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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2018
LIFE ON EARTH - CHAPTER 15 CLASS 11 NCERT GEOGRAPHY
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
(i) Which one of the following is included in biosphere?
(a) only plants
(B) ALL LIVING AND NON-LIVING ORGANISMS
(c) only animals
(d) all living organisms
(ii) Tropical grasslands are also known as :
(a) the prairies
(B) THE SAVANNAS
(c) the steppes
(d) none of the above
(iii) Oxygen combines with iron found in the rocks to form :
(a) iron carbonate
(b) iron nitrites
(C) IRON OXIDES
(d) iron sulphate
(iv) During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide combines with water in the
presence of sunlight to form : (a) proteins
(b) amino acids
(C) CARBOHYDRATES
(d) vitamins
2. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN ABOUT 30 WORDS.
(i) What do you understand by the term ‘ecology’?
Ans. The term ecology is derived from the Greek word ‘oikos’
meaning ‘house’, combined with the word ‘logy’ meaning the
‘science of’ or ‘the study of’. Ecology is the study of the
earth as a ‘household’, of plants, human beings, animals and
micro-organisms.
(ii) What is an ecological system? Identify the major types of
ecosystems in the world.
Ans. The interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic
factors within a particular habitat resulting in clearly defined
energy flows and material cycles on land, water and air, are called
ecological systems.
The two major types of ecosystem are - TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC
(iii) What is a food-chain? Give one example of a grazing food-chain
identifying the various levels.
Ans. This sequence of eating and being eaten and the resultant
transfer of energy from one level to another is known as the
food-chain. For e.g. – Plants (producers) get eaten by rabbits,
deer, cow etc...(herbivores animals), similarly herbivores animals get
eaten by fox, lion, tiger, eagle etc...(carnivores animals).
(iv) What do you understand by the term ‘food web’? Give
examples.
Ans. A food web is a natural interconnection of food chains. In other
words, a network of food chains mixed together to form food web.
(v) What is a biome?
Ans. A biome is a plant and animal community that covers a large
geographical area. This geographical area is usually determined by
climate.
3. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN ABOUT 150 WORDS.
(i) What are bio-geochemical cycles? Explain how nitrogen is fixed in
the atmosphere.
Ans. Bio-geochemical cycles are chemical exchange between living
organisms that is where the term “bio” come from, and the
“geographic” element of the earth such as - rocks, soil, air, and
water. In simple terms, it is a cycle that shows the movement of
chemical elements between the biotic (living organism) and the abiotic
(non-living organism) components of the environment.
Nitrogen is a major constituent of the atmosphere comprising about
79% of the atmospheric gases. Nitrogen is considered as an unreactive
gas. Nitrogen gas is formed when two nitrogen atoms bond together.
Nitrogen molecules have a triple covalent bond and it requires a huge
amount of energy to break triple bonds. Hence, this massive energy can
be obtained by lightning and cosmic radiation.
(ii) What is an ecological balance? Discuss the important measures
needed to prevent ecological imbalances.
Ans. Ecological balance is a state where there is equality between
organisms and their environment in terms of coexistence.
Ecological imbalance occurs due to the introduction of new species,
natural hazards or human causes.
Measures to prevent ecological imbalance:-
1. Manage Natural Resources Carefully
2. Controlling Population - reducing human consumption of natural
resources
3. Protecting the Water
4. Recycling
5. Planting more trees
6. Improving farming techniques to avoid land degradation
7. Shifting from Fossil Fuels to Sustainable Energy
at 8:39:00 AM
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, NCERT
Geography Material
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 2017
IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING HISTORY
By learning and understanding history, we get to understand the basic
principles on which a society functions. History can give us
information about many things such as:- what people ate, what kind of
clothes people wore and what kind of houses they lived. By knowing
these three basic questions, we can easily find out about the lives of
hunters, herders, farmers, rulers, merchants, priests, crafts persons,
artists, musicians, and scientists. This clearly tells us that we do
not have one past. Past was different for different people. Some may
have lived a life of a farmer or herder which is different from those
who were kings or queens. Similarly, people who lived a life of a
merchant were different from those who were craftsmen.
It is all true even today, people follow different practices and
customs in different parts of the county. In some places, people get
their own food by hunting, fishing and collecting from forest.
Whereas, people living in cities get their food and other supplies by
being dependent on others. This kind of a difference existed in past
as well. Hence, this tells us that there is a clear connection between
past and present.
History also unravels another kind of difference. In the past kings
were known for their victories and battles they fought and we know
about them through inscriptions, scriptures, poems, stories and other
forms of records. But we do not see any record that tells anything
about ordinary people’s interests and accolades. It is simply
because they did not keep records for what they did. This kind of
difference is seen today as well. Eminent people like scientists,
authors, researchers, leaders write books, papers, patents etc as a
form of record that showcases their work, ideas and thoughts. But
rarely ordinary people keep any record of what they do.
There are many other things that were made and used in the past such
as – buildings, sculptures, paintings. These all tells us about the
architecture, town planning, interests, hobbies about people and
society. Historians, who study the past they often make a direct and
parallel relation between past and present. But there is much that
remains unknown. However, by drawing a direct and parallel relation
between past and present we can reconstruct the past bit by bit.
That’s why the job of historians and archaeologists are like
detectives, who use all these sources like clues to find out about our
pasts.
As cliché as it may sound, sometimes the solution of a present
problem can very much exist in the past. Only a careful interpretation
and linkage of past and present can unravel the mystery behind many
societal issues. Many of such societal issue are a direct result of
our past.
at 7:10:00 AM
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SATURDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2017
NOTES OF CH 5 MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES| CLASS 10TH GEOGRAPHY
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
(I) WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING MINERALS IS FORMED BY DECOMPOSITION OF
ROCKS, LEAVING A RESIDUAL MASS OF WEATHERED MATERIAL?
(a) coal
(B) BAUXITE
(c) gold
(d) zinc
(II) KODERMA, IN JHARKHAND IS THE LEADING PRODUCER OF WHICH ONE OF
THE FOLLOWING MINERALS?
Read more »
at 11:19:00 AM
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NOTES OF CHAPTER 4 AGRICULTURE| CLASS 10TH GEOGRAPHY
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
(I) WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES A SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURE
WHERE A SINGLE CROP IS GROWN ON A LARGE AREA?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(B) PLANTATION AGRICULTURE
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
(II) WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS A RABI CROP?
Read more »
at 11:16:00 AM
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NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10TH: CH 3 WATER RESOURCES GEOGRAPHY
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESITONS.
(I) BASED ON THE INFORMATION GIVEN BELOW CLASSIFY EACH OF THE
SITUATIONS AS ‘SUFFERING FROM WATER SCARCITY’ OR ‘NOT SUFFERING
FROM WATER SCARCITY’.
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Ans:
a. Not suffering from water scarcity
b. Not suffering from water scarcity
c. Suffering from water scarcity
d. Suffering from water scarcity
(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in
favour of multipurpose river projects?
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at 10:59:00 AM
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NOTES OF CH 7 LIFELINES OF NATIONAL ECONOMY| CLASS 10TH GEOGRAPHY
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
(I) WHICH TWO OF THE FOLLOWING EXTREME LOCATIONS ARE CONNECTED BY THE
EAST-WEST CORRIDOR?
(a) Mumbai and Nagpur
(B) SILCHER AND PORBANDAR
(c) Mumbai and Kolkata
(d) Nagpur and Siligud
(II) WHICH MODE OF TRANSPORTATION REDUCES TRANS-SHIPMENT LOSSES AND
DELAYS?
Read more »
at 10:54:00 AM
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FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 2017
HOW IMPORT AND EXPORT AFFECT ECONOMY
We all are familiar with the terms IMPORTS and EXPORTS when it
comes to international as well as domestic economy. In this article i
will tell you how imports and exports affects the economy.
Imports are an important indicator and a vital component of the
economy. A high level of imports indicates robust domestic demand and
a growing economy. Let’s take an example – today market has a
growing demand for electronic gadgets, clothing, food, automobiles and
other consumer goods. Many of them are foreign brands. It is because
of imports they are accessible to us. When you purchase these goods,
you are paying for these goods and that makes the economy grow.
Therefore, a high level of imports indicates robust domestic demand
and a growing economy. Now It’s even better if these imports are
mainly of productive assets like machinery and equipment. These assets
are used for long term productivity and productivity is necessary for
an economy to grow.
Read more »
at 5:13:00 PM
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Labels: Economics Articles
HOW DO HUMAN ACTIVITIES CAUSE SOIL EROSION?
Before we answer _“how do human activities cause soil erosion”_,
we need to first understand what is soil erosion.
WHAT IS SOIL EROSION?
Soil erosion is defined as the wearing away of topsoil. Soil is
naturally created when small pieces of weathered rocks and minerals
mix with organic materials from decaying plants and animals. It takes
many years to create soil. However, the soil that is created faces
constant pressure of natural and human activities.
HOW HUMAN ACTIVITIES CAN ACCELERATE SOIL EROSION?
Read more »
at 5:02:00 PM
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TUESDAY, APRIL 4, 2017
MAJOR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH - CHAPTER 5 GEOGRAPHY NCERT CLASS 6
1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS BRIEFLY.
(a) What are the four major domains of the earth?
Ans. The four major domains of the Earth are: lithosphere,
hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.
(b) Name the major continents of the earth.
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at 3:56:00 AM
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MAPS - CHAPTER 4 GEOGRAPHY NCERT CLASS 6
1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS BRIEFLY.
(a) What are the three components of a map?
Ans. The three components of a map are - Distance, Direction & Symbol.
(b) What are the four cardinal directions?
Read more »
at 3:43:00 AM
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