WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 WHAT'S NEW AND DIFFERENT IN CUMULUS LINUX 4.0.0 Cumulus Linux 4.0.0 is the biggest update to the operating system in years! We've changed many things both cosmetic and under the hood, including a new kernel and several new platforms — but we've also removed some platforms and features — so it's a good idea for you to understand all that's changed before you upgrade.. As always, please read the release notes to learn about all the open VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

UPDATING ONIE

If you need to update ONIE on your Cumulus Linux switch, follow these instructions. ONIE uses an onie-updater file in order to update itself. The onie-updater file should be provided to you by your hardware vendor. If you are using a Cumulus Express switch, open a support ticket to get this file from Cumulus Networks. You can either perform the update manually or use the ONIE discovery methods. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. ADDING MD5-ENABLED BGP NEIGHBORS Enabling MD5 Using vtysh. SSH into switch1. Run vtysh. If you are running Cumulus Linux 2.0 or later, sudo vtysh. Run these Quagga commands: quagga# configure terminal quagga (config)# router bgp 65000 quagga (config-router)# neighbor 192.0.2.101 password mypassword. SSH into switch2, then run these Quagga commands: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCE When the switch receives a frame, it runs its own checksum on the frame and compares the resulting CRC value to the value in the Ethernet frame. If they are not equal, it means some bits were corrupted and thus the switch counts these as RX errors. In half-duplex mode, some FCS errors may be normal. In full-duplex mode, FCS errors are not normal. ANSIBLE: BACKING UP EXISTING CONFIGURATIONS On the server is a folder with one file called fetch.yml. The content of the file is very simple: To run the playbook, run the ansible-playbook command: The playbook copies these four commonly used Cumulus Linux files to the server: For more information on which files to back up and what Cumulus Linux uses, please refer to Upgrading

Cumulus Linux.

HOW TO UNINSTALL CUMULUS LINUX AND REMOVE THE Cumulus Linux 3.3.0 or Later. If you're running Cumulus Linux 3.3.1, for example, run: cumulus@switch:~$ onie-select -k. Note: If you only want to remove the Cumulus Linux configuration, and keep the license intact, use the net del all NCLU command instead. This disables routing and the routing daemons, except for Zebra, which is used for OVERLAPPING HOST ROUTES AND ARP/ND ENTRIES The value of this option determines which of the two should be programmed into hardware when the kernel has overlapping entries (both host route and neighbor entry for that route). When set to TRUE, switchd installs the host route instead of the ARP/ND cache entry. When set to FALSE, switchd installs the ARP/ND cache entry instead of

the host

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 WHAT'S NEW AND DIFFERENT IN CUMULUS LINUX 4.0.0 Cumulus Linux 4.0.0 is the biggest update to the operating system in years! We've changed many things both cosmetic and under the hood, including a new kernel and several new platforms — but we've also removed some platforms and features — so it's a good idea for you to understand all that's changed before you upgrade.. As always, please read the release notes to learn about all the open VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

UPDATING ONIE

If you need to update ONIE on your Cumulus Linux switch, follow these instructions. ONIE uses an onie-updater file in order to update itself. The onie-updater file should be provided to you by your hardware vendor. If you are using a Cumulus Express switch, open a support ticket to get this file from Cumulus Networks. You can either perform the update manually or use the ONIE discovery methods. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. ADDING MD5-ENABLED BGP NEIGHBORS Enabling MD5 Using vtysh. SSH into switch1. Run vtysh. If you are running Cumulus Linux 2.0 or later, sudo vtysh. Run these Quagga commands: quagga# configure terminal quagga (config)# router bgp 65000 quagga (config-router)# neighbor 192.0.2.101 password mypassword. SSH into switch2, then run these Quagga commands: RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCE When the switch receives a frame, it runs its own checksum on the frame and compares the resulting CRC value to the value in the Ethernet frame. If they are not equal, it means some bits were corrupted and thus the switch counts these as RX errors. In half-duplex mode, some FCS errors may be normal. In full-duplex mode, FCS errors are not normal. ANSIBLE: BACKING UP EXISTING CONFIGURATIONS On the server is a folder with one file called fetch.yml. The content of the file is very simple: To run the playbook, run the ansible-playbook command: The playbook copies these four commonly used Cumulus Linux files to the server: For more information on which files to back up and what Cumulus Linux uses, please refer to Upgrading

Cumulus Linux.

HOW TO UNINSTALL CUMULUS LINUX AND REMOVE THE Cumulus Linux 3.3.0 or Later. If you're running Cumulus Linux 3.3.1, for example, run: cumulus@switch:~$ onie-select -k. Note: If you only want to remove the Cumulus Linux configuration, and keep the license intact, use the net del all NCLU command instead. This disables routing and the routing daemons, except for Zebra, which is used for OVERLAPPING HOST ROUTES AND ARP/ND ENTRIES The value of this option determines which of the two should be programmed into hardware when the kernel has overlapping entries (both host route and neighbor entry for that route). When set to TRUE, switchd installs the host route instead of the ARP/ND cache entry. When set to FALSE, switchd installs the ARP/ND cache entry instead of

the host

EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 SAMPLE PROOF OF CONCEPT (POC) TEST PLAN The attached Cumulus Linux Proof of Concept (POC) Test Plan is an example set of requirements compiled from customers who have evaluated Cumulus Linux. The sample plan may be used as a starting point to conduct your own proof of concept tests. Cumulus Linux POC Test Plan.pdf (100 KB) This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. Learn

more.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. THROUGHPUT TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 SAMPLE PROOF OF CONCEPT (POC) TEST PLAN The attached Cumulus Linux Proof of Concept (POC) Test Plan is an example set of requirements compiled from customers who have evaluated Cumulus Linux. The sample plan may be used as a starting point to conduct your own proof of concept tests. Cumulus Linux POC Test Plan.pdf (100 KB) This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. Learn

more.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. RX ERROR COUNTERS AND SLOW THROUGHPUT PERFORMANCESEE MORE ON SUPPORT.CUMULUSNETWORKS.COM CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 WHAT'S NEW AND DIFFERENT IN CUMULUS LINUX 4.0.0 Cumulus Linux 4.0.0 is the biggest update to the operating system in years! We've changed many things both cosmetic and under the hood, including a new kernel and several new platforms — but we've also removed some platforms and features — so it's a good idea for you to understand all that's changed before you upgrade.. As always, please read the release notes to learn about all the open VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following

UPDATING ONIE

If you need to update ONIE on your Cumulus Linux switch, follow these instructions. ONIE uses an onie-updater file in order to update itself. The onie-updater file should be provided to you by your hardware vendor. If you are using a Cumulus Express switch, open a support ticket to get this file from Cumulus Networks. You can either perform the update manually or use the ONIE discovery methods. SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. ADDING MD5-ENABLED BGP NEIGHBORS Enabling MD5 Using vtysh. SSH into switch1. Run vtysh. If you are running Cumulus Linux 2.0 or later, sudo vtysh. Run these Quagga commands: quagga# configure terminal quagga (config)# router bgp 65000 quagga (config-router)# neighbor 192.0.2.101 password mypassword. SSH into switch2, then run these Quagga commands: ANSIBLE: BACKING UP EXISTING CONFIGURATIONS On the server is a folder with one file called fetch.yml. The content of the file is very simple: To run the playbook, run the ansible-playbook command: The playbook copies these four commonly used Cumulus Linux files to the server: For more information on which files to back up and what Cumulus Linux uses, please refer to Upgrading

Cumulus Linux.

HOW TO UNINSTALL CUMULUS LINUX AND REMOVE THE Cumulus Linux 3.3.0 or Later. If you're running Cumulus Linux 3.3.1, for example, run: cumulus@switch:~$ onie-select -k. Note: If you only want to remove the Cumulus Linux configuration, and keep the license intact, use the net del all NCLU command instead. This disables routing and the routing daemons, except for Zebra, which is used for USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. NO CONNECTIVITY WITH INTEL X710 NICS ON FW 6.0.0 Multiple customers have encountered link connectivity issues when connecting to a server containing an Intel x710 NIC with firmware 6.0.0 or 6.0.1. Intel x710 NICs are common on Dell servers. This issue can be seen on breakout ports as well. In some cases, the affected interfaces are represented as "ge" interfaces in the hardware. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. ACCESSING THE SWITCH THROUGH THE CONSOLE The standard command to use for console access depends on your host operating system. For MacOS: screen /dev/cu.usbserial 115200. For Linux: picocomm -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0. USB0 can be USB1 or USB2, etc. Most switches on the Cumulus Networks HCL are set at either 9600 or 115200. This depends on the factory setting. CUMULUS LINUX ACL EXAMPLE RULES Cumulus Linux provides the cl-acltool command line tool to manage access control lists (ACLs). This article offers more examples to help illustrate its functionality. Warning: 'iptables' rules sometimes get confused by the user since they were originally envisioned with a host in mind. The INPUT chain means traffic TO THE BOX, not traffic going ADDING MD5-ENABLED BGP NEIGHBORS Enabling MD5 Using vtysh. SSH into switch1. Run vtysh. If you are running Cumulus Linux 2.0 or later, sudo vtysh. Run these Quagga commands: quagga# configure terminal quagga (config)# router bgp 65000 quagga (config-router)# neighbor 192.0.2.101 password mypassword. SSH into switch2, then run these Quagga commands: WHAT'S NEW | CUMULUS LINUX 3.6 What’s New in Cumulus Linux 3.6.0. Cumulus Linux 3.6.0 contains a number of new platforms, features and improvements: New platforms include: Dell S4128T-ON (10GBASE-T Maverick) Dell S5048-ON (25G Tomahawk+) Delta AG-5648v1 (25G Tomahawk+) Edgecore AS7312-54XS (Tomahawk+) Facebook Voyager (100G Tomahawk/DWDM) Early Access. RELOADING THE QUAGGA CONFIGURATION Quagga reload is an experimental feature in Cumulus Linux. It enables you to apply only the modifications you make to your Quagga configuration, synchronizing its running state ANSIBLE: BACKING UP EXISTING CONFIGURATIONS On the server is a folder with one file called fetch.yml. The content of the file is very simple: To run the playbook, run the ansible-playbook command: The playbook copies these four commonly used Cumulus Linux files to the server: For more information on which files to back up and what Cumulus Linux uses, please refer to Upgrading

Cumulus Linux.

UNDERSTANDING CPU USAGE ON CUMULUS LINUX The Linux OS round-robins through all the active processes. When each process wakes up, it looks to see if it has work to do. If it does, it essentially has the CPU for a period of time to process all that work. If it has a lot of work to do, the CPU will run essentially 100% until the work is complete. If a process shows up in top as 20% usage CONFIGURING AND USING SFLOW VISUALIZATION TOOLS This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. CONFIGURING AN INTERFACE TO STAY DOWN AT BOOT TIME This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. EXPOSING CPU AND MEMORY INFORMATION VIA SNMP Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4 ( UCD-SNMP-MIB::memory) To configure SNMP to expose CPU and memory information: If snmpd has not already been enabled, follow instructions in the technical documentation to enable and start snmpd. Allow access to the OIDs by editing /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf. The following example adds the relevant MIBs to

the systemonly

WHAT IS A BRIDGE?

October 31, 2020 12:53. Follow. Bridges are layer 2 switches, and an integral part of Linux-based networking. This article provides network engineers with a conceptual understanding of what a bridge is, and how they can be used within Cumulus Linux, as well as examples of the bridges hiding within the configuration of incumbent vendors. VERIFYING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE VERSION INFORMATION Cumulus Linux users familiar with Cisco IOS may look for the same level of information from commands they have learned and used over time. One of the most common commands used in Cisco IOS is show version, which displays the currently loaded software along with hardware and device information.This same level of information can be found in Cumulus Linux using the following WHAT IS THE DEFAULT USER NAME AND PASSWORD IN CUMULUS Resolution. In Cumulus Linux 4.2 and later: User name: cumulus. Password: cumulus. In Cumulus Linux 4.1 and earlier: User name: cumulus. Password: CumulusLinux! For more information, see the Cumulus Linux user guide. This support portal has moved to MyMellanox. MELTDOWN AND SPECTRE: MODERN CPU VULNERABILITIES Update: Cumulus Networks released patches that fix these vulnerabilities.For information on how to apply the patches, read this article.. Note: This issue was announced on the Cumulus Networks security announcement mailing list on January 4, 2018. CPU hardware implementations are vulnerable to side-channel attacks referred to as Meltdown and Spectre. CUMULUS LINUX COMMAND REFERENCE GUIDE Command: Description: More Information cl-acltool -L all 1 Displays all filter rules. Netfilter - ACL: cumulus@leaf1$ sudo cl-acltool -L all ----- Listing rules of type iptables: ----- TABLE filter : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 11749 packets, 1752K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any 240.0.0.0/5 anywhere 0 0 DROP all -- swp+ any loopback/8 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGES (VLANS) Symptoms: Bridge is up and passing traffic, But mstpctl is not giving any output on the bridge. Solution: No output means that spanning tree is not turned on for that specific bridge. Example output: cumulus@switch:~$ mstpctl showbridge br-untagged cumulus@switch:~$. Add bridge-stp on under the bridge stanza and ifup the bridge.

RELEASE NOTES

Release notes have moved to our technical documentation site. For Cumulus Linux release notes, go to: SUPPORT – CUMULUS NETWORKS® KNOWLEDGE BASE This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. ACCESSING THE SWITCH THROUGH THE CONSOLE The standard command to use for console access depends on your host operating system. For MacOS: screen /dev/cu.usbserial 115200. For Linux: picocomm -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0. USB0 can be USB1 or USB2, etc. Most switches on the Cumulus Networks HCL are set at either 9600 or 115200. This depends on the factory setting. CUMULUS LINUX ACL EXAMPLE RULES Cumulus Linux provides the cl-acltool command line tool to manage access control lists (ACLs). This article offers more examples to help illustrate its functionality. Warning: 'iptables' rules sometimes get confused by the user since they were originally envisioned with a host in mind. The INPUT chain means traffic TO THE BOX, not traffic going ADDING MD5-ENABLED BGP NEIGHBORS Enabling MD5 Using vtysh. SSH into switch1. Run vtysh. If you are running Cumulus Linux 2.0 or later, sudo vtysh. Run these Quagga commands: quagga# configure terminal quagga (config)# router bgp 65000 quagga (config-router)# neighbor 192.0.2.101 password mypassword. SSH into switch2, then run these Quagga commands: WHAT'S NEW | CUMULUS LINUX 3.6 What’s New in Cumulus Linux 3.6.0. Cumulus Linux 3.6.0 contains a number of new platforms, features and improvements: New platforms include: Dell S4128T-ON (10GBASE-T Maverick) Dell S5048-ON (25G Tomahawk+) Delta AG-5648v1 (25G Tomahawk+) Edgecore AS7312-54XS (Tomahawk+) Facebook Voyager (100G Tomahawk/DWDM) Early Access. RELOADING THE QUAGGA CONFIGURATION Quagga reload is an experimental feature in Cumulus Linux. It enables you to apply only the modifications you make to your Quagga configuration, synchronizing its running state ANSIBLE: BACKING UP EXISTING CONFIGURATIONS On the server is a folder with one file called fetch.yml. The content of the file is very simple: To run the playbook, run the ansible-playbook command: The playbook copies these four commonly used Cumulus Linux files to the server: For more information on which files to back up and what Cumulus Linux uses, please refer to Upgrading

Cumulus Linux.

UNDERSTANDING CPU USAGE ON CUMULUS LINUX The Linux OS round-robins through all the active processes. When each process wakes up, it looks to see if it has work to do. If it does, it essentially has the CPU for a period of time to process all that work. If it has a lot of work to do, the CPU will run essentially 100% until the work is complete. If a process shows up in top as 20% usage CONFIGURING AND USING SFLOW VISUALIZATION TOOLS This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. USING ONIE TO INSTALL CUMULUS LINUX Issue. I have a bare metal switch with ONIE and want to install Cumulus Linux on it. How do I do this? Resolution. ONIE (Open Network Install Environment) supports numerous methods for installing a network OS. This article contains several examples, which are just a small subset of features ONIE has. CONFIGURING AN INTERFACE TO STAY DOWN AT BOOT TIME This support portal has moved. Cumulus Networks is now part of the NVIDIA Networking Business Unit! The NVIDIA Cumulus Global Support Services (GSS) team has merged its operations with the NVIDIA Mellanox support services team. * Partners Convince your org

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