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DRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uNEWSLETTERS
PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uINDIA | PPIAF
India has broad experience in PPPs, having completed hundreds of PPP projects over the last decade. The maturity of the regulatory framework varies significantly across sectors and states, with states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh having their own enabling legislation/policies and significant experience, while some others have not treated PPPs as aKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TA PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uNEWSLETTERS
PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uINDIA | PPIAF
India has broad experience in PPPs, having completed hundreds of PPP projects over the last decade. The maturity of the regulatory framework varies significantly across sectors and states, with states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh having their own enabling legislation/policies and significant experience, while some others have not treated PPPs as aKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growingABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andSEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andVEHICLE UTILIZATION
Vehicle Utilization This indicator shows the extent to which vehicles are used, and must not be confused with availability.There are various measures of utilization; these include mileage or hours (kilometers per vehicle per period or operational hours/days per vehicle per period); analysis of days or hours of operation as a percentage of total available time; or the number of vehicles KILOMETERS PER VEHICLE PER DAY (KPVPD) Calculation: Total kilometers operated during a period, divided by total number of buses licensed in that period, and then divided by the number of days in the period.It is normally most convenient to use the number of buses licensed on a particular day, such as the last day of the period; the figure might be distorted if a significant number of buses is licensed or de-licensed during the MODULE 3 ASSESSMENT :: BENCHMARKING Benchmarking is an important mechanism for identifying the potential for labor productivity improvements ( box 3.6 ). Making good comparisons can be difficult, but there are several sources of information. In addition the process of benchmarking will help identify problem areas in terms of overstaffing and opportunities forimproving labor
MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. MODULE 2 THE EVOLUTION OF PORTS IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD The Evolution of Ports in a Competitive World. The port sector has radically changed over the past two centuries. During the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, ports tended to be instruments of state or colonial powers and port access and egress was regarded as a means to control markets. AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership. It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is significantly higher than at weekends. It is the peak hour weekday figure that determines the required capacity of the bus system. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TA PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governsPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 2 THE EVOLUTION OF PORTS IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD The Evolution of Ports in a Competitive World. The port sector has radically changed over the past two centuries. During the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, ports tended to be instruments of state or colonial powers and port access and egress was regarded as a means to control markets. PART MODALE DES TRANSPORTS PUBLICS Part modale des transports publics La définition de transport public comprend généralement tous les services passagers par rail, autobus et minibus, ferries et transports semi-collectifs mais exclut les taxis qui sont normalement considérés comme un mode de transportprivé.
PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TA PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governsPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 2 THE EVOLUTION OF PORTS IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD The Evolution of Ports in a Competitive World. The port sector has radically changed over the past two centuries. During the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, ports tended to be instruments of state or colonial powers and port access and egress was regarded as a means to control markets. PART MODALE DES TRANSPORTS PUBLICS Part modale des transports publics La définition de transport public comprend généralement tous les services passagers par rail, autobus et minibus, ferries et transports semi-collectifs mais exclut les taxis qui sont normalement considérés comme un mode de transportprivé.
SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP NetworkNEWSLETTERS
PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision of REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andSOUTH AFRICA
South Africa’s PPP environment is strong, with a solid track record in delivering major projects. The 2015 EIU Africa Infrascope ranked South Africa highest within the continent. The country has a stable business infrastructure, a sophisticated financial sector, and high standards in accounting, regulatory structures and law. The current PPP framework largely dates back to DIFFERENT MODELS OF PPP Session: Private Sector Participation Topic 4.2. Different Models of Public-Private Sector Partnership 1 The views expressed here are those of the presenter and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies BURKINA FASO: SUPPORT THE POWER MINING INTEGRATION TO The electrification rate in Burkina Faso remains low by regional standards, at 19 percent overall with 66 percent in urban areas and just 3 percent in rural areas. CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ADDIS ABABA Anbessa has a peak vehicle requirement for its core services of 344 buses. Total kilometers reported for 2003/04 were 21.6 million, or 1.8 million kilometers per month, representing 176 kilometers per bus per day. Given the high level of passenger demand, this appears to represent inefficient deployment of buses. MODULE 2 THE EVOLUTION OF PORTS IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD The Evolution of Ports in a Competitive World. The port sector has radically changed over the past two centuries. During the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, ports tended to be instruments of state or colonial powers and port access and egress was regarded as a means to control markets. KILOMETERS PER VEHICLE PER DAY (KPVPD) Typical figures will be between 100 and 200 per day; substantially higher figures are achieved in some cities, while in others much lower figures are achieved. Calculation: Total kilometers operated during a period, divided by total number of buses licensed in that period, andthen divided by
SAMPLE BOILER PLATE CLAUSES T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 83 m o d u l 1 e m o d u PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TA PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TA PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods.SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andPERU | PPIAF
Peru has a strong PPP regulation structure in place, which applies to any kind of infrastructure, including transport, energy, telecommunications, sanitation, social infrastructure, prisons, housing, and tourism projects. The government has recently enacted a new PPP law through Legislative Decree 1224 (published on September 25, 2015) and its regulation through Supreme DecreePROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. MANAGING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Managing Contingent Liabilities in Public-Private Partnerships Practice in Australia, Chile, and South Africa Timothy Irwin TanyaMokdad
CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ACCRA A study of urban transport planning and traffic management for the greater Accra metropolitan area. A pre-feasibility study for a potential bus rapid transit project in Accra. A pre-feasibility study covering, inter alia, passengers’ willingness to pay for transport. service improvements and their implied value of time. AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership. It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is significantly higher than at weekends. It is the peak hour weekday figure that determines the required capacity of the bus system. EXAMPLES OF SEVERANCE FORMULAS AND PAYMENTS Examples of Severance Formulas and Payments Economy/ Key features of Source for enterprise voluntary departure Other features furtherdetails
PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods.SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ACCRA A study of urban transport planning and traffic management for the greater Accra metropolitan area. A pre-feasibility study for a potential bus rapid transit project in Accra. A pre-feasibility study covering, inter alia, passengers’ willingness to pay for transport. service improvements and their implied value of time. MANAGING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Managing Contingent Liabilities in Public-Private Partnerships Practice in Australia, Chile, and South Africa Timothy Irwin TanyaMokdad
AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership. It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is significantly higher than at weekends. It is the peak hour weekday figure that determines the required capacity of the bus system. TOTAL POPULATION IN SERVICE AREA Total population in service area It is important that the total population in the area served by the bus system is known. This is a key parameter against which others, such as the number of buses operated or the number of passengers carried, can be compared. EXAMPLES OF SEVERANCE FORMULAS AND PAYMENTS Examples of Severance Formulas and Payments Economy/ Key features of Source for enterprise voluntary departure Other features furtherdetails
PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods.SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ACCRA A study of urban transport planning and traffic management for the greater Accra metropolitan area. A pre-feasibility study for a potential bus rapid transit project in Accra. A pre-feasibility study covering, inter alia, passengers’ willingness to pay for transport. service improvements and their implied value of time. MANAGING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Managing Contingent Liabilities in Public-Private Partnerships Practice in Australia, Chile, and South Africa Timothy Irwin TanyaMokdad
AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership. It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is significantly higher than at weekends. It is the peak hour weekday figure that determines the required capacity of the bus system. TOTAL POPULATION IN SERVICE AREA Total population in service area It is important that the total population in the area served by the bus system is known. This is a key parameter against which others, such as the number of buses operated or the number of passengers carried, can be compared. EXAMPLES OF SEVERANCE FORMULAS AND PAYMENTS Examples of Severance Formulas and Payments Economy/ Key features of Source for enterprise voluntary departure Other features furtherdetails
PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. This toolkit is based on international experiences with railway reform under a range of railway MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION If consultation is meant to seek views about the nature of the changes to be made from a range of stakeholders, negotiation is intended to agree on the terms of those changes with the people directly affected by them. In practice, negotiation–as a specific form of engagement–will usually involve investors, workers and trade unions,and
GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route planning always lags changes in demand. In theory, market forces will eventually lead to an optimal transport system. But in practice this evolution, which effectively is by trial and error, would take considerable time. And since cities are constantly growing MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods.SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ACCRA A study of urban transport planning and traffic management for the greater Accra metropolitan area. A pre-feasibility study for a potential bus rapid transit project in Accra. A pre-feasibility study covering, inter alia, passengers’ willingness to pay for transport. service improvements and their implied value of time. MANAGING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Managing Contingent Liabilities in Public-Private Partnerships Practice in Australia, Chile, and South Africa Timothy Irwin TanyaMokdad
AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership. It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is significantly higher than at weekends. It is the peak hour weekday figure that determines the required capacity of the bus system. TOTAL POPULATION IN SERVICE AREA Total population in service area It is important that the total population in the area served by the bus system is known. This is a key parameter against which others, such as the number of buses operated or the number of passengers carried, can be compared. EXAMPLES OF SEVERANCE FORMULAS AND PAYMENTS Examples of Severance Formulas and Payments Economy/ Key features of Source for enterprise voluntary departure Other features furtherdetails
PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION Box 6.5: Ghana Port Reform–Working Effectively with Unions. The Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority (GPHA) is to be converted into a "landlord" port authority whereas the private sector will participate in port operations, particularly container handling operations, dock yards management, sites maintenance, and GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route Planning A public transport system must accommodate a very large number of individual trips. It’s not possible to provide direct public transport routes to meet all requirements But it’s possible to go a long way towards achieving this by providing a network of routes , so that passengers can make complex journeys by using a combination of routes. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. PPIAF | A MULTI-DONOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYABOUT USCOUNTRIESSECTORSFOCUS AREARESULTSSUB-NATIONAL TAPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP APPLICATION ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCEPPP FORGIVENESS ASSISTANCE PPIAF is a multi-donor technical assistance facility that is financed by 17 multilateral and bilateral donors. Our primary objective is to help our clients build and strengthen institutions, develop capacity, and increase creditworthiness. PPIAF provides technical assistance grants to governments to support the creation of a sound enabling environment for the provision ofABOUT US | PPIAF
Globally, the need for more and better infrastructure is critical, especially in the face of challenges such as urbanization, climate change, and conflict. Public resources alone cannot meet these needs, making private sector participation essential. The Public – Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, andPPP MODALITIES
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 62 m o d u l 1 e m o d uDRAWBACKS OF PPP
T o o l k i T f o r P u b l i c - P r i v a T e P a r T n e r s h i P s i n r o a d s & h i g h w a y s 28 m o d u l 1 e m o d uKENYA | PPIAF
Kenya has made significant progress in the PPP landscape over the past few years. Guidelines were passed in 2009, marking the first set of regulations governing concession projects. Previously, projects were awarded based on general law, and subsequently through the law governing public procurement. The 2009 Guidelines were followed by the PPP Act in 2013, which governs RAILWAY REFORM: TOOLKIT FOR IMPROVING RAIL SECTOR PERFORMANCE This Railway Reform Toolkit aims to provide aneasy-to-use resource on the rail industry —what it is and what it does best— and to provide an experience-based set of best practices to aid inthe planning and execution of railway reforms. MODULE 6 ENGAGING WITH STAKEHOLDERS :: NEGOTIATION Box 6.5: Ghana Port Reform–Working Effectively with Unions. The Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority (GPHA) is to be converted into a "landlord" port authority whereas the private sector will participate in port operations, particularly container handling operations, dock yards management, sites maintenance, and GLOSSARY OF PORT AND SHIPPING TERMS concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. The concessionaire bears the commer- FACTORS INFLUENCING BUS SYSTEM EFFICIENCY / ROUTE PLANNING Route Planning A public transport system must accommodate a very large number of individual trips. It’s not possible to provide direct public transport routes to meet all requirements But it’s possible to go a long way towards achieving this by providing a network of routes , so that passengers can make complex journeys by using a combination of routes. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods.SEARCH | PPIAF
Donor Level Access. Other Sites in the PPP NetworkPPP Network REDUCING NON-REVENUE WATER IN ETHIOPIA Non-revenue water (NRW) is one of the largest sources of water losses in the world. A 2006 PPIAF study estimated nearly 49 billion cubic meters of NRW is lost each year – enough water to supply over 1.3 billion people. NRW is also a huge challenge to the financial viability of water utilities, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPIAF is working with Addis Ababa Water andPROJECT FINANCE
1. Introduction T his Project F inance manual pro vides mana gers of public-pri vate par tner ship (PPP) projects with a broad under standing of the process around project f inancing . Although the respon - sibility for arranging project financing lies with the private sector participant(s), all stake- MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models Port Functions, Services, and Administration Models. Ports produce a combination of public and private goods. MODULE 1 LABOR TOOLKIT: FRAMEWORK AND OVERVIEW Labor Toolkit: Framework and Overview FRAMEWORK. Where labor adjustments are required it is important to ensure that labor programs are fully planned for in the PPI reform process. MODULE 3 ALTERNATIVE PORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models. This module, the third of eight comprising the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit, lays out an array of alternative port management and control structures, and explains for each structure the respective roles most likely to be filled by the public and private sectors. CASE STUDIES SUMMARY : ACCRA Summary. Bus system characteristics Regulatory regime Inefficient network design Inefficient operating procedures Inadequate transport infrastructure and traffic management MANAGING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Managing Contingent Liabilities in Public-Private Partnerships Practice in Australia, Chile, and South Africa Timothy Irwin TanyaMokdad
AVERAGE DAILY RIDERSHIP Average Daily Ridership It is useful to know the total number of passengers traveling on average each day. In most cities, the number of passengers traveling on working days is EXAMPLES OF SEVERANCE FORMULAS AND PAYMENTS Examples of Severance Formulas and Payments Economy/ Key features of Source for enterprise voluntary departure Other features furtherdetails
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Search the PPIAF Website NEW: A PRACTICE NOTE ON ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ONOPERATIONAL PPPS
The note discusses key operational considerations when trying to maintain services during the COVID-19 crisis and recalibrating a PPP project in the short-term Read more ›HIGHLIGHTS
* PPIAF Annual Report 2020 * New: Global Review of Public Infrastructure Funds* COVID-19 update
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The Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) helps developing-country governments strengthen policies, regulations, and institutions that enable sustainable infrastructure with private-sector participation. As part of these efforts, PPIAF promotes knowledge-transfer by capturing lessons while funding research and tools; builds capacity to scale infrastructure delivery; and assists sub-national entities in accessing financing without sovereign guarantees. Donor-supported and administered by the World Bank, our work helps generate hundreds of millions in infrastructure investment. While many initiatives focus on structuring and financing infrastructure projects with private participation, PPIAF sets the stage to make this possible. Learn more about working with us or download our brochure.
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