Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
More Annotations
A complete backup of https://thereportertimes.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://paycomonne.tk
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://mrtzcmp3.net
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://alsurea.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://cardiffstudentmedia.co.uk
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://wusatv9.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://carraro.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://kxro.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://socan.ca
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://payzone.co.uk
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://oredev.org
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://moberlymonitor.com
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Favourite Annotations
A complete backup of https://www.escobarvip.me/izmirli-seda/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://bfu-tournaments.com/news/11193
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://chinaq.me/cn190806/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://libros.plus/autores/vanesa-jimenez-guerrero/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://isoroms.com/football-pcsx2-download/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://libros.plus/nemesis-edicion-bilingue/
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://cuevana3.io/32172/the-haunting-of-alcatraz
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://www.kaufmich.com/Esraa19
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
A complete backup of https://dramasq.com/jp190708/1.html
Are you over 18 and want to see adult content?
Text
the voltage
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
A LONG-WAVE SWR METER A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
FIELD STRENGTH AND RECEIVED POWER TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
A LONG-WAVE SWR METER A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
FIELD STRENGTH AND RECEIVED POWER TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH FIELD REGIONS AROUND AN ANTENNA Determining the size of the regions. The reactive near-field region radius r 1 is determined by the following equation: . Where d is the maximum dimension of the antenna and λ is the wavelength.. The radiating near-field region radius r 2 is defined by the following equation: . Of course, λ can be found with: Where f is the frequency and c 0 is the speed of light, c 0 = 299'792'458 m/s. ROLL LENGTH CALCULATOR Derivation of the exact formula. To calculate the exact length of the spiral, we write the equation of the curve in polar coordinates: Here ρ is the distance between the axis as a function of the angle φ.φ is expressed in radians and is 0 at the beginning and increases by 2π every turn. So, every turn the radius ρ increases by h.. To calculate φ we proceed as we did before to calculate N FIELD STRENGTH AND RECEIVED POWER With this information, we can calculate the electric field strength E = 1.1 mV/m, the magnetic field strength H = 2.9 μA/m and the power density S = 3.2 nW/m2 . If we wanted to know what is the received power by this same mobile phone when the electric field strength is, say, 1 V/m, we can use the calculator in the other way and we get Pr A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER Introduction. A VU-meter is a very common instrument usually installed on audio Hi-Fi amplifiers and is used to show the instantaneous power provided to the speakers. It is usually connected at the output of the amplifier, in parallel with the speaker. The term "VU" stands for Volume Unit and should be defined with 0 VU being equal to +4 dBm A LONG-WAVE SWR METER The Ferroxcube TN25/15/10-3F3 toroidal ferrite core was selected, mainly because it was available in the junk box. This core has an A L of 1.84 μH, a μ of 1800, has an external diameter of 25.8 mm, an internal diameter of 14 mm and is 10.6 mm high. It's important to use a core with a high A L and a high μ in order to get enough inductancewith 25 turns.
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
POWER AND AMPLITUDE: WATTS, VOLTS AND REFERENCED DECIBELS The most common unit is the dBm (pronounce "d-B-m") also known as dBmW or decibel-milliwatt: it's just the power level in dB compared to a reference power of p0 = 1 mW. Sometimes also dBW are used and they express the power ratio relative to p0 = 1 W, but they are not very common. As shown in the above plot, the logarithmic effect of the AMATEUR RADIO INFORMAL Q-CODE Amateur radio international Q-code. Amateur radio operators use a subset of the full international Q-code and they use it extensively still today. In many countries, learning this code is necessary to obtain a ham radio license; the exact subset used may slightly vary from country to country. EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURE The "thermometer problem" Let's take the example of measuring the temperature of a liquid. We call T c the temperature of the liquid and this is the value we are looking for. Now, we have a thermometer that is initially at a different temperature, T 0.When we put the thermometer in the liquid, heat is transferred between the liquid and the thermometer until the latter reaches the same BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURE Backbody radiation in the visible spectrum at 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200 and 1250 K. As one can see, as the temperature increases, the portion of short wavelengths emitted increases as well. At 800 K, only some red wavelengths can be seen, but at higher temperatures orange and yellow start to appear and at1'250 K there is
S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CRYSTAL PARAMETERS CALCULATOR Now connect the crystal directly (position 3) and look for maximum output (frequency f s3) and also for the minimum one (frequency f p ). The frequency response of this filter looks something like the figure above. You will always get f s3 < f s2 < f s1 < f p. Now, just enter those values in the form below and hit the "calculate" button. CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CRYSTAL PARAMETERS CALCULATOR Now connect the crystal directly (position 3) and look for maximum output (frequency f s3) and also for the minimum one (frequency f p ). The frequency response of this filter looks something like the figure above. You will always get f s3 < f s2 < f s1 < f p. Now, just enter those values in the form below and hit the "calculate" button. CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. ROLL LENGTH CALCULATOR Derivation of the exact formula. To calculate the exact length of the spiral, we write the equation of the curve in polar coordinates: Here ρ is the distance between the axis as a function of the angle φ.φ is expressed in radians and is 0 at the beginning and increases by 2π every turn. So, every turn the radius ρ increases by h.. To calculate φ we proceed as we did before to calculate N A LONG-WAVE SWR METER The Ferroxcube TN25/15/10-3F3 toroidal ferrite core was selected, mainly because it was available in the junk box. This core has an A L of 1.84 μH, a μ of 1800, has an external diameter of 25.8 mm, an internal diameter of 14 mm and is 10.6 mm high. It's important to use a core with a high A L and a high μ in order to get enough inductancewith 25 turns.
TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
FIELD STRENGTH AND RECEIVED POWER With this information, we can calculate the electric field strength E = 1.1 mV/m, the magnetic field strength H = 2.9 μA/m and the power density S = 3.2 nW/m2 . If we wanted to know what is the received power by this same mobile phone when the electric field strength is, say, 1 V/m, we can use the calculator in the other way and we get Pr AMATEUR RADIO INFORMAL Q-CODE Amateur radio international Q-code. Amateur radio operators use a subset of the full international Q-code and they use it extensively still today. In many countries, learning this code is necessary to obtain a ham radio license; the exact subset used may slightly vary from country to country. POWER AND AMPLITUDE: WATTS, VOLTS AND REFERENCED DECIBELS The most common unit is the dBm (pronounce "d-B-m") also known as dBmW or decibel-milliwatt: it's just the power level in dB compared to a reference power of p0 = 1 mW. Sometimes also dBW are used and they express the power ratio relative to p0 = 1 W, but they are not very common. As shown in the above plot, the logarithmic effect of theTHE TANDEM MATCH
The "tandem match coupler" or "Sontheimer bridge" is a very interesting and tricky circuit. It was invented by C. G. Sontheimer in 1966 (patent number US 3,426,298) and derives directly from the telephone hybrid that was known long before. It's more a directional coupler than an impedance bridge. BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURE Backbody radiation in the visible spectrum at 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200 and 1250 K. As one can see, as the temperature increases, the portion of short wavelengths emitted increases as well. At 800 K, only some red wavelengths can be seen, but at higher temperatures orange and yellow start to appear and at1'250 K there is
S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CHDETERMINING POWER FACTORHOME POWER FACTORPOWER FACTOR TESTPOWER FACTOR UNITWHAT IS THE POWER FACTORWHAT IS A POWER FACTOR S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CHDETERMINING POWER FACTORHOME POWER FACTORPOWER FACTOR TESTPOWER FACTOR UNITWHAT IS THE POWER FACTORWHAT IS A POWER FACTOR WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. MOON PHASE CALCULATOR Next events: Last quarter: in 4 days 2 hours 48 minutes, on Wednesday, June 2, 2021 at 0:24. New moon: in 12 days 6 hours 17 minutes, on Thursday, June 10, 2021 at 3:53 Annular Solar Eclipse. First quarter: in 19 days 23 hours 18 minutes, on Thursday, June 17, 2021 at 20:54. Full moon: in 26 days 14 hours 4 minutes, on Thursday, June 24, 2021 CRYSTAL PARAMETERS CALCULATOR Now connect the crystal directly (position 3) and look for maximum output (frequency f s3) and also for the minimum one (frequency f p ). The frequency response of this filter looks something like the figure above. You will always get f s3 < f s2 < f s1 < f p. Now, just enter those values in the form below and hit the "calculate" button. FIELD REGIONS AROUND AN ANTENNA Determining the size of the regions. The reactive near-field region radius r 1 is determined by the following equation: . Where d is the maximum dimension of the antenna and λ is the wavelength.. The radiating near-field region radius r 2 is defined by the following equation: . Of course, λ can be found with: Where f is the frequency and c 0 is the speed of light, c 0 = 299'792'458 m/s. AMATEUR RADIO INFORMAL Q-CODE Amateur radio international Q-code. Amateur radio operators use a subset of the full international Q-code and they use it extensively still today. In many countries, learning this code is necessary to obtain a ham radio license; the exact subset used may slightly vary from country to country. THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
POWER AND AMPLITUDE: WATTS, VOLTS AND REFERENCED DECIBELS The most common unit is the dBm (pronounce "d-B-m") also known as dBmW or decibel-milliwatt: it's just the power level in dB compared to a reference power of p0 = 1 mW. Sometimes also dBW are used and they express the power ratio relative to p0 = 1 W, but they are not very common. As shown in the above plot, the logarithmic effect of the CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
THE TANDEM MATCH
The "tandem match coupler" or "Sontheimer bridge" is a very interesting and tricky circuit. It was invented by C. G. Sontheimer in 1966 (patent number US 3,426,298) and derives directly from the telephone hybrid that was known long before. It's more a directional coupler than an impedance bridge. S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CHDETERMINING POWER FACTORHOME POWER FACTORPOWER FACTOR TESTPOWER FACTOR UNITWHAT IS THE POWER FACTORWHAT IS A POWER FACTOR S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CHDETERMINING POWER FACTORHOME POWER FACTORPOWER FACTOR TESTPOWER FACTOR UNITWHAT IS THE POWER FACTORWHAT IS A POWER FACTOR WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. MOON PHASE CALCULATOR Next events: Last quarter: in 4 days 2 hours 48 minutes, on Wednesday, June 2, 2021 at 0:24. New moon: in 12 days 6 hours 17 minutes, on Thursday, June 10, 2021 at 3:53 Annular Solar Eclipse. First quarter: in 19 days 23 hours 18 minutes, on Thursday, June 17, 2021 at 20:54. Full moon: in 26 days 14 hours 4 minutes, on Thursday, June 24, 2021 CRYSTAL PARAMETERS CALCULATOR Now connect the crystal directly (position 3) and look for maximum output (frequency f s3) and also for the minimum one (frequency f p ). The frequency response of this filter looks something like the figure above. You will always get f s3 < f s2 < f s1 < f p. Now, just enter those values in the form below and hit the "calculate" button. FIELD REGIONS AROUND AN ANTENNA Determining the size of the regions. The reactive near-field region radius r 1 is determined by the following equation: . Where d is the maximum dimension of the antenna and λ is the wavelength.. The radiating near-field region radius r 2 is defined by the following equation: . Of course, λ can be found with: Where f is the frequency and c 0 is the speed of light, c 0 = 299'792'458 m/s. AMATEUR RADIO INFORMAL Q-CODE Amateur radio international Q-code. Amateur radio operators use a subset of the full international Q-code and they use it extensively still today. In many countries, learning this code is necessary to obtain a ham radio license; the exact subset used may slightly vary from country to country. THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
POWER AND AMPLITUDE: WATTS, VOLTS AND REFERENCED DECIBELS The most common unit is the dBm (pronounce "d-B-m") also known as dBmW or decibel-milliwatt: it's just the power level in dB compared to a reference power of p0 = 1 mW. Sometimes also dBW are used and they express the power ratio relative to p0 = 1 W, but they are not very common. As shown in the above plot, the logarithmic effect of the CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
THE TANDEM MATCH
The "tandem match coupler" or "Sontheimer bridge" is a very interesting and tricky circuit. It was invented by C. G. Sontheimer in 1966 (patent number US 3,426,298) and derives directly from the telephone hybrid that was known long before. It's more a directional coupler than an impedance bridge. S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLIES Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are now standard for the majority of our home appliances. Old fashioned linear power supplies based on mains frequency transformers are disappearing, mainly because of their cost, their large size and weight. We're taking here about mains voltage (say 120 V or 230 V AC) power supplies with power ranging froma
MEASURING THE POWER FACTOR WITH THE THREE VOLTMETERS METHODSEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CHDETERMINING POWER FACTORHOME POWER FACTORPOWER FACTOR TESTPOWER FACTOR UNITWHAT IS THE POWER FACTORWHAT IS A POWER FACTOR S-METER AND SIGNAL STRENGTH The S-meter is an instrument present on the majority of radio receivers that measures the strength of the signal that is being received, and uses a special unit: the S-point. S-points are often used for RST reports. S-points go from S1 to S9 and each S-point is defined as a 6 dB change in signal strength. This means that each timethe voltage
THE BEROMÜNSTER MAIN ANTENNA SIMULATION The main antenna of the Beromünster transmitter is a self supporting tower 215 m high. Its base is insulated from ground and connected to the feeder via a matching network. At 150 m above ground a variable coil is inserted in series with the mast and adjusted for the desired radiation pattern. On top of the antenna there is a small capacitivehat.
CONVERSION BETWEEN FIELD STREGNTH AND RECEIVED POWERSEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. A SIMPLE PASSIVE LOGARITHMIC VU-METER THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
EXTRAPOLATING EXPONENTIAL DECAY FUNCTIONS AND TEMPERATURESEE MORE ONGIANGRANDI.CH
BLACK BODY RADIATION AND COLOR TEMPERATURESEE MORE ON GIANGRANDI.CH WELCOME ON GIANGRANDI.CH Page hits: 628506 Created: 10.2002: Last update: 08.2020 CALCULATING HEAT SINKS Five characteristics can be found in the above table: R th,J-C, R th,J-A, P tot @ T A, P tot @ T C and T J.. R th,J-C is the thermal resistance between the semiconductor junction (say the silicon chip) and the case (or the part of the case that is supposed to be mounted on a heat sink).. R th,J-A is the thermal resistance between the junction (chip) and the ambient directly. MOON PHASE CALCULATOR Next events: Last quarter: in 4 days 2 hours 48 minutes, on Wednesday, June 2, 2021 at 0:24. New moon: in 12 days 6 hours 17 minutes, on Thursday, June 10, 2021 at 3:53 Annular Solar Eclipse. First quarter: in 19 days 23 hours 18 minutes, on Thursday, June 17, 2021 at 20:54. Full moon: in 26 days 14 hours 4 minutes, on Thursday, June 24, 2021 CRYSTAL PARAMETERS CALCULATOR Now connect the crystal directly (position 3) and look for maximum output (frequency f s3) and also for the minimum one (frequency f p ). The frequency response of this filter looks something like the figure above. You will always get f s3 < f s2 < f s1 < f p. Now, just enter those values in the form below and hit the "calculate" button. FIELD REGIONS AROUND AN ANTENNA Determining the size of the regions. The reactive near-field region radius r 1 is determined by the following equation: . Where d is the maximum dimension of the antenna and λ is the wavelength.. The radiating near-field region radius r 2 is defined by the following equation: . Of course, λ can be found with: Where f is the frequency and c 0 is the speed of light, c 0 = 299'792'458 m/s. AMATEUR RADIO INFORMAL Q-CODE Amateur radio international Q-code. Amateur radio operators use a subset of the full international Q-code and they use it extensively still today. In many countries, learning this code is necessary to obtain a ham radio license; the exact subset used may slightly vary from country to country. THE BEROMÜNSTER TRANSMITTER The Beromünster transmitter started broadcasting on May 1 st, 1931 with a power of 60 kW and a frequency of 556 kHz (539.6 m). In 1933 the power was increased to 100 kW. In 1939 a new anti-fading antenna was built. In 1947 the power was increased to 200 kW. In 1948 as a consequence of the Copenhagen frequency plan, the transmitter wasmoved to
POWER AND AMPLITUDE: WATTS, VOLTS AND REFERENCED DECIBELS The most common unit is the dBm (pronounce "d-B-m") also known as dBmW or decibel-milliwatt: it's just the power level in dB compared to a reference power of p0 = 1 mW. Sometimes also dBW are used and they express the power ratio relative to p0 = 1 W, but they are not very common. As shown in the above plot, the logarithmic effect of the CRYSTAL LADDER FILTER CALCULATOR Crystal ladder filter calculator. Calculation result: Not computed yet. After hitting the "Calculate" button the characteristics of the filter are shown. First there is a summary of the data entered for the calculation (for easier cut & paste), than there is the maximum possible bandwidth with the current settings (but the filter iscalculated
THE TANDEM MATCH
The "tandem match coupler" or "Sontheimer bridge" is a very interesting and tricky circuit. It was invented by C. G. Sontheimer in 1966 (patent number US 3,426,298) and derives directly from the telephone hybrid that was known long before. It's more a directional coupler than an impedance bridge. -------------------------WELCOME ON
------------------------- Let's talk about electronics Let's talk about mechanics Let's talk about optics Software and algorithms Search www.giangrandi.ch About www.giangrandi.chRead my disclaimer
-------------------------Page hits: 589578
Created: 10.2002
Last update: 08.2020 -------------------------Details
Copyright © 2024 ArchiveBay.com. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | DMCA | 2021 | Feedback | Advertising | RSS 2.0