MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI ELBOW ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI ELBOW ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC MSK MRI

Basic MSK MRI. There are two fundamental tenets of MSK imaging: Therefore, basic MR protocols include anatomy defining sequences such as: T1, GRE's and Proton Density (PD or 1st echo T2) and fluid sensitive sequences such as Inversion Recovery (IR) and PD fat saturation, although there is overlap between them. T1 post-intrarticular and post

BASIC-ANKLE-MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-ELBOW-MRI

Elbow imaging requires protocols and coil selection that can accommodate both large (triceps/biceps tendons) and very small structures (collateral ligaments). Sagittal T1. Coronal PD fat suppressed. Axial T1. Axial PD fat suppresse.

CONTACT

Contact Us. First Name. Last Name. E-mail. Phone. How can we help you?

Send Message.

BASIC HIP MRI

Basic HIP MRI. Since hip pathology is often bilateral (e.g., osteoarthrosis, avascular necrosis), the routine hip protocol uses a large field of view (torso or body coil). In cases where pathology is unilateral (such as a labral tear during an MR arthrogram) a smaller field of view should be used by employing a dedicated surface coil to

keep

KNEE_CHECK

Associations: - Arcuate sign/fibular head avulsion fx. Popliteus tendon. Biceps Femoris tendon ( T1 for anatomy) Iliotibial band ( T1 for anatomy) Cartilage. Bone

PD-CHART

600ms. 20ms. PD. 2000ms. 20ms. T2. 2000ms. 80ms. Note how PD is actually intermediate-weighted between T1 and T2 and how it is actually often the 1st echo of the dual-echo T2 sequence.

SNR

Parameters that increase signal to noise ratio (while keeping all other parameters constant) include: Increased matrix. Decreased slice thickness. Decreased field of view. MRI imaging is a balance between spatial resolution and signal to noise ratio, with acquisition time

limiting both.

BLADDER

Sequences compared: The high signal intensity of the adipose tissue on the PD and T2 sequence is due to the use of a Fast Spin Echo (FSE) technique and can be a

MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI ELBOW ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI ELBOW ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

BASIC MSK MRI

Basic MSK MRI. There are two fundamental tenets of MSK imaging: Therefore, basic MR protocols include anatomy defining sequences such as: T1, GRE's and Proton Density (PD or 1st echo T2) and fluid sensitive sequences such as Inversion Recovery (IR) and PD fat saturation, although there is overlap between them. T1 post-intrarticular and post

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC-ANKLE-MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-ELBOW-MRI

Elbow imaging requires protocols and coil selection that can accommodate both large (triceps/biceps tendons) and very small structures (collateral ligaments). Sagittal T1. Coronal PD fat suppressed. Axial T1. Axial PD fat suppresse.

CONTACT

Contact Us. First Name. Last Name. E-mail. Phone. How can we help you?

Send Message.

BASIC HIP MRI

Basic HIP MRI. Since hip pathology is often bilateral (e.g., osteoarthrosis, avascular necrosis), the routine hip protocol uses a large field of view (torso or body coil). In cases where pathology is unilateral (such as a labral tear during an MR arthrogram) a smaller field of view should be used by employing a dedicated surface coil to

keep

KNEE_CHECK

Associations: - Arcuate sign/fibular head avulsion fx. Popliteus tendon. Biceps Femoris tendon ( T1 for anatomy) Iliotibial band ( T1 for anatomy) Cartilage. Bone

PD-CHART

600ms. 20ms. PD. 2000ms. 20ms. T2. 2000ms. 80ms. Note how PD is actually intermediate-weighted between T1 and T2 and how it is actually often the 1st echo of the dual-echo T2 sequence.

SNR

Parameters that increase signal to noise ratio (while keeping all other parameters constant) include: Increased matrix. Decreased slice thickness. Decreased field of view. MRI imaging is a balance between spatial resolution and signal to noise ratio, with acquisition time

limiting both.

BLADDER

Sequences compared: The high signal intensity of the adipose tissue on the PD and T2 sequence is due to the use of a Fast Spin Echo (FSE) technique and can be a

MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC HIP MRI

Basic HIP MRI. Since hip pathology is often bilateral (e.g., osteoarthrosis, avascular necrosis), the routine hip protocol uses a large field of view (torso or body coil). In cases where pathology is unilateral (such as a labral tear during an MR arthrogram) a smaller field of view should be used by employing a dedicated surface coil to

keep

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

MUSCULOSKELETAL MRI

About Anatomy MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of

MRI WRIST ANATOMY

Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

MRI SHOULDER ANATOMY Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC KNEE MRI

The Coronal PD fat suppressed sequence is designed for the evaluation of the collateral supporting structures, especially when an injury is acute/subacute. Meniscal tears are also often detectable in the coronal plane. Inversion recovery (above left) is the most sensitive sequence for detection of bone marrow edema and in the axial plane

also

KNEE - FREITASRAD.NET Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.

BASIC WRIST MRI

Basic Wrist MRI. Wrist imaging requires a small dedicated surface coil that allows for evaluation of very small structures such as the triangular fibrocartilage and

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC HIP MRI

Basic HIP MRI. Since hip pathology is often bilateral (e.g., osteoarthrosis, avascular necrosis), the routine hip protocol uses a large field of view (torso or body coil). In cases where pathology is unilateral (such as a labral tear during an MR arthrogram) a smaller field of view should be used by employing a dedicated surface coil to

keep

SHOULDER_ARTHROGRAM

MRI Shoulder Arthrogram Anatomy. Scroll using the mouse wheel or the

arrows.

BASIC-SHOULDER-MRI

The sequence evaluates the acromial arch, including acromial inferior cortex, acromioclavicular joint, and coraco-acromioligament. Shoulder Sagittal Proton density, fat suppressed FSE: This sequence is a 'second look' at the distal rotator cuff tendons. The plane can also be angled obliquely to be more perpendicular to the tendons at

insertion.

BASIC MSK MRI

Basic MSK MRI. There are two fundamental tenets of MSK imaging: Therefore, basic MR protocols include anatomy defining sequences such as: T1, GRE's and Proton Density (PD or 1st echo T2) and fluid sensitive sequences such as Inversion Recovery (IR) and PD fat saturation, although there is overlap between them. T1 post-intrarticular and post

BASIC ANKLE MRI

Routine ankle sequences include: Sagittal T1 and IR allow for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, plantar aponeurosis, talar dome, subtalar facets and Sinus Tarsi. Axial PD fat suppression evaluates the tendons and ligaments of the ankle particularly after acute/subacute injuries. It also is sensitive to talar dome osteochondral defects.

BASIC-ELBOW-MRI

Elbow imaging requires protocols and coil selection that can accommodate both large (triceps/biceps tendons) and very small structures (collateral ligaments). Sagittal T1. Coronal PD fat suppressed. Axial T1. Axial PD fat suppresse.

BASIC HIP MRI

Basic HIP MRI. Since hip pathology is often bilateral (e.g., osteoarthrosis, avascular necrosis), the routine hip protocol uses a large field of view (torso or body coil). In cases where pathology is unilateral (such as a labral tear during an MR arthrogram) a smaller field of view should be used by employing a dedicated surface coil to

keep

CONTACT

Contact Us. First Name. Last Name. E-mail. Phone. How can we help you?

Send Message.

KNEE_CHECK - FREITASRAD.NET Associations: - Arcuate sign/fibular head avulsion fx. Popliteus tendon. Biceps Femoris tendon ( T1 for anatomy) Iliotibial band ( T1 for anatomy) Cartilage. Bone

SNR

Parameters that increase signal to noise ratio (while keeping all other parameters constant) include: Increased matrix. Decreased slice thickness. Decreased field of view. MRI imaging is a balance between spatial resolution and signal to noise ratio, with acquisition time

limiting both.

PD-CHART

600ms. 20ms. PD. 2000ms. 20ms. T2. 2000ms. 80ms. Note how PD is actually intermediate-weighted between T1 and T2 and how it is actually often the 1st echo of the dual-echo T2 sequence. BLADDER - FREITASRAD.NET Sequences compared: The high signal intensity of the adipose tissue on the PD and T2 sequence is due to the use of a Fast Spin Echo (FSE) technique and can be a

*

*

ATLAS

* Knee

*

* Shoulder

*

* Shoulder Arthrogram

*

* Ankle

*

* Elbow

*

* Wrist

MSK MRI

* Basic MSK MRI

KNEE

* Anatomy

*

* Basic Knee MRI

*

* Checklist

SHOULDER

* Anatomy

*

* Arthrogram Anatomy

*

* Basic Shoulder MRI

ANKLE

* Anatomy

*

* Basic Ankle MRI

ELBOW

* Anatomy

*

* Basic Elbow MRI

WRIST

* Wrist

*

* Basic Wrist MRI

HIP

* Hip

*

* Basic Hip MRI

CONTACT

ABOUT ANATOMY MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of human anatomy. I designed Musculoskeletal MRI specifically with the radiology resident in mind but anyone is welcome to the site. It includes a very simplified approach to the mri imaging sequences and the thought process behind why we use those sequences. Images are stacked for scrolling so that they can be viewed in the same way a radiologist would view them while evaluating a patient.

KNEE SHOULDER

SHOULDER ARTHROGRAM

ANKLE

ELBOW

WRIST HIP

CONTACT

Copyright (c) 2005-2020 Alex Freitas, MD. All rights reserved. Freitasrad is for educational purposes only and should not be used for

medical treatment.