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HOME - CIVIL
ENGINEERINGBLOGSURVEYINGMATERIALSCONSTRUCTIONSTRUCTUREGEOTECH The dumpy level is a commonly used leveling instrument. To be acqu. What is Surveying? Definition | Importance. Surveying, the first step of starting a new civil engineering project, is a very important branch of civil engineering. To understand the techniques of surveying a student must carefully study th. 8 MAIN CEMENT INGREDIENTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS The main features of these cement ingredients along with their functions and usefulness or harmfulness are given below: Lime: Lime is calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. The presence of lime in a sufficient quantity is required to form silicates and aluminates of calcium. Deficiency in lime reduces the strength of property to thecement.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GREY CEMENT AND WHITE CEMENT In the following table, the main differences between grey ordinary Portland cement and white cement are given: Raw materials contain a high amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Raw materials contain a very little amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Usually less fine than white cement. Usually finer than gray cement. WHAT IS SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE? What is Self-Consolidating or Self-Competing Concrete? Self Consolidating or Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable, deformable, non-segregating concrete that spreads and fills in the formwork under its own weight. Flowability is maintained by using a high range of water-reducing admixtures. CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS 15 TYPES OF CEMENT ONE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT In usual construction work, Ordinary Portland Cement is widely used. Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates, (3 CaO·SiO2, and 2 CaO·SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- 12 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PRECAST CONCRETE Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. There are some disadvantages to precast concrete.They are discussed below. High Initial Investment: For installing a Precast Concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment.A large scale of precast construction projects must be available to ensure sufficient profit. WHAT IS SPANDREL BEAM? ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW What is Spandrel Beam? In steel or concrete structures, the spandrel beam is the exterior beam that stretches horizontally from one column to another column. These are also known as edge beam. Spandrel beams are provided on each floor which helps distinguish floor levels in high-rise buildings. These are used to withstand the load of thePLATE LOAD TEST
The plate load test is a field test, which is performed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil and the probable settlement under a given load. This test is very popular for the selection and design of the shallow foundation. For performing this test, the plate is placed at the desired depth, then the load is applied gradually MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF CONCRETE Different codes have prescribed some empirical relations to determine the Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete. Few of them are given below. According to ACI 318-08 section 8.5, Modulus of elasticity for concrete, Ec =w1.50 c ×0.043√f ′ c M P a E c = w c 1.50 × 0.043 f c ′ M P a. This formula is valid for values of w c between 1440and
HOME - CIVIL
ENGINEERINGBLOGSURVEYINGMATERIALSCONSTRUCTIONSTRUCTUREGEOTECH The dumpy level is a commonly used leveling instrument. To be acqu. What is Surveying? Definition | Importance. Surveying, the first step of starting a new civil engineering project, is a very important branch of civil engineering. To understand the techniques of surveying a student must carefully study th. 8 MAIN CEMENT INGREDIENTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS The main features of these cement ingredients along with their functions and usefulness or harmfulness are given below: Lime: Lime is calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. The presence of lime in a sufficient quantity is required to form silicates and aluminates of calcium. Deficiency in lime reduces the strength of property to thecement.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GREY CEMENT AND WHITE CEMENT In the following table, the main differences between grey ordinary Portland cement and white cement are given: Raw materials contain a high amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Raw materials contain a very little amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Usually less fine than white cement. Usually finer than gray cement. WHAT IS SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE? What is Self-Consolidating or Self-Competing Concrete? Self Consolidating or Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable, deformable, non-segregating concrete that spreads and fills in the formwork under its own weight. Flowability is maintained by using a high range of water-reducing admixtures. CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS 15 TYPES OF CEMENT ONE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT In usual construction work, Ordinary Portland Cement is widely used. Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates, (3 CaO·SiO2, and 2 CaO·SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- 12 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PRECAST CONCRETE Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. There are some disadvantages to precast concrete.They are discussed below. High Initial Investment: For installing a Precast Concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment.A large scale of precast construction projects must be available to ensure sufficient profit. WHAT IS SPANDREL BEAM? ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW What is Spandrel Beam? In steel or concrete structures, the spandrel beam is the exterior beam that stretches horizontally from one column to another column. These are also known as edge beam. Spandrel beams are provided on each floor which helps distinguish floor levels in high-rise buildings. These are used to withstand the load of thePLATE LOAD TEST
The plate load test is a field test, which is performed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil and the probable settlement under a given load. This test is very popular for the selection and design of the shallow foundation. For performing this test, the plate is placed at the desired depth, then the load is applied gradually MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF CONCRETE Different codes have prescribed some empirical relations to determine the Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete. Few of them are given below. According to ACI 318-08 section 8.5, Modulus of elasticity for concrete, Ec =w1.50 c ×0.043√f ′ c M P a E c = w c 1.50 × 0.043 f c ′ M P a. This formula is valid for values of w c between 1440and
HOME - CIVIL ENGINEERING The dumpy level is a commonly used leveling instrument. To be acqu. What is Surveying? Definition | Importance. Surveying, the first step of starting a new civil engineering project, is a very important branch of civil engineering. To understand the techniques of surveying a student must carefully study th. 12 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PRECAST CONCRETE Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. There are some disadvantages to precast concrete.They are discussed below. High Initial Investment: For installing a Precast Concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment.A large scale of precast construction projects must be available to ensure sufficient profit. WHAT IS STRUCTURAL DESIGN? Structural design is a methodical investigation to get the economical specification of a structure or a structural element to carry the predicted load safely. With the application of structural design we can obtain required size, grade, reinforcement etc. of structural members to withstand the internal forces calculated from the structural analysis. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Definition. In civil engineering, the engineers do the job of dealing with the planning of design, construction and as well as maintenance. In structural engineering, the engineers mainly focus only on the structural aspects of a building or any man-made structures. 2.Education.
10 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PITCHED ROOF The Roof is an essential part of a building. The pitched roof system is a type of roof which is used used in many cases. Before selecting for a building one must knot its advantages and disadvantages. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SAND SOIL The considerable specific gravity is around 2.65 for sand. Which is mainly the ratio of the weight of the given volume of aggregates to the weight of an equal volume of water. But normally in the road construction ranges from about 2.5 to 3.0 with an average of about 2.68. This is mainly composed of quartz have a specific gravity rangesfrom 2
PROPERTIES OF CEMENT- PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL Chemical Properties of Cement. The raw materials for cement production are limestone (calcium), sand or clay (silicon), bauxite (aluminum) and iron ore, and may include shells, chalk, marl, shale, clay, blast furnace slag, slate. Chemical analysis of cement raw materials provides insight into the chemical properties of cement. EQUILIBRIUM AND COMPATIBILITY TORSION Equilibrium Torsion. This case occurs when the torsional moment is required to be in equilibrium and maximum torsional moment (T u) cannot be reduced by redistribution of moments.In this case the torsion reinforcement must be provided to resist all of T u.This type of torsion is also known as primary torsion.RAFT FOUNDATION
The raft foundation is a very commonly used type of foundation system. Raft foundation is also known as Mat foundation. Definition of raft foundation along with working principle, when to choose raft, types of raft foundation, materials of raft foundation, raft construction steps etc are discussed below. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PILES, PIERS AND CAISSONS Pier Foundation Caisson Pile Foundation; Pier foundation is a type of deep foundation, which consists of a cylindrical column of large diameter to support and transfer large superimposed loads to firm strata below.: Caissons are watertight structures made up of wood, steel or reinforced concrete built above the ground level and then sunken into the ground.PLATE LOAD TEST
What is the Plate Load Test? The plate load test is a field test, which is performed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil and the probable settlement under a given load. This test is very popular for the selection and design of the shallow foundation. For performing this test, the plate is placed at the desired depth, then the load is applied gradually and the settlement for HOW TO IMPROVE SANDY SOIL In practical situations, existing soil may not be suitable for construction work. Especially for sandy soil, the soil may not be dense enough and prone to large elastic settlements. In this article, we will discuss different methods and techniques used for the improvement of sandy soil. SLAB - CIVIL ENGINEERING Please note that the information in Civiltoday.com is designed to provide general information on the topics presented. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for professional services. 15 TYPES OF CEMENT ONE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT In usual construction work, Ordinary Portland Cement is widely used. Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates, (3 CaO·SiO2, and 2 CaO·SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Civil Engineering and Structural Engineering have several differences. Sources of main differences between structural engineering and civil engineering are definition, education, type of work, jobs, etc.SOIL CBR TEST
California bearing ratio is the percentage of stress a soil specimen can resist for a certain amount of penetration relative to the value of stress of which a standard soil could resist. Full CRB test required apparatus, full test procedure, the calculation to evaluate California Bearing Ratio and uses of the test result is explained here 12 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PRECAST CONCRETE Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. There are some disadvantages to precast concrete.They are discussed below. High Initial Investment: For installing a Precast Concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment.A large scale of precast construction projects must be available to ensure sufficient profit. WHAT IS 0.2% PROOF STRESS? MEANING AND CALCULATION Materials that show non-linear behavior or possess inelasticity such as concrete need 0.2% offset to determine its yield point. When materials have identical yield points, this method becomes handy. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GREY CEMENT AND WHITE CEMENT Grey cement (Ordinary Portland Cement) and white cement have several differences. Sources of main differences between grey and white cement are raw materials, fineness, cost, uses, kiln fuel, energy consumptionetc.
WHAT IS A PIER FOUNDATION? TYPES, ADVANTAGES, LOCATIONSEE MORE ONCIVILTODAY.COM
PLATE LOAD TEST
What is the Plate Load Test? The plate load test is a field test, which is performed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil and the probable settlement under a given load. This test is very popular for the selection and design of the shallow foundation. For performing this test, the plate is placed at the desired depth, then the load is applied gradually and the settlement for HOW TO IMPROVE SANDY SOIL In practical situations, existing soil may not be suitable for construction work. Especially for sandy soil, the soil may not be dense enough and prone to large elastic settlements. In this article, we will discuss different methods and techniques used for the improvement of sandy soil. SLAB - CIVIL ENGINEERING Please note that the information in Civiltoday.com is designed to provide general information on the topics presented. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for professional services. 15 TYPES OF CEMENT ONE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT In usual construction work, Ordinary Portland Cement is widely used. Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates, (3 CaO·SiO2, and 2 CaO·SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Civil Engineering and Structural Engineering have several differences. Sources of main differences between structural engineering and civil engineering are definition, education, type of work, jobs, etc.SOIL CBR TEST
California bearing ratio is the percentage of stress a soil specimen can resist for a certain amount of penetration relative to the value of stress of which a standard soil could resist. Full CRB test required apparatus, full test procedure, the calculation to evaluate California Bearing Ratio and uses of the test result is explained here 12 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PRECAST CONCRETE Disadvantages of Precast Concrete. There are some disadvantages to precast concrete.They are discussed below. High Initial Investment: For installing a Precast Concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment.A large scale of precast construction projects must be available to ensure sufficient profit. WHAT IS 0.2% PROOF STRESS? MEANING AND CALCULATION Materials that show non-linear behavior or possess inelasticity such as concrete need 0.2% offset to determine its yield point. When materials have identical yield points, this method becomes handy. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GREY CEMENT AND WHITE CEMENT Grey cement (Ordinary Portland Cement) and white cement have several differences. Sources of main differences between grey and white cement are raw materials, fineness, cost, uses, kiln fuel, energy consumptionetc.
WHAT IS A PIER FOUNDATION? TYPES, ADVANTAGES, LOCATIONSEE MORE ONCIVILTODAY.COM
HOME - CIVIL ENGINEERING Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. Knowledge of surveying is incomplete without the knowledge of leveling. The dumpy level is a commonly used leveling instrument. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SAND SOIL What is the Specific Gravity of Sand? Mainly Specific Gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance at a fixed temperature.Similarly, it is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance. And thetheme is
18 DIFFERENT USES OF STEELS Steel is world’s most important engineering and construction material. It composites of- iron, carbon & other elements. Iron is the base of steel. Though steel is harder and stronger than iron. It possesses high tensile strength, super flexibility, and low cost. Producing one ton of steel requires 40% of the energy. Steel is widely used in different sectors. DENSITY (UNIT WEIGHT) OF CONCRETE Concrete, an artificial stone-like mass, is the composite material that is created by mixing binding material (cement or lime) along with the aggregate (sand, gravel, stone, brick chips, etc.), water, admixtures, etc in specific proportions. SLAB - CIVIL ENGINEERING Please note that the information in Civiltoday.com is designed to provide general information on the topics presented. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for professional services. 8 MAIN CEMENT INGREDIENTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS Cement, as a binding material, is a very important building material. Almost every construction work requires cement. Therefore, the composition of cement is a matter of great interest to engineers. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SURFACE IRRIGATION Surface irrigation is an irrigation type where gravity force is used to distribute water over the soil surface. Before selecting surface irrigation over other types of irrigations, one must investigate the advantages and disadvantages of surface irrigation.. Advantages ofSurface Irrigation
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN During the study of a structure (reinforced concrete, steel etc.) one must encounter two different types of problems: Analysis & Design of the structure. Although same principals are used in both cases, solving these problems requires different procedures. WHAT IS SPANDREL BEAM? ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW the spandrel beam is the exterior beam that stretches horizontally from one column to another column. These are also known as edge beam. RIBBED AND WAFFLE SLABS Ribbed or waffle slab is a slab system which consists of series of parallel reinforced concrete T beams framing into reinforced concrete girders. The slab is the flange of the beam and the extended part is the web. The extended part is known as ribs. The spacing between the ribs should be in general 20-30 inch.Civil Engineering
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DUMPY LEVEL SURVEY–WHAT, WHERE, HOW, PARTS Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. Knowledge of surveying is incomplete without the knowledge of leveling. The dumpy level is a commonly used leveling instrument. To be acquainte… WHAT IS SURVEYING? DEFINITION | IMPORTANCE Surveying, the first step of starting a new civil engineering project, is a very important branch of civil engineering. To understand the techniques of surveying a student must carefully study the bas… TACHEOMETRIC SURVEYING- METHODS, DETAIL PROCEDURES Tacheometry is a branch of angular surveying in which the horizontal and vertical distances are obtained by optical means as opposed to the ordinary process of chain and tape. This is done with the he… CHAIN SURVEYING | DEFINITION, DETAILS, PROCEDURE Chain survey/surveying is a very old method of Surveying. This article includes the definition of chain survey along with all detailed information with necessary images about various aspects of chain… WHAT IS PLANE TABLE SURVEYING? SETUP & METHODS The plane table surveying is one of the fastest and easiest methods of surveying. Plotting of plans and field observations can be done at the same time in plane table surveying. It is useful for the f… BRICK SIZE - STANDARD BRICK DIMENSIONS Brick is a commonly used building material. It is a unit made of burnt clay. It is mainly composed of clay, sand, lime and bearing soil or other concrete materials. Containing a good mixture of these… 8 MAIN CEMENT INGREDIENTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS Cement, as a binding material, is a very important building material. Almost every construction work requires cement. Therefore, the composition of cement is a matter of great interest to engineers. F… WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT | DEFINITION & DETAILS White Portland cement, as the name indicates, is a kind of cement with white color. It is the same as ordinary gray Portland cement except in respect to color and fineness. Snowcrete is the commercial… WHAT IS CEMENT? HISTORY- CHEMISTRY- INDUSTRIES Cement, one of the most important building materials, is a binding agent that sets and hardens to adhere to building units such as stones, bricks, tiles, etc. Cement generally refers to a very finepo…
WHAT IS CEMENT CLINKER? COMPOSITION, TYPES & USES Clinker is a nodular material produced in the kilning stage during the production of cement and is used as the binder in many cement products. The lumps or nodules of clinker are usually of diameter 3…Page 1 of 5
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