financed?

FINANCING HEALTHCARE * 14% OF CHILDREN in the world do not receive basic vaccines. Vaccines are key in making progress against infectious diseases and save millions of lives every year.

VACCINATION

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

NUTRITION

11% of the world population – 820 MILLION people – are

undernourished.

22% of children younger than five are ‘stunted’. What are the consequences of undernourishment and how can we make progress against hunger and undernourishment? HUNGER AND UNDERNOURISHMENT Around 130 MILLION people died in famines during the last 150 years. This estimate is based on our historical reconstructions. In many parts of the world famines have been common in the past. What causes famines? How can famines be averted?

FAMINES

2,884 KCAL per day is the global average food supply per person. There are large inequalities in food supply across countries. How had the availability of food changed over time? How does food supply vary across the world today?

FOOD SUPPLY

Human height gives us an indicator of changes in health and nutrition

in the past.

The average height of a population can inform us about the nutrition and living conditions of populations in the past for which we have

little other data.

HUMAN HEIGHT

An estimated 2 BILLION people are deficient in essential

micronutrients.

Food is not only a source of energy and protein, but also micronutrients – vitamins and minerals – which are essential to good health. Who is most affected by the ‘hidden hunger’ of micronutrient deficiency? MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY A diverse diet is essential for good nutrition. There are large inequalities in dietary diversity between countries. What do people across the world eat?

DIET COMPOSITIONS

Food prices are important for both consumers and farmers. Food needs to be affordable for people, and at the same it is a key source of income for one-quarter of the world’s labor force.

FOOD PRICES

13% OF ADULTS are obese, globally. Obesity is responsible for 4.7 MILLION premature deaths every year. When did obesity increase? How do rates vary across the world? What is

the health impact?

OBESITY

2.8 MILLION people die prematurely from alcohol consumption every

year.

74% are younger than 70 years old. Who consumes the most alcohol? How has consumption changed over time? And what are the health impacts?

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

FOOD PRODUCTION

The world produces more than enough food for everyone. But it's unequally distributed across the world. How much food do countries produce across the world? AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 26% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from food production. 50% of the world's habitable land is used for agriculture. What are the environmental impacts of food production? How do we reduce the impacts of agriculture on the environment? ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF FOOD PRODUCTION Global average cereal yield is 4 TONNES per hectare. But in many regions yields are much lower. Increasing the production of crops per area of land is of key importance for food security, living standards, and decreasing humanity’s impact on the environment.

CROP YIELDS

* 80 BILLION animals are slaughtered every year for meat production. Meat is an important source of nutrition for people around the world. How quickly is demand growing? And what are the implications for animal welfare and the earth’s environment? MEAT AND DAIRY PRODUCTION * 33% of global fish stocks are overexploited. Fish and seafood form an important part of people’s diets. How does growing demand affect fish populations? How does production in aquaculture compare with wild catch?

SEAFOOD PRODUCTION

AGRICULTURAL INPUTS

* 26% of the world’s labor force is employed in agriculture. Once the majority of human labor was dedicated to food production. When and how did this change? What is the global distribution of agricultural labor today? EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE * 50% of the world’s habitable land is used for agriculture How is humanity using the Earth’s land? And how can we decrease our land use so that more land is left for wildlife?

LAND USE

The world produces more than 200 MILLION tonnes of fertilizer each

year.

Fertilizers supply plants with nutrients that are essential for growth. How important are fertilizers? How does their use vary across

the world?

FERTILIZERS

Pesticides are often used to protect crop yields. There are large differences in its use across the world. Pesticides are used to protect plants from weeds, fungi, or insects. Where are they used? What is their impact?

PESTICIDES

ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Explore the diversity of wildlife across the planet. What are species threatened with? What can we do to prevent biodiversity loss?

BIODIVERSITY

ENERGY

13% of the world do not have access to electricity. 40% do not have access to clean fuels for cooking. Access to electricity and clean cooking fuels are vital for a good standard of living and good health.

ACCESS TO ENERGY

Global energy production has grown 2.5-FOLD in the past 50 years. What energy sources does the world rely on? What is this energy used for? And how does it change over time?

ENERGY

5% of global primary energy production comes from modern renewable

sources

Solar, wind, hydropower, and other renewable energy sources currently account for a small share of global energy. But they’re growing quickly and can play a key role in tackling climate change.

RENEWABLE ENERGY

86% of global primary energy comes from fossil fuels. Deaths per TWh range from 2.8 for gas to 24.6 for coal. Coal, gas and oil were key to industrialization and rising prosperity, but their large impact on health and the climate mean that we should transition away from these sources of energy.

FOSSIL FUELS

WASTE

* It is estimated that 8 MILLION TONNES enter the world’s oceans

each year.

The use of plastics has many benefits – it is affordable, versatile, resistant, and can help reduce other forms of waste – especially food waste. However, when poorly managed it can pollute the environment and our oceans. Where does the plastic in our oceans come from and what can we do to reduce plastic pollution?

PLASTIC POLLUTION

Oil spills can have a large negative impact on the environment. How often do oil spills happen? How did it change over time?

OIL SPILLS

AIR AND CLIMATE

36 BILLION tonnes of CO₂ are emitted every year. Who is emitting greenhouse gases? Which countries and which sectors? And what needs to happen to reduce emissions? CO₂ AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 5 MILLION people die prematurely from air pollution each year. Our overview on both indoor and outdoor air pollution.

AIR POLLUTION

3.4 MILLION people die prematurely from outdoor air pollution every

year.

43% are younger than 70 years old. Outdoor air pollution is one of the world’s largest health and environmental problems. OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION 1.6 MILLION people die prematurely from indoor air pollution every

year.

55% are younger than 70 years old. Indoor air pollution – caused by the burning of firewood, crop waste, and dung for cooking and heating – is a major health risk of the world’s poorest. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION Emissions of ozone-depleting gases have fallen by 98%. But it will take decades for the ozone layer to recover. The emission of ozone-depleting gases are threatening the earth’s ozone layer. Global collaboration and regulation aims to reduce the emissions. Are these efforts successful?

OZONE LAYER

WATER

* 2.1 BILLION people do not have access to safe drinking water. That's 29% of the world population. Clean and safe water is essential for good health. How did access change over time? Where do people lack access?

CLEAN WATER

* 4.5 BILLION people do not have access to safely managed

sanitation.

That's 60% of the world population. Access to safe sanitation is essential for reducing deaths from infectious disease, preventing malnutrition and providing dignity. What is the global situation today and how can we make progress?

SANITATION

* Globally we use 70% of freshwater withdrawals for agriculture; 19% in industry; and 11% in households. Freshwater resources across the world are the focus of this entry. How much water do we use? How did it change over time? WATER USE AND STRESS

LAND AND ECOSYSTEMS

26% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from food production. 50% of the world's habitable land is used for agriculture. What are the environmental impacts of food production? How do we reduce the impacts of agriculture on the environment? ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF FOOD PRODUCTION * 30.8% of the world’s land area is forested. How are forests distributed across the world? How much do we lose to deforestation every year? FORESTS AND DEFORESTATION * 50% of the world’s habitable land is used for agriculture How is humanity using the Earth’s land? And how can we decrease our land use so that more land is left for wildlife?

LAND USE

* Over the last decade the annual number of deaths due to natural disasters was 45,000 globally. Where and from which disasters do people die? What can we do to prevent deaths from natural disasters?

NATURAL DISASTERS

INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE Technological progress has been key a key driver of improved living

standards.

Technology is a key driver of change that matters for all the big problems that we consider in this publication. TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS Technology adoption has been a key driver of improved living

conditions.

Technology has been a leading driver of global change – disrupting the way we work, travel, and live. How quickly have different technologies been adopted across the world? Explore global and country-level data and research on technology adoption.

TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION

POVERTY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

PUBLIC SECTOR

Government spending has increased significantly, but with large differences across the world. What do governments spend their financial resources on?

GOVERNMENT SPENDING

Tax revenues account for more than 80% of total government revenue in about half of the countries in the world. And for more than 50% in almost every country. Taxes are the most important source of government revenue. Who is paying how much and how do tax systems differ?

TAXATION

* Annual military spending amounts to 2.2% of global GDP. How much do different countries spent on their military? How did it

change over time?

MILITARY SPENDING

Healthcare funding is essential for good health. Healthcare is key to make progress against poor health. How is it

financed?

FINANCING HEALTHCARE Funding for education is growing across the world, but large gaps

still exist.

How is education financed? How much do we spend on it? What are the

returns?

FINANCING EDUCATION

POVERTY AND PROSPERITY The world has become much more prosperous, but in some countries incomes remain very low. All of today’s rich countries were poor in the past – how do poor countries become rich?

ECONOMIC GROWTH

EVERY TENTH person in the world lives on less than $1.90 per day. TWO-THIRDS of the world population live on less than $10 per day. The international poverty line of $1.90 per day focuses on the very poorest people on the planet. How did poverty change over time and how can the world win the fight against extreme poverty? GLOBAL EXTREME POVERTY

ECONOMIC INEQUALITY

Many countries have high levels of income inequality. How are incomes distributed and how and why did the distribution

change over time?

INCOME INEQUALITY

In most countries the gender pay gap has reduced, but inequalities are still large and common. What is determining the inequality in incomes, jobs, and wealth between men and women? ECONOMIC INEQUALITY BY GENDER Global inequality has fallen but living conditions are still vastly unequal across the world. Living conditions around the world are vastly unequal and economic differences are a major reason for this. How is this distribution

changing?

GLOBAL ECONOMIC INEQUALITY

LABOR

An estimated 17% of children globally work. Why and where do children work? How did child labor change over time?

CHILD LABOR

Many people have to work long hours with for very low incomes. How much time do people across the world spend working? How have working hours changed over time, and what do these changes matter for people’s lives? Explore data and research on working hours.

WORKING HOURS

* Women’s labor force participation is 49% globally with large differences between countries. What is determining whether women participate in the labor market? How

is it changing?

WOMEN’S EMPLOYMENT

CORRUPTION

Corruption is a common problem in many countries and sectors. How common is corruption? What impact does it have? And what can be

done to reduce it?

CORRUPTION

LIVING CONDITIONS, COMMUNITY AND WELLBEING Time is the ultimate limited resource How do people across the world spend their time? How do daily activities differ across countries, and how do these differences matter for people’s lives? Explore data and research on time use.

TIME USE

The institution of marriage is changing quickly How is the institution of marriage changing? What percentage of marriages end in divorce? Explore global data on marriages and

divorces.

MARRIAGES AND DIVORCES Loneliness is common across the world. Family and friends are important for our well-being. In this article we explore data on loneliness and social connections, and review available evidence on the link between social connections and

well-being.

LONELINESS AND SOCIAL CONNECTIONS Life satisfaction and happiness vary widely both within and among

countries.

Self-reported life satisfaction differs widely between people and between countries. What explains these differences? HAPPINESS AND LIFE SATISFACTION Health, education and living standards have increased in recent decades, but more progress is needed. The HDI is a measure of human development that captures health, education, and income. How does the index vary around the world, and how did it change over time? HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) An estimated 17% of children globally work. Why and where do children work? How did child labor change over time?

CHILD LABOR

Many people have to work long hours with for very low incomes. How much time do people across the world spend working? How have working hours changed over time, and what do these changes matter for people’s lives? Explore data and research on working hours.

WORKING HOURS

55% of the world population live in urban areas.

In 1960 it was 34%.

The world population is moving to cities. Why is urbanization happening and what are the consequences?

URBANIZATION

Tourism is an important source of income and employment for many

countries.

How many travel for tourism? Where do they go?

TOURISM

CULTURE

Misconceptions about past development means many are pessimistic about

future progress.

What is people’s outlook on the future – personally and for the

world as a whole?

OPTIMISM AND PESSIMISM Trust levels can vary a lot between countries and groups of society. Trust is essential for community, wellbeing, and effective cooperation. How does trust vary between different societies and locations and what matters for levels of trust?

TRUST

HOUSING

13% of the world do not have access to electricity. 40% do not have access to clean fuels for cooking. Access to electricity and clean cooking fuels are vital for a good standard of living and good health.

ACCESS TO ENERGY

* 2.1 BILLION people do not have access to safe drinking water. That's 29% of the world population. Clean and safe water is essential for good health. How did access change over time? Where do people lack access?

CLEAN WATER

Homelessness is a problem in countries around the world. How many are homeless? How did homelessness change over time?

HOMELESSNESS

1.6 MILLION people die prematurely from indoor air pollution every

year.

55% are younger than 70 years old. Indoor air pollution – caused by the burning of firewood, crop waste, and dung for cooking and heating – is a major health risk of the world’s poorest. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION Many do not have light at night Light at night was once expensive everywhere. In some places people are still lacking light at night, while in other places light became

extremely cheap.

LIGHT AT NIGHT

* 4.5 BILLION people do not have access to safely managed

sanitation.

That's 60% of the world population. Access to safe sanitation is essential for reducing deaths from infectious disease, preventing malnutrition and providing dignity. What is the global situation today and how can we make progress?

SANITATION

HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY * 44% of the world population do not live in democratic countries. Why do countries become democratic? What is the impact of democratisation on people’s lives and international relations?

DEMOCRACY

Violence against children in various forms has fallen, but still

occurs today.

How common is physical and emotional violence against children? How did it change over time? VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN AND CHILDREN’S RIGHTS In most countries the gender pay gap has reduced, but inequalities are still large and common. What is determining the inequality in incomes, jobs, and wealth between men and women? ECONOMIC INEQUALITY BY GENDER Corruption is a common problem in many countries and sectors. How common is corruption? What impact does it have? And what can be

done to reduce it?

CORRUPTION

Human Rights violations are still common in many countries. From freedom of the press to racism, this entry presents an overview of quantitative measures of human rights.

HUMAN RIGHTS

VIOLENCE AND WAR

WAR AND PEACE

* Over the last decade the annual number of battle-related deaths was 55,000 globally. Humans are capable of atrocious cruelty – the history of war makes this all too clear. How many died in war? And what are the prospects for making the world more peaceful?

WAR AND PEACE

* Annual military spending amounts to 2.2% of global GDP. How much do different countries spent on their military? How did it

change over time?

MILITARY SPENDING

* Over the last decade the annual number of deaths due to terrorism was 22,000 globally. The attacks of terrorists receive a lot of attention from the media and often dominate the public discourse. How many people die from these attacks and how did it change over time?

TERRORISM

The world’s nuclear powers have MORE THAN 10,000 nuclear warheads. The world’s nuclear powers possess in total 10,145 nuclear warheads. These weapons have the capacity to kill hundreds of millions of people directly, and billions due to subsequent effects on agriculture.

NUCLEAR WEAPONS

Peacekeeping operations are used in conflict prevention, but are not

always successful.

Peacekeeping aims to help countries transition from conflict towards peace. How have peacekeeping operations and forces changed over time? See global data on peacekeeping activities.

PEACEKEEPING

Targeted killing of specific societal groups have killed millions. The organized killings targeted at particular groups for their ethnicity, religion or political belief killed many millions.

GENOCIDES

VIOLENCE

Violence against children in various forms has fallen, but still

occurs today.

How common is physical and emotional violence against children? How did it change over time? VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN AND CHILDREN’S RIGHTS * Globally around 390,000 PEOPLE DIE from homicide each year. Where are people dying from homicides? How did the homicide rate

change over time?

HOMICIDES

Violence was very common in many historical societies. How common was violence in the distant past? ETHNOGRAPHIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE ON VIOLENT DEATHS EDUCATION AND KNOWLEDGE Global education has improved over recent decades, but much more progress is possible. The overview of our research on global education.

GLOBAL EDUCATION

The share of people with secondary and further education is expected to grow, but unequally across the world. How are demographic, economic, technological changes affecting the future of global education? PROJECTIONS OF FUTURE EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES * 14% of the world population are illiterate. Being able to read and write opens up the world of education and knowledge. When and why did more people become literate? How can

progress continue?

LITERACY

Schools often do not live up to their promise: in many schools children learn very little. How do learning outcomes differ between countries? How has the quality of education changed over time? QUALITY OF EDUCATION The returns of education have significant impacts on labour supply and

skilled workforces.

What are the social and individual returns to education? RETURNS TO EDUCATION

ACCESS TO EDUCATION

Many children have very few opportunities in learning before primary

education.

Access to education early in life can improve outcomes for the rest of life. How does pre-primary education differ between countries and how did it change over time? PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION 61 MILLION children of primary school age are not in school. 202 MILLION children of secondary school age are not in school. How does access to school differ around the world? How does it between boys and girls? And how did it change over time? PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION Globally 34% of those within 5 years of secondary education are enrolled in tertiary education. When did access to universities and tertiary education increase? How does it differ between countries?

TERTIARY EDUCATION

INEQUALITY IN EDUCATION Large inequalities exist in educational opportunities across and

within countries.

How did inequality of education change over time? How does access to education differ between girls and boys. EDUCATIONAL MOBILITY AND INEQUALITY

INPUTS TO EDUCATION

Funding for education is growing across the world, but large gaps

still exist.

How is education financed? How much do we spend on it? What are the

returns?

FINANCING EDUCATION

Many teachers across the world do not receive sufficient training. A global overview of teaching professionals. How many teachers are there? At what level do they teach? What are their qualifications? TEACHERS AND PROFESSORS

MEDIA

Book publication has been a key driver of knowledge-sharing and

education.

Books have been at the center of science and the arts for centuries. Their history and relevance is the focus of this entry.

BOOKS

* 50% of the world population are not online. For many, the internet is now essential for work, finding information, and connecting with others. How did half the world get online in just one generation? And what are the challenges ahead?

INTERNET

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