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OUTLAWS & CRIME
In 1904, a Laramie mob hanged African-American Joe Martin from a light pole near the courthouse, drawing a crowd of 1,000 people or more. Despite having called several witnesses, a grand jury brought no indictments. And lynchings of Black men became more andCARBON, WYOMING
Carbon, Wyoming Territory was founded in 1868 on the line of the Union Pacific Railroad, which was still under construction.The town was named for its coal mines. Coal was crucial to the railroad’s operation; mines at Carbon, Rock Springs and Almy, near Evanston, were important factors in determining the railroad’s route across Wyoming. Carbon was located about halfway between Laramie BROWN'S PARK FIELD TRIP History-minded visitors with more time to spend will want to drive south from Rock Springs to historic Brown’s Park, also known as Brown’s Hole, near the spot where Wyoming, Utah and Colorado join.. Myths and facts merge here. The Park is rich in old west lore. Here Butch Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, Isom Dart, Queen Ann Basset, and Tom Horn roamed. . Historians generally agree that it wasCONNOR BATTLEFIELD
The Connor Battlefield is a park on Tongue River in Ranchester, Wyo., marking the spot where Brig. Gen. Patrick Connor and about 475 U.S. troops and Pawnee scouts in August 1865 attacked a village of 500 Arapaho under the leadership of Black Bear and Old THE LANDER TRAIL: NATIONAL ROAD BUILDING COMES TO WYOMING In 1857, the U.S. Congress passed the Pacific Wagon Road Act, allowing the survey and construction of wagon roads. A segment of the first such national road built in the West is the Lander Trail, a section 229 miles in length between a point near BENTON | WYOHISTORY.ORG From April to November 1868, two ex-Confederate brothers, Legh and Fred Freeman, published the strident, anti-Reconstruction Frontier Index, moving their offices ahead of the still-building Union Pacific Railroad.Rioters finally destroyed the newspaper’s office and LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt. WAS JOHN MUIR RACIST? The answer depends, not on Muir’s actions, but on how you define 'racist' By John Clayton (Editor’s note: John Clayton is author of "John Muir in Yellowstone” on WyoHistory.org.)I love John Muir.I even wrote a book arguing that this much-heralded figure doesn’t get as much credit as he deserves.So I noticed when Sierra Club executive director Michael Brune called out the racism of the TRAVEL THE HISTORIC INDIAN WARS SITES Fort Fetterman was established by the U.S. Army on the North Platte River near present Douglas, Wyo. in 1867. It served as a staging point for Gen. George Crook’s three campaigns against Cheyenne and Lakota Sioux Indians in 1876, near the end of the Indian Wars. The Army abandoned the post in 1882, and the settlement finally closed down a few years later when the railroad arrived at Douglas WYOMING AND WORLD WAR II The Wyoming Veterans Memorial Museum is located at 3740 Jourgensen Ave. at Natrona County International Airport in Casper, Wyo.The museum is in what was the Servicemen’s Club at the World War II era Casper Army Air Base, where B-17 and B-24 bomber crews and P-39 Airacobra fighter pilots trained.Stories of Wyoming military veterans of all branches of service, from World War I to theOUTLAWS & CRIME
In 1904, a Laramie mob hanged African-American Joe Martin from a light pole near the courthouse, drawing a crowd of 1,000 people or more. Despite having called several witnesses, a grand jury brought no indictments. And lynchings of Black men became more andCARBON, WYOMING
Carbon, Wyoming Territory was founded in 1868 on the line of the Union Pacific Railroad, which was still under construction.The town was named for its coal mines. Coal was crucial to the railroad’s operation; mines at Carbon, Rock Springs and Almy, near Evanston, were important factors in determining the railroad’s route across Wyoming. Carbon was located about halfway between Laramie BROWN'S PARK FIELD TRIP History-minded visitors with more time to spend will want to drive south from Rock Springs to historic Brown’s Park, also known as Brown’s Hole, near the spot where Wyoming, Utah and Colorado join.. Myths and facts merge here. The Park is rich in old west lore. Here Butch Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, Isom Dart, Queen Ann Basset, and Tom Horn roamed. . Historians generally agree that it wasCONNOR BATTLEFIELD
The Connor Battlefield is a park on Tongue River in Ranchester, Wyo., marking the spot where Brig. Gen. Patrick Connor and about 475 U.S. troops and Pawnee scouts in August 1865 attacked a village of 500 Arapaho under the leadership of Black Bear and Old THE LANDER TRAIL: NATIONAL ROAD BUILDING COMES TO WYOMING In 1857, the U.S. Congress passed the Pacific Wagon Road Act, allowing the survey and construction of wagon roads. A segment of the first such national road built in the West is the Lander Trail, a section 229 miles in length between a point near BENTON | WYOHISTORY.ORG From April to November 1868, two ex-Confederate brothers, Legh and Fred Freeman, published the strident, anti-Reconstruction Frontier Index, moving their offices ahead of the still-building Union Pacific Railroad.Rioters finally destroyed the newspaper’s office and LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt. WAS JOHN MUIR RACIST? The answer depends, not on Muir’s actions, but on how you define 'racist' By John Clayton (Editor’s note: John Clayton is author of "John Muir in Yellowstone” on WyoHistory.org.)I love John Muir.I even wrote a book arguing that this much-heralded figure doesn’t get as much credit as he deserves.So I noticed when Sierra Club executive director Michael Brune called out the racism of theCARBON, WYOMING
Carbon, Wyoming Territory was founded in 1868 on the line of the Union Pacific Railroad, which was still under construction.The town was named for its coal mines. Coal was crucial to the railroad’s operation; mines at Carbon, Rock Springs and Almy, near Evanston, were important factors in determining the railroad’s route across Wyoming. Carbon was located about halfway between Laramie BROWN'S PARK FIELD TRIP History-minded visitors with more time to spend will want to drive south from Rock Springs to historic Brown’s Park, also known as Brown’s Hole, near the spot where Wyoming, Utah and Colorado join.. Myths and facts merge here. The Park is rich in old west lore. Here Butch Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, Isom Dart, Queen Ann Basset, and Tom Horn roamed. . Historians generally agree that it was THE LANDER TRAIL: NATIONAL ROAD BUILDING COMES TO WYOMING In 1857, the U.S. Congress passed the Pacific Wagon Road Act, allowing the survey and construction of wagon roads. A segment of the first such national road built in the West is the Lander Trail, a section 229 miles in length between a point near DIGITAL TOOLKIT: COMPARING THE WYOMING AND U.S Area 1: Foundations of the United States (1700-1800) Question: How do our constitutions as living documents represent “we the people”? Background for teachers and students: When, in 1889, delegates from across Wyoming Territory set about writing a constitution for the new state of Wyoming, the U.S. Constitution was their a primary model.. The delegates were in a hurry.ROCKY RIDGE
Rocky Ridge, where the Oregon Trail climbs a steep, stony slope to a high plateau about 40 trail miles east of South Pass, was troublesome to all emigrants.But it was deadly to some starving Mormons pulling handcarts through snow in 1856.. To avoid a steep-walled canyon, the trail leaves the bottomlands of the Sweetwater River and climbs about 700 feet in two miles through a rugged, boulder ANCHOR DAM AND THE RESERVOIR THAT WOULDN'T HOLD WATER Anchor Dam is located in the Owl Creek Mountains west of Thermopolis, Wyo. To get there, take state Highway 120 northwest from Thermopolis for nine miles, then turn left (west) and travel on state Highway 170—also called the Owl Creek Road—for about 29 miles. THE MURDER OF MATTHEW SHEPARD In the evening hours of Oct. 6, 1998, Matthew Shepard, a 21-year-old University of Wyoming student who was openly gay, went alone to the Fireside Lounge in Laramie after a meeting of the campus LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) student group and a quick stop at the Village Inn. In less than two hours’ time, he became part of a chain of events that attracted international media and THE LYNCHING OF JOE MARTIN The Laramie Plains Museum is located in the Ivinson Mansion at 603 E. Ivinson in Laramie, Wyo. Prominent businessman and philanthropist Edward Ivinson and his first wife, Jane, built the home, which cost $40,000 and was completed in 1893. After Jane’s death, Ivinson gave the structure to the Episcopal Missionary District of Wyoming to be used as a home for teenage girls.PROSPECT HILL
The Bureau of Land Management’s Prospect Hill Interpretive Area lies in a turnout off Natrona County Road 319 about eight miles southwest of Rock Avenue and 1.4 miles southwest of Willow Spring.To find the turnout, drive southwest a mile from the Willow Springs area. In 0.8 mile, about halfway up the hill is a pullout with a good view of the swales cutting the slope. LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt.WYOHISTORY.ORG
Visit Our Education Section. Explore WyoHistory.org’s education packages, designed for classroom use. Our Digital Toolkits of Wyoming History, aimed at secondary levels and above, connect topics in Wyoming history with one of 12 overarching areas of U.S. history.. Packages on the Oregon Trail and the Indian Wars are aimed at elementary classrooms. They offer articles, maps, field-trip lesson WYOMING AND WORLD WAR II The Wyoming Veterans Memorial Museum is located at 3740 Jourgensen Ave. at Natrona County International Airport in Casper, Wyo.The museum is in what was the Servicemen’s Club at the World War II era Casper Army Air Base, where B-17 and B-24 bomber crews and P-39 Airacobra fighter pilots trained.Stories of Wyoming military veterans of all branches of service, from World War I to the INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN WYOMING AND THE WEST In March 1866, when whites and Indians together at Fort Laramie mourned the death of Mni Akuwin, daughter of Spotted Tail, chief of the Brulé Lakota, a colonel at the post hoped it was a sign of peace between the peoples. Peace hopes were shattered later that spring however, by the arrival of hundreds of troops to build forts on the Bozeman Trail, and two more years of bitter warfare followed. BEFORE WYOMING: AMERICAN INDIAN GEOGRAPHY AND TRAILS The Wind River Indian Reservation is the primary site of most of John Roberts’s life and ministry. The reservation communities of Fort Washakie and Ethete are central to the story. Trout Creek Road, Fremont County 252, which turns southwest off US 287 at Fort Washakie, is the turnoff for the Roberts Mission and Sacagawea Cemetery. It is the continuation of the road from Ethete after it DIGITAL TOOLKIT: THE STORY OF THE SEVEN SISTERS The Story of the Seven Sisters. Long, long time ago when the Arapahos had the ability to speak to the four-legged animals, there were seven beautiful sisters who always gazed at the night skies, and stars. THE PEDRO MOUNTAIN MUMMY The Fort Caspar Museum is located at 4001 Fort Caspar Road in Casper, Wyo., and displays an exhibit about the mummy with photographs and accounts of American Indian legends.For more information, visit the website linked above or call (307) 235-8462. The twin peaks of the Pedro Mountains lie just southeast of Pathfinder Reservoir. W. EDWARDS DEMING OF POWELL, WYO.: THE MAN WHO HELPED W. Edwards Deming grew up in difficult financial circumstances in Powell, Wyo., early in the 20th century. Still, he worked his way through the University of Wyoming and Yale and became absorbed by statistics as a way to solve problems. After World War LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt. ED CANTRELL, ROCK SPRINGS AND BOOM-TIME CRIME The Rock Springs Historical Museum is the former town hall and jail, built in 1892, and is located in downtown Rock Springs at 201 B St. From I-80, take the Elk Street exit, No. 104, and follow Elk Street south to downtown. Take the bridge across the U.P. Railroad tracks where it turns into A Street. BREAKING A STEREOTYPE: BLACK RANCHER ALONZO STEPP The American Heritage Center is located at 2111 Willett Drive on the University of Wyoming campus. Its extensive collections began with the papers of longtime UW faculty member, administrator, librarian, and Wyoming historian Grace Raymond Hebard and now contain nearly 70,000 cubic feet of historically important documents and artifacts. The AHC is among the largest non-governmentalWYOHISTORY.ORG
Visit Our Education Section. Explore WyoHistory.org’s education packages, designed for classroom use. Our Digital Toolkits of Wyoming History, aimed at secondary levels and above, connect topics in Wyoming history with one of 12 overarching areas of U.S. history.. Packages on the Oregon Trail and the Indian Wars are aimed at elementary classrooms. They offer articles, maps, field-trip lesson WYOMING AND WORLD WAR II The Wyoming Veterans Memorial Museum is located at 3740 Jourgensen Ave. at Natrona County International Airport in Casper, Wyo.The museum is in what was the Servicemen’s Club at the World War II era Casper Army Air Base, where B-17 and B-24 bomber crews and P-39 Airacobra fighter pilots trained.Stories of Wyoming military veterans of all branches of service, from World War I to the INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN WYOMING AND THE WEST In March 1866, when whites and Indians together at Fort Laramie mourned the death of Mni Akuwin, daughter of Spotted Tail, chief of the Brulé Lakota, a colonel at the post hoped it was a sign of peace between the peoples. Peace hopes were shattered later that spring however, by the arrival of hundreds of troops to build forts on the Bozeman Trail, and two more years of bitter warfare followed. BEFORE WYOMING: AMERICAN INDIAN GEOGRAPHY AND TRAILS The Wind River Indian Reservation is the primary site of most of John Roberts’s life and ministry. The reservation communities of Fort Washakie and Ethete are central to the story. Trout Creek Road, Fremont County 252, which turns southwest off US 287 at Fort Washakie, is the turnoff for the Roberts Mission and Sacagawea Cemetery. It is the continuation of the road from Ethete after it DIGITAL TOOLKIT: THE STORY OF THE SEVEN SISTERS The Story of the Seven Sisters. Long, long time ago when the Arapahos had the ability to speak to the four-legged animals, there were seven beautiful sisters who always gazed at the night skies, and stars. THE PEDRO MOUNTAIN MUMMY The Fort Caspar Museum is located at 4001 Fort Caspar Road in Casper, Wyo., and displays an exhibit about the mummy with photographs and accounts of American Indian legends.For more information, visit the website linked above or call (307) 235-8462. The twin peaks of the Pedro Mountains lie just southeast of Pathfinder Reservoir. W. EDWARDS DEMING OF POWELL, WYO.: THE MAN WHO HELPED W. Edwards Deming grew up in difficult financial circumstances in Powell, Wyo., early in the 20th century. Still, he worked his way through the University of Wyoming and Yale and became absorbed by statistics as a way to solve problems. After World War LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt. ED CANTRELL, ROCK SPRINGS AND BOOM-TIME CRIME The Rock Springs Historical Museum is the former town hall and jail, built in 1892, and is located in downtown Rock Springs at 201 B St. From I-80, take the Elk Street exit, No. 104, and follow Elk Street south to downtown. Take the bridge across the U.P. Railroad tracks where it turns into A Street. BREAKING A STEREOTYPE: BLACK RANCHER ALONZO STEPP The American Heritage Center is located at 2111 Willett Drive on the University of Wyoming campus. Its extensive collections began with the papers of longtime UW faculty member, administrator, librarian, and Wyoming historian Grace Raymond Hebard and now contain nearly 70,000 cubic feet of historically important documents and artifacts. The AHC is among the largest non-governmentalWYOHISTORY.ORG
Visit Our Education Section. Explore WyoHistory.org’s education packages, designed for classroom use. Our Digital Toolkits of Wyoming History, aimed at secondary levels and above, connect topics in Wyoming history with one of 12 overarching areas of U.S. history.. Packages on the Oregon Trail and the Indian Wars are aimed at elementary classrooms. They offer articles, maps, field-trip lesson BEFORE WYOMING: AMERICAN INDIAN GEOGRAPHY AND TRAILS The Wind River Indian Reservation is the primary site of most of John Roberts’s life and ministry. The reservation communities of Fort Washakie and Ethete are central to the story. Trout Creek Road, Fremont County 252, which turns southwest off US 287 at Fort Washakie, is the turnoff for the Roberts Mission and Sacagawea Cemetery. It is the continuation of the road from Ethete after it DIGITAL TOOLKIT: THE STORY OF THE SEVEN SISTERS The Story of the Seven Sisters. Long, long time ago when the Arapahos had the ability to speak to the four-legged animals, there were seven beautiful sisters who always gazed at the night skies, and stars.ROCKY RIDGE
Rocky Ridge, where the Oregon Trail climbs a steep, stony slope to a high plateau about 40 trail miles east of South Pass, was troublesome to all emigrants.But it was deadly to some starving Mormons pulling handcarts through snow in 1856.. To avoid a steep-walled canyon, the trail leaves the bottomlands of the Sweetwater River and climbs about 700 feet in two miles through a rugged, boulder ATTACK ON THE KELLY-LARIMER WAGON TRAIN A 1954 Wyoming Historical Landmark Commission stone marker listing the names and death dates of the victims of the 1864 Kelly-Larimer wagon train attack now stands at a turnout about two miles west of the I-25 Exit 151, the Natural Bridge exit, on the north side of the highway. The graves of the victims are on private land. WYOMING'S LONG-LIVED BUCKING HORSE Wyoming’s well-known bucking-horse-and-rider logo has changed many times since soldiers first used it on airplanes, arms and equipment in World War I France. Nor were all its versions modeled on the same real-life originals. At least three real-life horses and riders were associated with the logo as it evolved from its first appearance in 1918 until 1936, when the state appropriated the LESTER "BUDDY" HUNT, JR.—THE REST OF THE STORY By Rodger McDaniel (Editor’s note: Rodger McDaniel’s article, “Baseball, Politics, Triumph and Tragedy: The Career of Lester Hunt,” was published this month on WyoHistory.org.) It was April of 2011. Out of the blue, I received a Facebook friend request from Lester Hunt, Jr.I’d begun writing a column for the Wyoming Tribune-Eagle.A mutual friend sent copies to Mr. Hunt. WYOMING TO THE WHITE HOUSE: DICK CHENEY'S LIFE IN POLITICS The Dick Cheney Federal Building, at 100 B St. in Casper, Wyo., was built in 1970 and given its current name after Cheney became vice-president in 2001.At the present time, its primary function is to provide office space for more than 20 Federal agencies. Normal hours of operation are from 7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Monday through Friday,except holidays.
WYOMING'S FRIENDLY SKIES: TRAINING THE FIRST STEWARDESSES The world’s first female flight attendants were trained in Cheyenne beginning in May 1930 by Boeing Air Transport. The company, a precursor of United Air Lines, had been based at the Cheyenne municipal airport since the mid-1920s, when the airport was playing a significant role in the development of early aviation in America. THE MURDER OF MATTHEW SHEPARD In the evening hours of Oct. 6, 1998, Matthew Shepard, a 21-year-old University of Wyoming student who was openly gay, went alone to the Fireside Lounge in Laramie after a meeting of the campus LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) student group and a quick stop at the Village Inn. In less than two hours’ time, he became part of a chain of events that attracted international media and Skip to main contentWYOHISTORY.ORG
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Wyoming’s Named Roads ENCYCLOPEDIA | In the early days of motorcars, promoters gave names to auto routes to boost tourist travel. Several named highways crossed significant portions of Wyoming, with Yellowstone Park a prime attraction. But by the mid-1920s the system had become chaotic. The government began numbering routes instead—gaining efficiency and sacrificing romance. READ MORE Ceremony and Reburial ENCYCLOPEDIA | In October 1903, six Oglala Lakota Sioux and two white men died in a tragically unnecessary armed confrontation on Lightning Creek, northeast of Douglas, Wyo. But 35 years later, both sides made a public effort at a kind of reconciliation—at the Wyoming State Fair. READ MORELincoln Highway
ENCYCLOPEDIA | In 1913, the nation’s first transcontinental highway—initially more idea than road—followed Wyoming’s southern rail corridor. After its life as a named highway ended, the route lived on as U.S. 30. Since I-80 was finished in 1970, the Lincoln Highway has become a nostalgic touchstone for a friendlier, more easygoing way to drive. READ MORE Pro-war yet pro-dissent ENCYCLOPEDIA | With the question of Vietnam deeply dividing both parties, Democratic Senator Gale McGee of Wyoming was a leading hawk—strongly pro-war. At the same time, he strongly favored a U.S. Senate committed to civil discourse and compromise, where all sides had room to air their disagreements. READ MOREHanged at the Depot
ENCYCLOPEDIA | It began with a bowl of mush and ended in the murders of two men—one shot through the heart, the other dragged from the jail and lynched by a vicious mob of 300 to 400 people. Afterward, no one would testify to who was in the mob. READ MORE Utes on the Move, 1906 ENCYCLOPEDIA | The talking lasted 12 hours. Several times, the Ute negotiators returned to their camp; the soldiers could do little but wait. Each time negotiations resumed, the Utes refused to return to the Utah reservation they’d left five months earlier before crossing Wyoming in the summer of 1906. Civil officials were frantic. But the Utes, disgusted with losing still more of their land to the allotment system, were positive they would not go back. READ MORE Wyoming’s Named Roads Ceremony and ReburialLincoln Highway
Pro-war yet pro-dissentHanged at the Depot
Utes on the Move, 1906HOME
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WYOMING'S FIRST WOMAN MAYOR ENCYCLOPEDIA | Susan Wissler, elected mayor of Dayton, Wyo., in 1912, was Wyoming’s first woman mayor and possibly the second in the nation. Promising to act “without fear or favor,” she served three terms, with some success cleaning up local saloon and gambling elements, all while running her own millinery and dry-goods business. THE TRIBES SELL OFF MORE LAND: THE 1905 AGREEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA | In 1905, Congress ratified an agreement with the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho by which the tribes ceded 1.5 million acres of reservation land north of the Big Wind River. Tribal leaders questioned the final terms, however, and payments were slow in coming and fell far short of promised levels. WHEN THE TRIBES SOLD THE HOT SPRINGS ENCYCLOPEDIA | With the buffalo gone and poverty, hunger and disease increasing, the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho tribes came under intense pressure in the 1890s to sell their land. In 1896, they sold the U.S. government a piece of their reservation ten miles square—including the splendid hot springs at present Thermopolis,Wyo.
FRAGMENTING TRIBAL LANDS: THE DAWES ACT OF 1887 ENCYCLOPEDIA | Congress in 1887 passed the Dawes Act, setting up a framework for dividing up tribal lands on reservations into plots to be held by individual Indian owners, after which they could be leased or sold to anyone. Critics saw it as a method clearly intended to transfer lands out of Indian hands. THE GRAVE OF ALFRED CORUM, FORTY-NINER ENCYCLOPEDIA | Alfred Corum, bound for California in 1849 with two dozen other Missouri men, died on July 4 on the Sublette Cutoff in present western Wyoming. His brother and five other men stayed behind to bury him, deeply saddened on what otherwise would have been a dayof celebration.
THE GRAVE OF NANCY HILL ENCYCLOPEDIA | On the Oregon-California Trail in western Wyoming lies the grave of 20-year-old Nancy Hill, who died of cholera while bound for California in 1852. The gravestone, though old, is not original and part of the inscription—“Killed by Indians—” for many years misled locals about the cause of her death. EMIGRANT SPRING ON THE SLATE CREEK CUTOFF ENCYCLOPEDIA | Emigrant Spring, west of the Green River on the Slate Creek Cutoff of the Oregon Trail, offered pioneer travelers cold, clear water, plentiful grass for their livestock and plenty of sagebrush for their cooking fires. And the sandstone bluffs above the spring made a natural bulletin board where thousands carved theirnames.
CHURCH BUTTE
ENCYCLOPEDIA | In 1843, Oregon Trail diarist John Boardman was probably the first to make reference Church Butte near present Granger, Wyo., calling it “Solomon’s Temple.” In the 1850s, most emigrants referred to the landmark as Church Butte, because of its shape and perhaps because Mormon companies held religious services there on their way to the Salt Lake Valley.HAYSTACK BUTTE
ENCYCLOPEDIA | Not many diarists mentioned Haystack Butte, a minor landmark on the Sublette Cutoff of the Oregon/California Trail, but forty-niner J. Goldsborough Bruff sketched it in his journal. Some remarked that the 60-foot-high butte resembled “a farmer’s hay stack;” others called it called it “a bee-hive” or“sugar-loaf.”
HAM'S FORK CROSSING
ENCYCLOPEDIA | Oregon/California Trail travelers crossing Ham’s Fork in what’s now southwest Wyoming noted a stream that was sometimes low, sometimes dangerously high, ferries run by interesting characters and a stage station so full of flies that they “darkened the table and covered everything put upon it.”HOME
VISIT OUR EDUCATION SECTION Explore WyoHistory.org’s education packages, designed for classroom use. Our Digital Toolkits of Wyoming History , aimed at secondary levels and above, connect topics in Wyoming history with one of 12 overarching areas of U.S. history. Packages on the Oregon Trail and the Indian Wars are aimed at elementary classrooms. They offer articles, maps, field-trip lesson plans, videos and interactivequizzes.
All packages contain information on how the exercises meet Wyoming state social studies standards. Visit the Education Page BROWSE ARTICLES BY LOCATION Explore Wyoming's history using our interactive map of articles. Viewthe map
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Jump to articles about . . . Agriculture Arts & Entertainment Business & Industry Cities, Towns & Counties Conflict Education Energy Geology & Natural History Historic Spots & Monuments Military Outlaws & Crime Parks, Forests & Public Lands People & Peoples Politics & Government Prehistory Religion Sports Transportation Women of WyomingCONTRIBUTORS
Jump to articles by . . . Abby Dotterer Alexandra Hullinger Allan Fraser Ann Chambers Noble Anne MacKinnon Annette Hein Barbara Allen Bogart Bill Barton Brie Blasi Brodie Farquhar Carl V. Hallberg Carolynne Harris Casper College Western History Center Chamois L. Andersen Charles E. Rankin Chavawn Kelley Chip Carlson Chris Propst Clayton Caden Clint Gilchrist Cynde Georgen D. Claudia Thompson Dan Whipple Dana Van Burgh Darcee Barnes Dee Pridgen Dick Blust, Jr. Doug McInnis Douglas R. Cubbison Dudley Gardner Dustin Bleizeffer Ellis Hein Emilene Ostlind Eric Wimmer Fred Chapman Geoffrey O’Gara Gerry Robinson Gregory Nickerson Hollis Marriott James A. Lowe Jamie Egolf Jason Marsden Jefferson Glass Jeremy Johnston Jessica Clark Jim Brown Jim Hardee Joan Barron Johanna Wickman John Clayton John D. Nesbitt John Goss John W. Davis Jonita Sommers Judy Knight Kerry Drake Kevin Knapp Kim Viner Laura E. Ruberto Lesley Wischmann Lillian Turner Linda Graves Fabian Loren Jost Lori Van Pelt Lucia McCreery Lynn Johnson Houze Mac Blewer Marguerite Herman Maria Wimmer Marilyn J. Drew Marjane Ambler Mark Junge MaryJo Birt May Gillies Michael Kassel Mike Mackey Nancy Anderson Nancy Trabing Mickelson Nichole Simoneaux Nicole Lebsack Paul Krza Phil Roberts Phil White Randy Brown Raymond G. Jacquot Rebecca A. Hunt Rebecca Hein Robert E. Bonner Robert G. and Elizabeth L. Rosenberg Robert Galbreath Robin Everett Rodger McDaniel Russel L. Tanner Ryan Thorburn Samuel Western Sarah Gorin Sergio Vedovato Shannon Smith Shannon Sullivan Starley Talbott Stephanie Lowe Steve Roberts Steve Wolff Steven Bingo Tadeusz Lewandowski Tamsen Emerson Hert Terry A. Del Bene Thaddeus Mast The National Park Service Tom Davis Tom Mast Tom Rea Tyler Eastman Vickie Zimmer Warren Murphy Washakie Museum and Cultural Center Will Bagley WyoHistory.org Wyoming Legislative Service Office Wyoming State Archives Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office WyomingHeritage.org SUBSCRIBE TO THE WYOHISTORY.ORG NEWSLETTER The WyoHistory.org monthly newsletter includes updates of new articles on the website, info on history-related events, news about our contributors, etc. Add your name to the list to stay informed about all things history in Wyoming. Learn more » * indicates requiredEmail Address *
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