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"against, in
SEARCH | SEARCH ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language. SELF | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF SELF BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY self (pron.) Old English self, seolf, sylf "one's own person, -self; own, same," from Proto-Germanic *selbaz (source also of Old Norse sjalfr, Old Frisian self, Dutch zelf, Old High German selb, German selb, selbst, Gothic silba), Proto-Germanic *selbaz "self," from PIE *sel-bho-, suffixed form of root *s(w)e-, pronoun of the third person and reflexive (referring back to the subject of a TRUTH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF TRUTH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY truth (n.) Old English triewð (West Saxon), treowð (Mercian) "faith, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty; veracity, quality of being true; pledge, covenant," from Germanic abstract noun *treuwitho, from Proto-Germanic treuwaz "having or characterized by good faith," from PIE *drew-o-, a suffixed form of the root *deru-"be firm, solid, steadfast." With Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see RACISM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF RACISM BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY racism (n.) by 1928, in common use from 1935, originally in a European context, "racial supremacy as a doctrine, the theory that human characteristics and abilities are determined by race;" see racist, and compare the various senses in race (n.2) and racialism.Applied to CLEMENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CLEMENT BY ONLINE CLEMENT Meaning: "mild in temper or disposition" (attested from early 13c. as a surname), from Old French clement, from See definitions ofclement.
PALESTINE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE NAME PALESTINE BY Palestine . from Latin Palestina (name of a Roman province), from Greek Palaistinē (Herodotus), from Hebrew Pelesheth "Philistia, land of the Philistines" (see Philistine).In Josephus, the country of the Philistines; extended under Roman rule to all Judea and later to Samaria and Galilee. Revived as an official political territorial name 1920 with the British mandate. BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language. BEAUTIFUL | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BEAUTIFUL BY ONLINE beautiful (adj.) mid-15c., "pleasing to the eye (or ear) or mind or soul," from beauty + -ful. The beautiful people "the fashionable set" first attested 1964 in "Vogue" magazine (it also was the title of a 1941 play by U.S. dramatist William Saroyan). As a noun, "that which possesses beauty," from 1756. House Beautiful is from "Pilgrim's WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
SEARCH | SEARCH ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language. SELF | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF SELF BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY self (pron.) Old English self, seolf, sylf "one's own person, -self; own, same," from Proto-Germanic *selbaz (source also of Old Norse sjalfr, Old Frisian self, Dutch zelf, Old High German selb, German selb, selbst, Gothic silba), Proto-Germanic *selbaz "self," from PIE *sel-bho-, suffixed form of root *s(w)e-, pronoun of the third person and reflexive (referring back to the subject of a TRUTH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF TRUTH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY truth (n.) Old English triewð (West Saxon), treowð (Mercian) "faith, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty; veracity, quality of being true; pledge, covenant," from Germanic abstract noun *treuwitho, from Proto-Germanic treuwaz "having or characterized by good faith," from PIE *drew-o-, a suffixed form of the root *deru-"be firm, solid, steadfast." With Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see RACISM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF RACISM BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY racism (n.) by 1928, in common use from 1935, originally in a European context, "racial supremacy as a doctrine, the theory that human characteristics and abilities are determined by race;" see racist, and compare the various senses in race (n.2) and racialism.Applied to CLEMENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CLEMENT BY ONLINE CLEMENT Meaning: "mild in temper or disposition" (attested from early 13c. as a surname), from Old French clement, from See definitions ofclement.
PALESTINE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE NAME PALESTINE BY Palestine . from Latin Palestina (name of a Roman province), from Greek Palaistinē (Herodotus), from Hebrew Pelesheth "Philistia, land of the Philistines" (see Philistine).In Josephus, the country of the Philistines; extended under Roman rule to all Judea and later to Samaria and Galilee. Revived as an official political territorial name 1920 with the British mandate. BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY with (prep.) Old English wið "against, opposite, from, toward, by, near," a shortened form related to wiðer, from Proto-Germanic *withro-"against" (source also of Old Saxon withar "against," Old Norse viðr "against, with, toward, at," Middle Dutch, Dutch weder, Dutch weer "again," Gothic wiþra "against, opposite"), from PIE *wi-tero-, literally "more apart," suffixed form of *wi GRAMMAR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF GRAMMAR BY ONLINE A grammar-school (late 14c.) originally was a school for learning Latin, which was begun by memorizing the grammar. In U.S. (1842) the term was put to use in the graded system for a school between primary and secondary where English grammar is one of the subjects taught. The word is attested earlier in surnames (late 12c.) such as Robertus EDUCATION | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF EDUCATION BY ONLINE education (n.) 1530s, "child-rearing," also "the training of animals," from French education (14c.) and directly from Latin educationem (nominative educatio) "a rearing, training," noun of action from past-participle stem of educare (see educate).Originally of instruction in social codes and manners; meaning "systematic schooling and training for work" is from 1610s. CHURCH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CHURCH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY church (n.) Old English cirice, circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic *kirika (source also of Old Saxon kirika, Old Norse kirkja, Old Frisian zerke, Middle Dutch kerke, Dutch kerk, Old High German kirihha, German Kirche). PROMISE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PROMISE BY ONLINE promise (v.) c. 1400, promisen, "make a promise of," from promise (n.). Meaning "afford reason to expect" is from 1590s. Related: Promised; promising.In Middle English also promit (promitten), from the Latin verb.The promised land (1530s, earlier lond of promission, mid-13c.; province of promissioun, late 15c.) is a reference to the land of Canaan promised to Abraham and his progeny (Hebrew xi MARRIAGE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF MARRIAGE BY ONLINE marriage (n.) c. 1300, mariage, "action of entering into wedlock;" also "state or condition of being husband and wife, matrimony, wedlock;" also "a union of a man and woman for life by marriage, a particular matrimonial union;" from Old French mariage "marriage; dowry" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *maritaticum (11c.), from Latin maritatus, past participle of maritare "to wed, marry, give in FAITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF FAITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY FAITH Meaning: "faithfulness to a trust or promise; loyalty to a person; honesty, truthfulness," from Anglo-French and See definitionsof faith.
ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
LIGHT | SEARCH ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language. MIRACLE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF MIRACLE BY ONLINE The Latin word is the source of Spanish milagro, Italian miracolo . From mid-13c. as "something that excites wonder or astonishment, extraordinary or remarkable feat," without regard to divinity or supernatural power. It replaced Old English wundortacen, wundorweorc. The Greek words rendered as miracle in the English bibles were semeion"sign
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
FAITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF FAITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY FAITH Meaning: "faithfulness to a trust or promise; loyalty to a person; honesty, truthfulness," from Anglo-French and See definitionsof faith.
TRUTH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF TRUTH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY truth (n.) Old English triewð (West Saxon), treowð (Mercian) "faith, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty; veracity, quality of being true; pledge, covenant," from Germanic abstract noun *treuwitho, from Proto-Germanic treuwaz "having or characterized by good faith," from PIE *drew-o-, a suffixed form of the root *deru-"be firm, solid, steadfast." With Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see PASSION | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PASSION BY ONLINE passion (n.) c. 1200, "the sufferings of Christ on the Cross; the death of Christ," from Old French passion "Christ's passion, physical suffering" (10c.), from Late Latin passionem (nominative passio) "suffering, enduring," from past-participle stem of Latin pati "to endure, undergo, experience," a word of uncertain origin. The notion is "that which must be endured." GENDER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF GENDER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY gender (n.) c. 1300, "kind, sort, class, a class or kind of persons or things sharing certain traits," from Old French gendre, genre "kind, species; character; gender" (12c., Modern French genre), from stem of Latin genus (genitive generis) "race, stock, family; kind, rank, order; species," also "(male or female) sex," from PIE root *gene-"give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to LAW | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF LAW BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY law ( n.) the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do; Synonyms: jurisprudence / legal philosophy. law ( n.) the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; he MARRIAGE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF MARRIAGE BY ONLINE marriage (n.) c. 1300, mariage, "action of entering into wedlock;" also "state or condition of being husband and wife, matrimony, wedlock;" also "a union of a man and woman for life by marriage, a particular matrimonial union;" from Old French mariage "marriage; dowry" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *maritaticum (11c.), from Latin maritatus, past participle of maritare "to wed, marry, give in CHURCH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CHURCH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY church (n.) Old English cirice, circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic *kirika (source also of Old Saxon kirika, Old Norse kirkja, Old Frisian zerke, Middle Dutch kerke, Dutch kerk, Old High German kirihha, German Kirche). RESPECT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF RESPECT BY ONLINE respect (n.) late 14c., "relationship, relation; regard, consideration," from Old French respect and directly from Latin respectus "regard, a looking at," literally "act of looking back (or often) at one," noun use of past participle of respicere "look back at, regard, consider," from re-"back" (see re-) + specere "look at" (from PIE root *spek-"to observe"). WIFE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WIFE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY WIFE Meaning: "woman, female, lady," also, but not especially, "wife," from Proto-Germanic *wīfa- (source also of Old See definitions ofwife.
QUEEN | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF QUEEN BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY queen ( n.) the wife or widow of a king; queen ( n.) something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind; Paris is the queen of cities. the queen of ocean liners. queen ( n.) a competitor who holds a preeminent position; Synonyms: king / world-beater. ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
FAITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF FAITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY FAITH Meaning: "faithfulness to a trust or promise; loyalty to a person; honesty, truthfulness," from Anglo-French and See definitionsof faith.
TRUTH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF TRUTH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY truth (n.) Old English triewð (West Saxon), treowð (Mercian) "faith, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty; veracity, quality of being true; pledge, covenant," from Germanic abstract noun *treuwitho, from Proto-Germanic treuwaz "having or characterized by good faith," from PIE *drew-o-, a suffixed form of the root *deru-"be firm, solid, steadfast." With Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see PASSION | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PASSION BY ONLINE passion (n.) c. 1200, "the sufferings of Christ on the Cross; the death of Christ," from Old French passion "Christ's passion, physical suffering" (10c.), from Late Latin passionem (nominative passio) "suffering, enduring," from past-participle stem of Latin pati "to endure, undergo, experience," a word of uncertain origin. The notion is "that which must be endured." GENDER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF GENDER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY gender (n.) c. 1300, "kind, sort, class, a class or kind of persons or things sharing certain traits," from Old French gendre, genre "kind, species; character; gender" (12c., Modern French genre), from stem of Latin genus (genitive generis) "race, stock, family; kind, rank, order; species," also "(male or female) sex," from PIE root *gene-"give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to LAW | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF LAW BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY law ( n.) the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do; Synonyms: jurisprudence / legal philosophy. law ( n.) the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; he MARRIAGE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF MARRIAGE BY ONLINE marriage (n.) c. 1300, mariage, "action of entering into wedlock;" also "state or condition of being husband and wife, matrimony, wedlock;" also "a union of a man and woman for life by marriage, a particular matrimonial union;" from Old French mariage "marriage; dowry" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *maritaticum (11c.), from Latin maritatus, past participle of maritare "to wed, marry, give in CHURCH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CHURCH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY church (n.) Old English cirice, circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic *kirika (source also of Old Saxon kirika, Old Norse kirkja, Old Frisian zerke, Middle Dutch kerke, Dutch kerk, Old High German kirihha, German Kirche). RESPECT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF RESPECT BY ONLINE respect (n.) late 14c., "relationship, relation; regard, consideration," from Old French respect and directly from Latin respectus "regard, a looking at," literally "act of looking back (or often) at one," noun use of past participle of respicere "look back at, regard, consider," from re-"back" (see re-) + specere "look at" (from PIE root *spek-"to observe"). QUEEN | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF QUEEN BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY queen ( n.) the wife or widow of a king; queen ( n.) something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind; Paris is the queen of cities. the queen of ocean liners. queen ( n.) a competitor who holds a preeminent position; Synonyms: king / world-beater. WIFE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WIFE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY WIFE Meaning: "woman, female, lady," also, but not especially, "wife," from Proto-Germanic *wīfa- (source also of Old See definitions ofwife.
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGYENGLISH ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARYBEST DICTIONARY OF ETYMOLOGYDICTIONARY OFETYMOLOGY
Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and English as a second language.VACCINATION
vaccination (n.) 1800, used by British physician Edward Jenner (1749-1823) for the technique he publicized of preventing smallpox by injecting people with the similar but much milder cowpox virus (variolae vaccinae), from vaccine (adj.) "pertaining to cows, from cows" (1798), from Latin vaccinus "from cows," from vacca "cow," a word of uncertain origin. WITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGYENGLISH ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARYBEST DICTIONARY OF ETYMOLOGYDICTIONARY OFETYMOLOGY
Compare widow (n.). Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife ). Original sense of"against, in
PRESIDENT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PRESIDENT BY ONLINE president (n.) late 14c., "appointed governor of a province; chosen leader of a body of persons," from Old French president and directly from Latin praesidentum (nominative praesidens) "president, governor," noun use of present participle of praesidere "to act as head or chief" (see preside).In Middle English of heads of religious houses, hospitals, almshouses, colleges and universities. ENTHUSIASM | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF ENTHUSIASM BY ONLINE enthusiasm (n.) c. 1600, from French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos "divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.)," from enthousiazein "be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy," from entheos "divinely inspired, possessed by a god," fromen
DOCTOR | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF DOCTOR BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY doctor (n.) c. 1300, doctour, "Church father," from Old French doctour and directly from Medieval Latin doctor "religious teacher, adviser, scholar," in classical Latin "teacher," agent noun from docere "to show, teach, cause to know," originally "make to appear right," causative of decere "be seemly, fitting" (from PIE root *dek-"to take,accept").
BULLY | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BULLY BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY bully (n.) 1530s, "sweetheart," a term of endearment applied to either sex, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Dutch boel "lover; brother," which probably is a diminutive of Middle Dutch broeder "brother" (compare Middle High German buole "brother," source of German Buhle "lover;" see brother (n.)).. Meaning deteriorated 17c. through "fine fellow" and "blusterer" to "harasser of the weak NICE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NICE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nice ( adj.) excessively fastidious and easily disgusted; too nice about his food to take to camp cooking. Synonyms: dainty / overnice / prissy / squeamish. nice ( adj.) exhibiting courtesy and politeness; a nice gesture. Synonyms: courteous / gracious. 2. BLACK | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF BLACK BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY black (n.) Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "dark-skinned person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). Meaning "black clothing" (especially when worn NIGGER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NIGGER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY nigger (n.) 1786, earlier neger (1568, Scottish and northern England dialect), negar, negur, from French nègre, from Spanish negro (see Negro ). From the earliest usage it was "the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflictedon blacks" .
FAITH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF FAITH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY FAITH Meaning: "faithfulness to a trust or promise; loyalty to a person; honesty, truthfulness," from Anglo-French and See definitionsof faith.
TRUTH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF TRUTH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY truth (n.) Old English triewð (West Saxon), treowð (Mercian) "faith, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty; veracity, quality of being true; pledge, covenant," from Germanic abstract noun *treuwitho, from Proto-Germanic treuwaz "having or characterized by good faith," from PIE *drew-o-, a suffixed form of the root *deru-"be firm, solid, steadfast." With Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see PASSION | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF PASSION BY ONLINE passion (n.) c. 1200, "the sufferings of Christ on the Cross; the death of Christ," from Old French passion "Christ's passion, physical suffering" (10c.), from Late Latin passionem (nominative passio) "suffering, enduring," from past-participle stem of Latin pati "to endure, undergo, experience," a word of uncertain origin. The notion is "that which must be endured." GENDER | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF GENDER BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY gender (n.) c. 1300, "kind, sort, class, a class or kind of persons or things sharing certain traits," from Old French gendre, genre "kind, species; character; gender" (12c., Modern French genre), from stem of Latin genus (genitive generis) "race, stock, family; kind, rank, order; species," also "(male or female) sex," from PIE root *gene-"give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to LAW | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF LAW BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY law ( n.) the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do; Synonyms: jurisprudence / legal philosophy. law ( n.) the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; he MARRIAGE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF MARRIAGE BY ONLINE marriage (n.) c. 1300, mariage, "action of entering into wedlock;" also "state or condition of being husband and wife, matrimony, wedlock;" also "a union of a man and woman for life by marriage, a particular matrimonial union;" from Old French mariage "marriage; dowry" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *maritaticum (11c.), from Latin maritatus, past participle of maritare "to wed, marry, give in CHURCH | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF CHURCH BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY church (n.) Old English cirice, circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic *kirika (source also of Old Saxon kirika, Old Norse kirkja, Old Frisian zerke, Middle Dutch kerke, Dutch kerk, Old High German kirihha, German Kirche). RESPECT | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF RESPECT BY ONLINE respect (n.) late 14c., "relationship, relation; regard, consideration," from Old French respect and directly from Latin respectus "regard, a looking at," literally "act of looking back (or often) at one," noun use of past participle of respicere "look back at, regard, consider," from re-"back" (see re-) + specere "look at" (from PIE root *spek-"to observe"). QUEEN | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF QUEEN BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY queen ( n.) the wife or widow of a king; queen ( n.) something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind; Paris is the queen of cities. the queen of ocean liners. queen ( n.) a competitor who holds a preeminent position; Synonyms: king / world-beater. WIFE | ORIGIN AND MEANING OF WIFE BY ONLINE ETYMOLOGY WIFE Meaning: "woman, female, lady," also, but not especially, "wife," from Proto-Germanic *wīfa- (source also of Old See definitions ofwife.
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY This is a map of the wheel-ruts of modern English. Etymologies are not definitions; they're explanations of what our words meant and how they sounded 600 or 2,000 years ago. The dates beside a word indicate the earliest year for which there is a surviving written record of that word (in English, unless otherwise indicated). This should be taken as approximate, especially before about 1700, since a word may have been used in conversation for hundreds of years before it turns up in a manuscript that has had the good fortune to survive the centuries. The basic sources of this work are Weekley's "An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English," Klein's "A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language," "Oxford English Dictionary" (second edition), "Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology," Holthausen's "Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Englischen Sprache," and Kipfer and Chapman's "Dictionary of American Slang."A FULL LIST OF PRINT SOURCES USED IN THIS COMPILATION CAN BE FOUND HERE. Since this dictionary went up, it has benefited from the suggestions of dozens of people I have never met, from around the world. Tremendous thanks and appreciation to all of you.links
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