ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. ALPHA HISTORY FAQ
For those who don’t know, Alpha Phi Alpha is an African-American college fraternity at New York’s Cornell University. It counts dozens of prominent African-Americans among its membership, including Martin Luther King Jnr, WEB Du Bois, Thurgood Marshall and Jesse Owens. The motto “Alpha history is Black history” refers to Alpha Phi Alpha
THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 FRENCH REVOLUTION ESSAY QUESTIONS JEWISH PROPERTY SEIZURES THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES RASPUTIN AND THE TSARINA Rasputin and the Tsarina. Grigori Rasputin, the Siberian faith healer with links to the royal family. Grigori Rasputin was a Siberian starets (faith healer) who arrived in St Petersburg around 1904. He became an important friend and spiritual advisor to the Romanov family, particularly Tsarina Alexandra. The implications of their friendship
LYNDON JOHNSON
ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. ALPHA HISTORY FAQ
For those who don’t know, Alpha Phi Alpha is an African-American college fraternity at New York’s Cornell University. It counts dozens of prominent African-Americans among its membership, including Martin Luther King Jnr, WEB Du Bois, Thurgood Marshall and Jesse Owens. The motto “Alpha history is Black history” refers to Alpha Phi Alpha
THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 FRENCH REVOLUTION ESSAY QUESTIONS JEWISH PROPERTY SEIZURES THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES RASPUTIN AND THE TSARINA Rasputin and the Tsarina. Grigori Rasputin, the Siberian faith healer with links to the royal family. Grigori Rasputin was a Siberian starets (faith healer) who arrived in St Petersburg around 1904. He became an important friend and spiritual advisor to the Romanov family, particularly Tsarina Alexandra. The implications of their friendship
LYNDON JOHNSON
THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES The attack on the Tuileries. An artist’s depiction of the slaughter in the Tuileries palace on August 10th 1792. On August 10th 1792, a little more than three years after their victory over the Bastille, the people of Paris laid siege to another royalist symbol. This time the target was the Tuileries Palace, the official residence of Louis COLD WAR GLOSSARY A-L al-Qaeda. al-Qaeda is a militant Islamist organisation, founded by Osama bin Laden in 1989. It became a significant agent of anti-Western terrorism in the post-Cold War world. Angkar. Angkar was a name describing the leadership or party machinery of the Khmer WEIMAR ART - ALPHA HISTORY Factors shaping Weimar art. The impact of World War I, the collapse of the Wilhelmine monarchy and the end of authoritarian government all affected Germany’s artistic community.German artists began to question traditional values and styles, particularly 19th-century Prussian art that emphasised strength, authority and militarism. WORLD WAR I GLOSSARY The Great Powers is a colloquial term for the major nations of Europe prior to World War I. The Great Powers are usually considered to have been Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia. Great Push (or Big Push) The ‘great push’, ‘big push’ or simply ‘the push’ refers to major offensive or advance, particularly on the LYNDON JOHNSON
Lyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th president of the United States, taking office after the assassination of John F. Kennedy until his retirement in 1968. He is best known for approving American military escalation in the Vietnam War. Born in rural Texas, Johnson trained as a teacher then worked for a time in a one-room schoolhouse. RUSSIA IN WORLD WAR I Russia’s involvement. Like the other great European powers, Russia was drawn into World War I by a series of misjudgements and follies. Among them were imperial rivalry, poisonous nationalism, overconfidence in the military, placing too much trust in alliances and not enough in diplomacy. QUOTATIONS: KENNEDY, CUBA AND THE 1960S Quotations: Kennedy, Cuba and the 1960s. This page contains a collection of Cold War quotations, made by political leaders, notable figures and historians, pertaining to John F. Kennedy, Cuba and the 1960s. These quotations have been researched and compiled by Alpha History authors. We welcome contributions and suggestions for these pages.
THE DOWNFALL OF NAZISM The downfall of Nazism. It took the largest war in human history to bring about the downfall of Nazism. The invasion of Poland in September 1939 was not intended to provoke a major war. In Hitler’s mind, it was another act of expansion, much like the Anschluss A WOMAN RECALLS THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION IN KURSK (1917) Ekaterina Olitskaia was a Russian woman living in Kursk, approximately 300 miles south of Moscow. Here she records her participation in the February Revolution, adding some views on the development of the new society: “On February 18th the workers of the Putilov plant went out on strike.
THE DAILY TELEGRAPH INTERVIEW WITH WILHELM II (1908) The Daily Telegraph interview with Wilhelm II (1908) In October 1908 the London Daily Telegraph published an astonishing interview with the German kaiser, Wilhelm II, where he raged against allegations of German aggression: “You English,” he said, “are mad, mad, mad as March hares. What has come over you that you are so completely given ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST SPORT IN THE COLD WAR WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES Weimar Republic quizzes. This collection of Weimar Republic quizzes allows you to test and revise your knowledge of Germany between late 1918 and 1933. Each quiz contains 20 multiple choice questions. Click or tap your selected answer, then the ‘Next’ button. Results are given at the end of each quiz and you can review correct and incorrect THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST SPORT IN THE COLD WAR WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES Weimar Republic quizzes. This collection of Weimar Republic quizzes allows you to test and revise your knowledge of Germany between late 1918 and 1933. Each quiz contains 20 multiple choice questions. Click or tap your selected answer, then the ‘Next’ button. Results are given at the end of each quiz and you can review correct and incorrect THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. SPORT IN THE COLD WAR Sport in the Cold War. A Soviet propaganda poster that emphasises the strength and fitness of Soviet athletes. Cold War tensions and rivalries were often played out on the sporting arena. As with technology and space exploration, sport was an area where rival powers could prove or assert their dominance without going to war. COLD WAR GLOSSARY A-L al-Qaeda. al-Qaeda is a militant Islamist organisation, founded by Osama bin Laden in 1989. It became a significant agent of anti-Western terrorism in the post-Cold War world. Angkar. Angkar was a name describing the leadership or party machinery of the Khmer THE LAW OF THE MAXIMUM The Law of the Maximum was an attempt to regulate food supplies in France by imposing strict price controls. It was made chiefly to satisfy and placate the sans culottes of Paris. The policy proved disastrous, causing food production and availability to fall even further.
THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. NAZI EUGENICS
Nazi eugenics. A propganda poster claiming the cost of keeping a disabled person alive is 60,000 marks. Nazi social policies were strongly influenced by the eugenics movement. This pseudo-scientific theory held that human society and civilisation could be improved through genetic study and intervention, such as selective breeding. SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
A WOMAN RECALLS THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION IN KURSK (1917) Ekaterina Olitskaia was a Russian woman living in Kursk, approximately 300 miles south of Moscow. Here she records her participation in the February Revolution, adding some views on the development of the new society: “On February 18th the workers of the Putilov plant went out on strike.
POPE JOHN PAUL II
Pope John Paul II. John Paul II (1920-2005) was Pope, or head of the Roman Catholic church, between 1978 and 2005. During the final decade of the Cold War, John Paul II’s opposition to communism inspired democratic and religious movements in Europe, particularly in his native Poland. John Paul II was born Karol Wojtyla in southern Poland, the
ANTI-JEWISH LAWS
Jews are prohibited from owning gun stores or trading weapons (July 1938). Jews are banned from health spas and resorts (July 1938). All Jews must add either “Israel” or “Sara” to their given names (August 1938). Jewish doctors are prohibited by law from treating non ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 FRENCH REVOLUTION ESSAY QUESTIONS THE LAW OF THE MAXIMUM THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. JEWISH PROPERTY SEIZURES LYNDON JOHNSON
ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 FRENCH REVOLUTION ESSAY QUESTIONS THE LAW OF THE MAXIMUM THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. JEWISH PROPERTY SEIZURES LYNDON JOHNSON
THE LAW OF THE MAXIMUM The Law of the Maximum was an attempt to regulate food supplies in France by imposing strict price controls. It was made chiefly to satisfy and placate the sans culottes of Paris. The policy proved disastrous, causing food production and availability to fall even further.
THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES The attack on the Tuileries. An artist’s depiction of the slaughter in the Tuileries palace on August 10th 1792. On August 10th 1792, a little more than three years after their victory over the Bastille, the people of Paris laid siege to another royalist symbol. This time the target was the Tuileries Palace, the official residence of Louis THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. COLD WAR GLOSSARY A-L al-Qaeda. al-Qaeda is a militant Islamist organisation, founded by Osama bin Laden in 1989. It became a significant agent of anti-Western terrorism in the post-Cold War world. Angkar. Angkar was a name describing the leadership or party machinery of the Khmer US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR US-Russia relations since the Cold War. The United States and Russia, the Cold War’s two main protagonists, have had a turbulent relationship since the end of the Cold War 1991. Despite the end of the Cold War, US-Russia relations remain tense and COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1980 TO 1991 This Cold War timeline contains important dates and events from 1980 to 1991. It has been written and compiled by Alpha History authors. If you would like to suggest an event for inclusion here, please contact Alpha History.. 1980 RUSSIA IN WORLD WAR I Russia’s involvement. Like the other great European powers, Russia was drawn into World War I by a series of misjudgements and follies. Among them were imperial rivalry, poisonous nationalism, overconfidence in the military, placing too much trust in alliances and not enough in diplomacy. QUOTATIONS: KENNEDY, CUBA AND THE 1960S Quotations: Kennedy, Cuba and the 1960s. This page contains a collection of Cold War quotations, made by political leaders, notable figures and historians, pertaining to John F. Kennedy, Cuba and the 1960s. These quotations have been researched and compiled by Alpha History authors. We welcome contributions and suggestions for these pages.
RASPUTIN AND THE TSARINA Rasputin and the Tsarina. Grigori Rasputin, the Siberian faith healer with links to the royal family. Grigori Rasputin was a Siberian starets (faith healer) who arrived in St Petersburg around 1904. He became an important friend and spiritual advisor to the Romanov family, particularly Tsarina Alexandra. The implications of their friendship
A WOMAN RECALLS THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION IN KURSK (1917) Ekaterina Olitskaia was a Russian woman living in Kursk, approximately 300 miles south of Moscow. Here she records her participation in the February Revolution, adding some views on the development of the new society: “On February 18th the workers of the Putilov plant went out on strike.
ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST SPORT IN THE COLD WAR WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES Weimar Republic quizzes. This collection of Weimar Republic quizzes allows you to test and revise your knowledge of Germany between late 1918 and 1933. Each quiz contains 20 multiple choice questions. Click or tap your selected answer, then the ‘Next’ button. Results are given at the end of each quiz and you can review correct and incorrect THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST SPORT IN THE COLD WAR WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES Weimar Republic quizzes. This collection of Weimar Republic quizzes allows you to test and revise your knowledge of Germany between late 1918 and 1933. Each quiz contains 20 multiple choice questions. Click or tap your selected answer, then the ‘Next’ button. Results are given at the end of each quiz and you can review correct and incorrect THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. SPORT IN THE COLD WAR Sport in the Cold War. A Soviet propaganda poster that emphasises the strength and fitness of Soviet athletes. Cold War tensions and rivalries were often played out on the sporting arena. As with technology and space exploration, sport was an area where rival powers could prove or assert their dominance without going to war. COLD WAR GLOSSARY A-L al-Qaeda. al-Qaeda is a militant Islamist organisation, founded by Osama bin Laden in 1989. It became a significant agent of anti-Western terrorism in the post-Cold War world. Angkar. Angkar was a name describing the leadership or party machinery of the Khmer THE LAW OF THE MAXIMUM The Law of the Maximum was an attempt to regulate food supplies in France by imposing strict price controls. It was made chiefly to satisfy and placate the sans culottes of Paris. The policy proved disastrous, causing food production and availability to fall even further.
THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. NAZI EUGENICS
Nazi eugenics. A propganda poster claiming the cost of keeping a disabled person alive is 60,000 marks. Nazi social policies were strongly influenced by the eugenics movement. This pseudo-scientific theory held that human society and civilisation could be improved through genetic study and intervention, such as selective breeding. SLIM GAILLARD: "ATOMIC COCKTAIL" (1945) Slim Gaillard: “Atomic Cocktail” (1945) Slim Gaillard (1916-91) was a London-born American jazz singer, songwriter and bandleader. Gaillard became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, chiefly for his smooth vocals and clever and often humorous lyrics. Atomic Cocktail was released in late 1945 by Gaillard’s Quartette, just weeks after the THE 10TH PARTY CONGRESS The 10th Party Congress. The 10th Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) was held in March 1921, attended by almost 1,100 delegates representing almost three-quarters of a million party members. This congress – the first since the end of the Civil War – proved to be another critical point in the development
A WOMAN RECALLS THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION IN KURSK (1917) Ekaterina Olitskaia was a Russian woman living in Kursk, approximately 300 miles south of Moscow. Here she records her participation in the February Revolution, adding some views on the development of the new society: “On February 18th the workers of the Putilov plant went out on strike.
POPE JOHN PAUL II
Pope John Paul II. John Paul II (1920-2005) was Pope, or head of the Roman Catholic church, between 1978 and 2005. During the final decade of the Cold War, John Paul II’s opposition to communism inspired democratic and religious movements in Europe, particularly in his native Poland. John Paul II was born Karol Wojtyla in southern Poland, the
ANTI-JEWISH LAWS
Jews are prohibited from owning gun stores or trading weapons (July 1938). Jews are banned from health spas and resorts (July 1938). All Jews must add either “Israel” or “Sara” to their given names (August 1938). Jewish doctors are prohibited by law from treating non ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. SPORT IN THE COLD WAR US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Cassanyes describes the execution of Robespierre (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. SPORT IN THE COLD WAR US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Cassanyes describes the execution of Robespierre (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR US-Russia relations since the Cold War. The United States and Russia, the Cold War’s two main protagonists, have had a turbulent relationship since the end of the Cold War 1991. Despite the end of the Cold War, US-Russia relations remain tense and THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES The attack on the Tuileries. An artist’s depiction of the slaughter in the Tuileries palace on August 10th 1792. On August 10th 1792, a little more than three years after their victory over the Bastille, the people of Paris laid siege to another royalist symbol. This time the target was the Tuileries Palace, the official residence of Louis COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 This Cold War timeline contains important dates and events from 1970 to 1979. It has been written and compiled by Alpha History authors. If you would like to suggest an event or development for inclusion in this timeline, please contact Alpha History.. 1970 NAZI IDEOLOGY
Nazi ideology. Strong leadership by one ruler was a key element of Nazism. Adolf Hitler and his followers in the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) expressed a strong commitment to values and ideas. Under Hitler’s leadership, the NSDAP developed its own ideology that informed its methods and objectives. WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES Weimar Republic quizzes. This collection of Weimar Republic quizzes allows you to test and revise your knowledge of Germany between late 1918 and 1933. Each quiz contains 20 multiple choice questions. Click or tap your selected answer, then the ‘Next’ button. Results are given at the end of each quiz and you can review correct and incorrect DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890-1969) was president of the United States between January 1953 to January 1961, a period of growing interest and involvement in Vietnam.. Eisenhower was born in Texas, raised in Kansas then educated at the West Point military academy, graduating in 1915. During World War I, he was involved in training other soldiers in tank warfare.
LYNDON JOHNSON
Lyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th president of the United States, taking office after the assassination of John F. Kennedy until his retirement in 1968. He is best known for approving American military escalation in the Vietnam War. Born in rural Texas, Johnson trained as a teacher then worked for a time in a one-room schoolhouse. NAZI ANTI-SEMITISM
Nazi anti-Semitism. A Nazi cartoon depicts Jews as insects. The origins of Nazi anti-Semitism are a matter of some debate. Adolf Hitler was one of several Nazi leaders who nurtured a hatred of the Jewish people. Many theories have been advanced about why Hitler and his movement were so vehemently anti-Semitic. CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Cassanyes describes the execution of Robespierre (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM SPORT IN THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Cassanyes describes the execution of Robespierre (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. ABOUT ALPHA HISTORY
Launched in 2011, the Alpha History website is a free online textbook and resource centre for history teachers and students. As of 2019, our website spans 11 popular history subjects and contains more than two million words, 3,000 pages and hundreds of historical sources. THE ORIGINS OF ANTI-SEMITISM SPORT IN THE COLD WAR HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST THE JULY CRISIS
The July crisis was a month-long period of ultimatums, diplomatic communications and threats that culminated in the outbreak of World War I. 2. It began the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28th 1914. Encouraged by Germany, Austria-Hungary handed Serbia a stringent ultimatum. 3. THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Cassanyes describes the execution of Robespierre (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. BILLY GRAHAM ON COMMUNISM: "SATAN'S RELIGION" (1954) Billy Graham on communism: “Satan’s religion” (1954) Billy Graham (1918-2018) was an American Baptist minister and probably the best-known evangelist preacher of the 20th century. Born and raised in rural North Carolina, Graham converted at age 16 before studying in Florida and Illinois. US-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE THE COLD WAR The US today. The US remains the world’s largest superpower, both economically and militarily. Despite the 2008 global financial crisis, the 2020 coronavirus pandemic and other problems, the American economy is the largest and wealthiest in the world. THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION The Russian Revolution was a groundbreaking event that changed not only the course of Russia but also the world.. At the start of the 20th century, Russia was one of the world’s largest and most powerful empires. Its landmass stretched from Europe to Asia and spanned one-sixth of the globe. Its population exceeded 100 million people, including dozens of ethnic and language groups. HOLOCAUST TOPICS
A collection of Holocaust topics - from the ancient and medieval origins of anti-Semitism to Hitler's Final Solution to the modern era. THE ATTACK ON THE TUILERIES An artist’s depiction of the slaughter in the Tuileries palace on August 10th 1792. On August 10th 1792, a little more than three years after their victory over the Bastille, the people of Paris laid siege to another royalist symbol.This time the target was the Tuileries Palace, the official residence of Louis XVI and the home of the Legislative Assembly. COLD WAR TIMELINE: 1970 TO 1979 This Cold War timeline contains important dates and events from 1970 to 1979. It has been written and compiled by Alpha History authors. If you would like to suggest an event or development for inclusion in this timeline, please contact Alpha History.. 1970 NAZI IDEOLOGY
Strong leadership by one ruler was a key element of Nazism. Adolf Hitler and his followers in the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) expressed a strong commitment to values and ideas. Under Hitler’s leadership, the NSDAP developed its WEIMAR REPUBLIC QUIZZES This Weimar Republic site contains articles, sources and perspectives on Germany between 1918 and 1933. This site is created and maintained by Alpha History.
DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890-1969) was president of the United States between January 1953 to January 1961, a period of growing interest and involvement in Vietnam.. Eisenhower was born in Texas, raised in Kansas then educated at the West Point military academy, graduating in 1915. During World War I, he was involved in training other soldiers in tank warfare.
LYNDON JOHNSON
Lyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th president of the United States, taking office after the assassination of John F. Kennedy until his retirement in 1968. He is best known for approving American military escalation in the Vietnam War. Born in rural Texas, Johnson trained as a teacher then worked for a time in a one-room schoolhouse. CASSANYES DESCRIBES THE EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERRE (1794) Jacques-Joseph Cassanyes (1758-1843) was a French politician and, later, a chronicler of the French Revolution. Born in Roussillon, close to the Spanish border, Cassanyes entered a seminary to train for the priesthood but later abandoned his in favour of medicine. ALPHA HISTORY
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WELCOME TO ALPHA HISTORY Alpha History is a free, ad-supported online textbook for history teachers and students. It spans twelve different historical periods or themes, with more under construction in 2019-20. Alpha History contains thousands of invaluable resources including topic summaries, documents, images, maps, timelines, biographical profiles and historiographical information, as well as a range of online activities.
Alpha History is written, curated and compiled by qualified teachers. Content on Alpha History is suitable for students at middle school, high school and undergraduate levels. The American Revolution (1763-1789) The French Revolution (1781-1795) World War I (1914-1918) The Russian Revolution (1905-1924) The Weimar Republic (1918-1933) Nazi Germany (1933-1945) The Holocaust (1941-1945) The Cold War (1945-1989) The Chinese Revolution (1898-1976) The Vietnam War (1945-1975) Northern Ireland and the Troubles (1968-1989) Past Peculiar
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