RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and RESEARCH: A ROADMAP TO MUNICIPAL REFORM: IMPROVING LIFE IN Cities across Canada have the greatest effect of any level of government on the daily lives of Canadians, yet city councils seem hamstrung by the problems they face. There are solutions, according to a new book from former C.D. Howe Institute Associate Director, Research, Benjamin Dachis. In “A Roadmap to Municipal Reform: Improving Life in Canadian Cities,” Dachis addresses PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces.

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. PEOPLE: STÉFANE MARION Testing Debt Tolerance Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute Jean Boivin, PhD, Managing Director, is the Head of the BlackRock Investment Institute RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and RESEARCH: A ROADMAP TO MUNICIPAL REFORM: IMPROVING LIFE IN Cities across Canada have the greatest effect of any level of government on the daily lives of Canadians, yet city councils seem hamstrung by the problems they face. There are solutions, according to a new book from former C.D. Howe Institute Associate Director, Research, Benjamin Dachis. In “A Roadmap to Municipal Reform: Improving Life in Canadian Cities,” Dachis addresses PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces.

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. PEOPLE: STÉFANE MARION Testing Debt Tolerance Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute Jean Boivin, PhD, Managing Director, is the Head of the BlackRock Investment Institute

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of RESEARCH: AGGRESSIVE INCREMENTALISM: STRENGTHENING THE Childcare Reform Key to Post-COVID Economic Recovery More accessible and affordable childcare will be crucial in determining whether parents can resume their pre-COVID growth in employment and wages. In contrast to calls for a nationalized childcare system, in “Aggressive Incrementalism: Strengthening the Foundations of Canada’s Approach to Childcare,” authors Ken MEDIA RELEASE: SOMEONE HAS TO PICK UP THE TAB FOR LOCKDOWN March 23, 2021 – Generational fairness is key in paying for the estimated $550 billion in added debt Ottawa has run up fighting the pandemic, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Who Will Pay for the Economic Lockdown?” author John Lester argues someone will have to pick up the tab for the cost of the lockdown, and rolling over the debt indefinitely leaves INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS The green bond market was growing rapidly until the pandemic hit in 2020 and its progress stalled under economic shutdowns. As the

recovery unfolds,

MEDIA RELEASE: STEVE AMBLER RE-APPOINTED AS C.D. HOWE June 10, 2021 – William Robson, CEO of the C.D. Howe Institute, announces the re-appointment of Steve Ambler as a Fellow-in-Residence and holder of the Institute’s David Dodge Chair in Monetary Policy. “Steve is an outstanding monetary economist and a pillar of strength in the C.D. Howe Institute’s research program,” said Robson.

INTELLIGENCE MEMOS

Employee Ownership Trusts: A Good Model for Canadian Prosperity? Dr. Roger Martin, Professor Emeritus, Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto In 2017, Roger was named the world’s #1

management thinker

INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: DON DRUMMOND From: Don Drummond To: Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland Date: June 9, 2021 Re: Breathing Life into the Liberal Government’s Quality of Life Index Following the lead of a number of other countries, the Department of Finance and Statistics Canada are engaged in an investigation of and consultations on how to inform policymaking better with information on Canadians' quality of RESEARCH: LET THERE BE MORE LIGHT: ENHANCING PUBLIC Lift “Veil of Secrecy” Around OSFI Supervision of Banks, Insurers Banks and insurers would benefit from greater clarity on how the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) conducts prudential supervision. THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL IT Intelligence Memos Canada now has a pan-Canadian carbon price that is due to rise to $170 per tonne by 2030. Yet some firms appear to be holding off on investing capital in IM-ELLIOTT MANGET AND ROBSON 2021-0531 Intelligence Memos Toronto, like other major Canadian cities, is creative and resilient. Its underlying economic strength, built on world-leading talent and diverse, RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland RESEARCH: A ROADMAP TO MUNICIPAL REFORM: IMPROVING LIFE IN Cities across Canada have the greatest effect of any level of government on the daily lives of Canadians, yet city councils seem hamstrung by the problems they face. There are solutions, according to a new book from former C.D. Howe Institute Associate Director, Research, Benjamin Dachis. In “A Roadmap to Municipal Reform: Improving Life in Canadian Cities,” Dachis addresses DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland RESEARCH: A ROADMAP TO MUNICIPAL REFORM: IMPROVING LIFE IN Cities across Canada have the greatest effect of any level of government on the daily lives of Canadians, yet city councils seem hamstrung by the problems they face. There are solutions, according to a new book from former C.D. Howe Institute Associate Director, Research, Benjamin Dachis. In “A Roadmap to Municipal Reform: Improving Life in Canadian Cities,” Dachis addresses DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies.

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of MEDIA RELEASE: SOMEONE HAS TO PICK UP THE TAB FOR LOCKDOWN March 23, 2021 – Generational fairness is key in paying for the estimated $550 billion in added debt Ottawa has run up fighting the pandemic, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Who Will Pay for the Economic Lockdown?” author John Lester argues someone will have to pick up the tab for the cost of the lockdown, and rolling over the debt indefinitely leaves INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS The green bond market was growing rapidly until the pandemic hit in 2020 and its progress stalled under economic shutdowns. As the

recovery unfolds,

MEDIA RELEASE: STEVE AMBLER RE-APPOINTED AS C.D. HOWE June 10, 2021 – William Robson, CEO of the C.D. Howe Institute, announces the re-appointment of Steve Ambler as a Fellow-in-Residence and holder of the Institute’s David Dodge Chair in Monetary Policy. “Steve is an outstanding monetary economist and a pillar of strength in the C.D. Howe Institute’s research program,” said Robson. INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: DON DRUMMOND From: Don Drummond To: Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland Date: June 9, 2021 Re: Breathing Life into the Liberal Government’s Quality of Life Index Following the lead of a number of other countries, the Department of Finance and Statistics Canada are engaged in an investigation of and consultations on how to inform policymaking better with information on Canadians' quality of INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: BENJAMIN DACHIS From: Benjamin Dachis To: Canadian housing watchers Date: June 11, 2021 Re: Three Strings for Ottawa’s Housing Price Bow Housing costs have become a national economic concern, reaching policymakers in Ottawa. Normally, federal moves affect the demand side of housing through lending policy. But lending power does not address lack of supply, which is the core problem. RESEARCH: LET THERE BE MORE LIGHT: ENHANCING PUBLIC Lift “Veil of Secrecy” Around OSFI Supervision of Banks, Insurers Banks and insurers would benefit from greater clarity on how the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) conducts prudential supervision. EVENT: BARRIERS TO MOBILITY: LAND TRANSFER TAXES AS A The City of Toronto is considering an increase in the municipal land transfer tax for homes valued at over $2 million, with a City Council debate scheduled for July 14. Join the C.D. Howe Institute on July 13 for a panel discussion on whether Toronto’s land transfer tax, now the highest in the nation, should be further raised as a measure to address current budgetary IM-ELLIOTT MANGET AND ROBSON 2021-0531 Intelligence Memos Toronto, like other major Canadian cities, is creative and resilient. Its underlying economic strength, built on world-leading talent and diverse, THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL IT Intelligence Memos Canada now has a pan-Canadian carbon price that is due to rise to $170 per tonne by 2030. Yet some firms appear to be holding off on investing capital in RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and FINANCIAL SERVICES RESEARCH INITIATIVE The financial services sector would be a vital component of the Canadian economy if measured according to its output and employment alone. It is more than that, however, because the efficiency and effectiveness of the financial sector is critical to economy-wide performance. The financial sector constitutes the infrastructure of commerce; financial intermediation is also the PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. THE PRICE OF PROTECTION: BENCHMARKING CANADA’S PROPERTY Institut C.D. HOWE Institute commentary NO. 601 The Price of Protection: Benchmarking Canada’s Property & Casualty Industry Against its Global Peers Canadians pay premiums for property and casualty insurance that are at the high end of RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and FINANCIAL SERVICES RESEARCH INITIATIVE The financial services sector would be a vital component of the Canadian economy if measured according to its output and employment alone. It is more than that, however, because the efficiency and effectiveness of the financial sector is critical to economy-wide performance. The financial sector constitutes the infrastructure of commerce; financial intermediation is also the PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. THE PRICE OF PROTECTION: BENCHMARKING CANADA’S PROPERTY Institut C.D. HOWE Institute commentary NO. 601 The Price of Protection: Benchmarking Canada’s Property & Casualty Industry Against its Global Peers Canadians pay premiums for property and casualty insurance that are at the high end of RESEARCH: RECOVERY AND STABILITY: A SHADOW FEDERAL BUDGET Tough Choices Needed to Prevent Fiscal Meltdown: C.D. Howe Institute's Federal Shadow Budget The Federal Government’s spending and borrowing cushioned the impact of COVID-19 on Canada’s economy, but have put national finances on an unsustainable path. The upcoming budget must make tough choices to put Canada on a path back to fiscal

stability.

OUR PEOPLE | RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA | CANADA ECONOMY The Institute has just over 30 staff that work hard to ensure the Institute produces high-quality research that will lead to positive

impact.

RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: DON DRUMMOND From: Don Drummond To: Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland Date: June 9, 2021 Re: Breathing Life into the Liberal Government’s Quality of Life Index Following the lead of a number of other countries, the Department of Finance and Statistics Canada are engaged in an investigation of and consultations on how to inform policymaking better with information on Canadians' quality of RESEARCH: LET THERE BE MORE LIGHT: ENHANCING PUBLIC Lift “Veil of Secrecy” Around OSFI Supervision of Banks, Insurers Banks and insurers would benefit from greater clarity on how the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) conducts prudential supervision. INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: BAZEL, MINTZ From: Philip Bazel and Jack Mintz To: Canadians concerned about investment Date: June 8, 2021 Re: The Surprising Investment Impacts from Limiting Net Interest Deductibility In Budget 2021, the Liberal government moved on its 2019 campaign promise to introduce earning stripping rules, ostensibly to prevent multinational companies from being able to deduct excessive interest IM-ELLIOTT MANGET AND ROBSON 2021-0531 Intelligence Memos Toronto, like other major Canadian cities, is creative and resilient. Its underlying economic strength, built on world-leading talent and diverse, OP-ED: THREE WAYS OTTAWA COULD REALLY HELP BOOST HOUSING Housing costs have become a national economic concern, reaching policymakers in Ottawa. Normally, federal moves affect the demand side of housing through lending policy. But lending power does not address the core problem now, which is lack of supply. What could Ottawa do in an area that is normally provincial jurisdiction? It could use its money wisely to solve problems local THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL IT Intelligence Memos Canada now has a pan-Canadian carbon price that is due to rise to $170 per tonne by 2030. Yet some firms appear to be holding off on investing capital in

INTELLIGENCE MEMOS

Intelligence Memos Annual revenues for Crowns, federal provincial and municipal, are equivalent to more than 7 percent of Canada’s GDP – larger than all of Atlantic Canada, RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces.

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies.

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy PEOPLE: STÉFANE MARION Testing Debt Tolerance Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute Jean Boivin, PhD, Managing Director, is the Head of the BlackRock Investment Institute RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and PEOPLE: LEO DE BEVER Leo de Bever started his career at the Bank of Canada, and has so far worked with eight public and private organizations in four countries. Over the last two decades the search for superior pension and endowment returns at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, and most recently as CEO of Alberta Investment Management Corporation led him to become an early investor in infrastructure, timberland MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces.

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies.

PEOPLE: MARK ZELMER

Summary. Mark Zelmer has more than 30 years experience dealing with financial sector policy and regulatory issues having worked for the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada (OSFI); the Bank of Canada; and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He served first as an Assistant Superintendent and then as Deputy PEOPLE: STÉFANE MARION Testing Debt Tolerance Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute Jean Boivin, PhD, Managing Director, is the Head of the BlackRock Investment Institute

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of RESEARCH: AGGRESSIVE INCREMENTALISM: STRENGTHENING THE Childcare Reform Key to Post-COVID Economic Recovery More accessible and affordable childcare will be crucial in determining whether parents can resume their pre-COVID growth in employment and wages. In contrast to calls for a nationalized childcare system, in “Aggressive Incrementalism: Strengthening the Foundations of Canada’s Approach to Childcare,” authors Ken MEDIA RELEASE: SOMEONE HAS TO PICK UP THE TAB FOR LOCKDOWN March 23, 2021 – Generational fairness is key in paying for the estimated $550 billion in added debt Ottawa has run up fighting the pandemic, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Who Will Pay for the Economic Lockdown?” author John Lester argues someone will have to pick up the tab for the cost of the lockdown, and rolling over the debt indefinitely leaves INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS The green bond market was growing rapidly until the pandemic hit in 2020 and its progress stalled under economic shutdowns. As the recovery unfolds, green bonds – fixed-income securities used to INTELLIGENCE MEMOS: DON DRUMMOND From: Don Drummond To: Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland Date: June 9, 2021 Re: Breathing Life into the Liberal Government’s Quality of Life Index Following the lead of a number of other countries, the Department of Finance and Statistics Canada are engaged in an investigation of and consultations on how to inform policymaking better with information on Canadians' quality of RESEARCH: LET THERE BE MORE LIGHT: ENHANCING PUBLIC Lift “Veil of Secrecy” Around OSFI Supervision of Banks, Insurers Banks and insurers would benefit from greater clarity on how the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) conducts prudential supervision. PEOPLE: STÉFANE MARION Stéfane Marion has been engaged in economic analysis for more than 20 years. In early 1999, he joined the Economics and Strategy team at National Bank Financial. IM-ELLIOTT MANGET AND ROBSON 2021-0531 Intelligence Memos Toronto, like other major Canadian cities, is creative and resilient. Its underlying economic strength, built on world-leading talent and diverse, OP-ED: THREE WAYS OTTAWA COULD REALLY HELP BOOST HOUSING Housing costs have become a national economic concern, reaching policymakers in Ottawa. Normally, federal moves affect the demand side of housing through lending policy. But lending power does not address the core problem now, which is lack of supply. What could Ottawa do in an area that is normally provincial jurisdiction? It could use its money wisely to solve problems local THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL IT Intelligence Memos Canada now has a pan-Canadian carbon price that is due to rise to $170 per tonne by 2030. Yet some firms appear to be holding off on investing capital in RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of OUR PEOPLE | RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA | CANADA ECONOMY The Institute has just over 30 staff that work hard to ensure the Institute produces high-quality research that will lead to positive

impact.

RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and FINANCIAL SERVICES RESEARCH INITIATIVE The financial services sector would be a vital component of the Canadian economy if measured according to its output and employment alone. It is more than that, however, because the efficiency and effectiveness of the financial sector is critical to economy-wide performance. The financial sector constitutes the infrastructure of commerce; financial intermediation is also the

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is

nonpartisan

RESEARCH: CANADA’S VIRTUAL CARE REVOLUTION: A FRAMEWORK Virtual Healthcare Revolution Here to Stay The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a healthcare revolution in Canada, forcing a massive shift away from in-person interactions towards virtual care with over 70 percent of ambulatory care across the country during June 2020 represented by virtual care. The authors argue that the pandemic presents the opportunity to embrace a more

LATEST RESEARCH

The Institute’s high-quality research aims at understanding and providing options to address four key challenges central to Canadians’ prosperity: promoting stronger economic growth, ensuring fiscal and financial stability, fostering opportunities for individuals, and enhancing the effectiveness of OUR PEOPLE | RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA | CANADA ECONOMY The Institute has just over 30 staff that work hard to ensure the Institute produces high-quality research that will lead to positive

impact.

RESEARCH: CLIMBING OUT OF COVID New C.D. Howe Institute Book Chronicles COVID-19 Policy Insights A new book from the C.D. Howe Institute provides an overview of the Institute’s critical policy recommendations made in response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic. “Climbing Out of COVID” compiles communiqués from the Institute’s Crisis Working Groups, as well as Intelligence Memos and op-eds, published up to MEDIA RELEASE: COVID HIGHLIGHTS ACUTE SHORTAGE OF February 11 – COVID-19 highlights a shortage of nurses and doctors in Canada that dates from before the crisis and hampers patient access to healthcare, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “Help Wanted: How to Address Labour Shortages in Healthcare and Improve Patient Access,” Rosalie Wyonch evaluates factors contributing to healthcare labour shortages and MUNICIPAL BUDGETS KEEP CITIZENS IN THE DARK: C.D. HOWE December 10, 2019 – Bad budgeting practices impede councillors, taxpayers and voters seeking accountability from city staff and elected representatives, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “From A to F: Grading the Fiscal Transparency of Canada’s Cities, 2019,” authors William B.P. Robson and Farah Omran grade the clarity, comprehensiveness, and FINANCIAL SERVICES RESEARCH INITIATIVE The financial services sector would be a vital component of the Canadian economy if measured according to its output and employment alone. It is more than that, however, because the efficiency and effectiveness of the financial sector is critical to economy-wide performance. The financial sector constitutes the infrastructure of commerce; financial intermediation is also the

PEOPLE: WILL FALK

Support the institute. The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces. OTHER RESEARCH: COVID-19 ECONOMIC DASHBOARD The COVID-19 Dashboard provides at-a-glance indicators of economic activity amidst the unfolding global pandemic. Information is updated daily to provide data-driven insight into the economic impact of the crisis. As the situation continues to evolve we welcome your feedback about our interactive dashboard feature. In particular, we welcome comments to identify additional data AWARDS | RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA | CANADA ECONOMY NEWS The C.D Howe Institute's award-winning research is essential reading because more than any other think tank, its research is authoritative, timely, and written by outstanding scholars. This approach is supported by the most rigorous expert review process in the industry. This effort has made the C.D. Howe Institute an essential part of the policy process, earning it accolades INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS The green bond market was growing rapidly until the pandemic hit in 2020 and its progress stalled under economic shutdowns. As the recovery unfolds, green bonds – fixed-income securities used to MEDIA RELEASE: KENNETH WHYTE RE-APPOINTED AS C.D. HOWE May 20, 2021 – William Robson, CEO of the C.D. Howe Institute, announces the re-appointment of Kenneth Whyte as a Senior Fellow. “Ken’s career as one of Canada’s most respected journalists, and as an author, media executive and publisher, places him to advise on a range of issues related to media and cultural policy,” commented

Robson.

DEMOGRAPHICS AND IMMIGRATION This area covers broad demographic developments and their economic impact, particularly labour market, fiscal and pension policy impacts, and policies affecting permanent and temporary migration to or from Canada. It includes analyses of the outcomes of migration on Canada's economy and on migrants themselves. DIGITAL PLATFORMS: OVERSIGHT IF NECESSARY, BUT NOT • Earlier this year in the European Union, the President of the European Commission committed to institute liability and rules for digital platforms with a “Digital Services Act Package.”8 The Commission proposed cooperative supervision of platforms and ex ante rules covering large online platforms acting as gatekeepers to information, content and marketplaces.

INTELLIGENCE MEMOS

Intelligence Memos Annual revenues for Crowns, federal provincial and municipal, are equivalent to more than 7 percent of Canada’s GDP – larger than all of Atlantic Canada, | RESEARCH INSTITUTE CANADA The C.D. Howe Institute is governed by its Board of Directors, which is composed of private sector leaders, senior academics, and policy leaders. The Board meets twice per year, in the spring and the fall. The Board has three main responsibilities: to approve the strategic direction of the Institute’s policy work, to ensure that the

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PENSION POLICY COUNCIL The C.D. Howe Institute launched the Pension Policy Council in May 2007 to address key challenges facing Canada’s system of retirement saving, assess current developments, identify regulatory strengths and shortfalls, and make recommendations to ensure the integrity of pension earnings for the growing number of Canadians approaching

retirement.

RESEARCH: WHAT DOES IT COST SOCIETY TO RAISE A DOLLAR OF 2011 - Bev Dahlby and Ergete Ferede. Increasing corporate income tax rates is the most costly way to raise government revenues, compared to other forms of taxation, according to a study released today by the C.D. Howe Institute. Skip to main content

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BEUGIN, SHAFFER – THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL

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BANK OF CANADA SHOULD KEEP OVERNIGHT RATE AT 0.25 PERCENT OVER COMING YEAR: C.D. HOWE INSTITUTE MONETARY POLICY COUNCIL

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Video | June 4, 2021 LAWSON HUNTER ON BNN - TECH COMPETITION LAWS NEED TO BE 'TWEAKED' TO

ALLOW INTERVENTION

Intelligence Memos | June 4, 2021 BEUGIN, SHAFFER – THE CLIMATE POLICY CERTAINTY GAP AND HOW TO FILL

IT

Council Report | June 3, 2021 BANK OF CANADA SHOULD KEEP OVERNIGHT RATE AT 0.25 PERCENT OVER COMING YEAR: C.D. HOWE INSTITUTE MONETARY POLICY COUNCIL Research | June 2, 2021 COVID-19: THE C.D. HOWE INSTITUTE’S COMPLETE POLICY ANALYSIS Intelligence Memos | June 2, 2021 GLEN HODGSON – HOW SHOULD GOVERNMENTS ASSESS CROWN CORPORATION FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE? Research | June 1, 2021 DAMAGE CONTROL: OPTIONS FOR REFORMING THE LAND TRANSFER TAX IN

MANITOBA

Intelligence Memos | June 1, 2021 HUNTER, SCHWANEN – ANTI-BIG TECH BIAS COULD BE COSTLY FOR CANADIANS Intelligence Memos | May 31, 2021 ELLIOTT, MANGET, ROBSON – FIVE IDEAS TO HELP CITIES MAKE THE MOST OF

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Op-Ed | May 31, 2021 À FORCE DE CRIER AU LOUP DE L’INFLATION, VA-T-IL SURGIR ? - LA

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Intelligence Memos | May 28, 2021 ROBERT MYSICKA – SHARPENING A DULL SWORD: AMENDING THE COMPETITION ACT TO INCREASE SCRUTINY OF SELF-REGULATORS Intelligence Memos | May 27, 2021 DILLON, GULLO – SIX PRINCIPLES TO HELP LEAD CANADA TO A NET-ZERO

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Research | May 27, 2021 FINDING JEWELS AMONG THE CROWNS: OPTIMAL GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES FOR CANADA’S STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES Previous Pause Next See all research & insights

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10

TESTING DEBT TOLERANCE Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute Jean Boivin, PhD, Managing Director, is the Head of the BlackRock Investment Institute

Jun

14

THE BIG RESET FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR Dame Moya Greene, Chair, Premier's Economic Recovery Team, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Dame Moya Greene  DBE was CEO of the

UK’s Royal

Jun

15

WATTS NEEDED? EXPLOITING CANADA’S LEAD IN NET-ZERO ELECTRICITY Theresa Dekker, Vice President, Corporate Business Development & Strategy, Ontario Power Generation and Co-President, Ivy Charging

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The Annual David Laidler Lecture with Jean Boivin, Managing Director, BlackRock Investment Institute TESTING DEBT TOLERANCE Jun 10, 2021 | Details The C.D. Howe Institute is an independent not-for-profit research institute whose mission is to raise living standards by fostering economically sound public policies. Widely considered to be Canada's most influential think tank, the Institute is a trusted source of essential policy intelligence, distinguished by research that is nonpartisan, evidence-based and subject to definitive expert review. The Institute's research is national in scope and we host policy events across the country. Donate to the C.D. Howe Institute Throughout my career, whether in the public or private sector, I have witnessed firsthand how influential and helpful C.D. Howe Institute research has been for senior leaders in government and business as they wrestle with current challenges.

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